1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
2 Copyright(c) 2016-2017 Intel Corporation.
4 IPsec Security Gateway Sample Application
5 =========================================
7 The IPsec Security Gateway application is an example of a "real world"
8 application using DPDK cryptodev framework.
13 The application demonstrates the implementation of a Security Gateway
14 (not IPsec compliant, see the Constraints section below) using DPDK based on RFC4301,
15 RFC4303, RFC3602 and RFC2404.
17 Internet Key Exchange (IKE) is not implemented, so only manual setting of
18 Security Policies and Security Associations is supported.
20 The Security Policies (SP) are implemented as ACL rules, the Security
21 Associations (SA) are stored in a table and the routing is implemented
24 The application classifies the ports as *Protected* and *Unprotected*.
25 Thus, traffic received on an Unprotected or Protected port is consider
26 Inbound or Outbound respectively.
28 The application also supports complete IPSec protocol offload to hardware
29 (Look aside crypto accelarator or using ethernet device). It also support
30 inline ipsec processing by the supported ethernet device during transmission.
31 These modes can be selected during the SA creation configuration.
33 In case of complete protocol offload, the processing of headers(ESP and outer
34 IP header) is done by the hardware and the application does not need to
35 add/remove them during outbound/inbound processing.
37 For inline offloaded outbound traffic, the application will not do the LPM
38 lookup for routing, as the port on which the packet has to be forwarded will be
39 part of the SA. Security parameters will be configured on that port only, and
40 sending the packet on other ports could result in unencrypted packets being
43 The Path for IPsec Inbound traffic is:
45 * Read packets from the port.
46 * Classify packets between IPv4 and ESP.
47 * Perform Inbound SA lookup for ESP packets based on their SPI.
48 * Perform Verification/Decryption (Not needed in case of inline ipsec).
49 * Remove ESP and outer IP header (Not needed in case of protocol offload).
50 * Inbound SP check using ACL of decrypted packets and any other IPv4 packets.
52 * Write packet to port.
54 The Path for the IPsec Outbound traffic is:
56 * Read packets from the port.
57 * Perform Outbound SP check using ACL of all IPv4 traffic.
58 * Perform Outbound SA lookup for packets that need IPsec protection.
59 * Add ESP and outer IP header (Not needed in case protocol offload).
60 * Perform Encryption/Digest (Not needed in case of inline ipsec).
62 * Write packet to port.
68 * No IPv6 options headers.
70 * Supported algorithms: AES-CBC, AES-CTR, AES-GCM, 3DES-CBC, HMAC-SHA1 and NULL.
71 * Each SA must be handle by a unique lcore (*1 RX queue per port*).
74 Compiling the Application
75 -------------------------
77 To compile the sample application see :doc:`compiling`.
79 The application is located in the ``rpsec-secgw`` sub-directory.
81 #. [Optional] Build the application for debugging:
82 This option adds some extra flags, disables compiler optimizations and
88 Running the Application
89 -----------------------
91 The application has a number of command line options::
94 ./build/ipsec-secgw [EAL options] --
95 -p PORTMASK -P -u PORTMASK -j FRAMESIZE
96 --config (port,queue,lcore)[,(port,queue,lcore]
104 * ``-p PORTMASK``: Hexadecimal bitmask of ports to configure.
106 * ``-P``: *optional*. Sets all ports to promiscuous mode so that packets are
107 accepted regardless of the packet's Ethernet MAC destination address.
108 Without this option, only packets with the Ethernet MAC destination address
109 set to the Ethernet address of the port are accepted (default is enabled).
111 * ``-u PORTMASK``: hexadecimal bitmask of unprotected ports
113 * ``-j FRAMESIZE``: *optional*. Enables jumbo frames with the maximum size
114 specified as FRAMESIZE. If an invalid value is provided as FRAMESIZE
115 then the default value 9000 is used.
117 * ``--config (port,queue,lcore)[,(port,queue,lcore)]``: determines which queues
118 from which ports are mapped to which cores.
120 * ``--single-sa SAIDX``: use a single SA for outbound traffic, bypassing the SP
121 on both Inbound and Outbound. This option is meant for debugging/performance
124 * ``--rxoffload MASK``: RX HW offload capabilities to enable/use on this port
125 (bitmask of DEV_RX_OFFLOAD_* values). It is an optional parameter and
126 allows user to disable some of the RX HW offload capabilities.
127 By default all HW RX offloads are enabled.
129 * ``--txoffload MASK``: TX HW offload capabilities to enable/use on this port
130 (bitmask of DEV_TX_OFFLOAD_* values). It is an optional parameter and
131 allows user to disable some of the TX HW offload capabilities.
132 By default all HW TX offloads are enabled.
134 * ``-f CONFIG_FILE_PATH``: the full path of text-based file containing all
135 configuration items for running the application (See Configuration file
136 syntax section below). ``-f CONFIG_FILE_PATH`` **must** be specified.
137 **ONLY** the UNIX format configuration file is accepted.
140 The mapping of lcores to port/queues is similar to other l3fwd applications.
142 For example, given the following command line::
144 ./build/ipsec-secgw -l 20,21 -n 4 --socket-mem 0,2048 \
145 --vdev "crypto_null" -- -p 0xf -P -u 0x3 \
146 --config="(0,0,20),(1,0,20),(2,0,21),(3,0,21)" \
147 -f /path/to/config_file \
149 where each options means:
151 * The ``-l`` option enables cores 20 and 21.
153 * The ``-n`` option sets memory 4 channels.
155 * The ``--socket-mem`` to use 2GB on socket 1.
157 * The ``--vdev "crypto_null"`` option creates virtual NULL cryptodev PMD.
159 * The ``-p`` option enables ports (detected) 0, 1, 2 and 3.
161 * The ``-P`` option enables promiscuous mode.
163 * The ``-u`` option sets ports 1 and 2 as unprotected, leaving 2 and 3 as protected.
165 * The ``--config`` option enables one queue per port with the following mapping:
167 +----------+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------------+
168 | **Port** | **Queue** | **lcore** | **Description** |
170 +----------+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------------+
171 | 0 | 0 | 20 | Map queue 0 from port 0 to lcore 20. |
173 +----------+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------------+
174 | 1 | 0 | 20 | Map queue 0 from port 1 to lcore 20. |
176 +----------+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------------+
177 | 2 | 0 | 21 | Map queue 0 from port 2 to lcore 21. |
179 +----------+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------------+
180 | 3 | 0 | 21 | Map queue 0 from port 3 to lcore 21. |
182 +----------+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------------+
184 * The ``-f /path/to/config_file`` option enables the application read and
185 parse the configuration file specified, and configures the application
186 with a given set of SP, SA and Routing entries accordingly. The syntax of
187 the configuration file will be explained below in more detail. Please
188 **note** the parser only accepts UNIX format text file. Other formats
189 such as DOS/MAC format will cause a parse error.
191 Refer to the *DPDK Getting Started Guide* for general information on running
192 applications and the Environment Abstraction Layer (EAL) options.
194 The application would do a best effort to "map" crypto devices to cores, with
195 hardware devices having priority. Basically, hardware devices if present would
196 be assigned to a core before software ones.
197 This means that if the application is using a single core and both hardware
198 and software crypto devices are detected, hardware devices will be used.
200 A way to achieve the case where you want to force the use of virtual crypto
201 devices is to whitelist the Ethernet devices needed and therefore implicitly
202 blacklisting all hardware crypto devices.
204 For example, something like the following command line:
206 .. code-block:: console
208 ./build/ipsec-secgw -l 20,21 -n 4 --socket-mem 0,2048 \
209 -w 81:00.0 -w 81:00.1 -w 81:00.2 -w 81:00.3 \
210 --vdev "crypto_aesni_mb" --vdev "crypto_null" \
212 -p 0xf -P -u 0x3 --config="(0,0,20),(1,0,20),(2,0,21),(3,0,21)" \
219 The following sections provide the syntax of configurations to initialize
220 your SP, SA, Routing and Neighbour tables.
221 Configurations shall be specified in the configuration file to be passed to
222 the application. The file is then parsed by the application. The successful
223 parsing will result in the appropriate rules being applied to the tables
227 Configuration File Syntax
228 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
230 As mention in the overview, the Security Policies are ACL rules.
231 The application parsers the rules specified in the configuration file and
232 passes them to the ACL table, and replicates them per socket in use.
234 Following are the configuration file syntax.
239 The parse treats one line in the configuration file as one configuration
240 item (unless the line concatenation symbol exists). Every configuration
241 item shall follow the syntax of either SP, SA, Routing or Neighbour
242 rules specified below.
244 The configuration parser supports the following special symbols:
246 * Comment symbol **#**. Any character from this symbol to the end of
247 line is treated as comment and will not be parsed.
249 * Line concatenation symbol **\\**. This symbol shall be placed in the end
250 of the line to be concatenated to the line below. Multiple lines'
251 concatenation is supported.
257 The SP rule syntax is shown as follows:
259 .. code-block:: console
261 sp <ip_ver> <dir> esp <action> <priority> <src_ip> <dst_ip>
262 <proto> <sport> <dport>
265 where each options means:
269 * IP protocol version
275 * *ipv4*: IP protocol version 4
276 * *ipv6*: IP protocol version 6
280 * The traffic direction
286 * *in*: inbound traffic
287 * *out*: outbound traffic
297 * *protect <SA_idx>*: the specified traffic is protected by SA rule
299 * *bypass*: the specified traffic traffic is bypassed
300 * *discard*: the specified traffic is discarded
306 * Optional: Yes, default priority 0 will be used
312 * The source IP address and mask
314 * Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used
318 * *src X.X.X.X/Y* for IPv4
319 * *src XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y* for IPv6
323 * The destination IP address and mask
325 * Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used
329 * *dst X.X.X.X/Y* for IPv4
330 * *dst XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y* for IPv6
334 * The protocol start and end range
336 * Optional: yes, default range of 0 to 0 will be used
338 * Syntax: *proto X:Y*
342 * The source port start and end range
344 * Optional: yes, default range of 0 to 0 will be used
346 * Syntax: *sport X:Y*
350 * The destination port start and end range
352 * Optional: yes, default range of 0 to 0 will be used
354 * Syntax: *dport X:Y*
358 .. code-block:: console
360 sp ipv4 out esp protect 105 pri 1 dst 192.168.115.0/24 sport 0:65535 \
363 sp ipv6 in esp bypass pri 1 dst 0000:0000:0000:0000:5555:5555:\
364 0000:0000/96 sport 0:65535 dport 0:65535
370 The successfully parsed SA rules will be stored in an array table.
372 The SA rule syntax is shown as follows:
374 .. code-block:: console
376 sa <dir> <spi> <cipher_algo> <cipher_key> <auth_algo> <auth_key>
377 <mode> <src_ip> <dst_ip> <action_type> <port_id>
379 where each options means:
383 * The traffic direction
389 * *in*: inbound traffic
390 * *out*: outbound traffic
398 * Syntax: unsigned integer number
404 * Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used
408 * *null*: NULL algorithm
409 * *aes-128-cbc*: AES-CBC 128-bit algorithm
410 * *aes-256-cbc*: AES-CBC 256-bit algorithm
411 * *aes-128-ctr*: AES-CTR 128-bit algorithm
412 * *3des-cbc*: 3DES-CBC 192-bit algorithm
414 * Syntax: *cipher_algo <your algorithm>*
418 * Cipher key, NOT available when 'null' algorithm is used
420 * Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used.
421 Must be followed by <cipher_algo> option
423 * Syntax: Hexadecimal bytes (0x0-0xFF) concatenate by colon symbol ':'.
424 The number of bytes should be as same as the specified cipher algorithm
427 For example: *cipher_key A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:
432 * Authentication algorithm
434 * Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used
438 * *null*: NULL algorithm
439 * *sha1-hmac*: HMAC SHA1 algorithm
443 * Authentication key, NOT available when 'null' or 'aes-128-gcm' algorithm
446 * Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used.
447 Must be followed by <auth_algo> option
449 * Syntax: Hexadecimal bytes (0x0-0xFF) concatenate by colon symbol ':'.
450 The number of bytes should be as same as the specified authentication
453 For example: *auth_key A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:
460 * Optional: Yes, unless <cipher_algo> and <auth_algo> are not used
464 * *aes-128-gcm*: AES-GCM 128-bit algorithm
466 * Syntax: *cipher_algo <your algorithm>*
470 * Cipher key, NOT available when 'null' algorithm is used
472 * Optional: Yes, unless <cipher_algo> and <auth_algo> are not used.
473 Must be followed by <aead_algo> option
475 * Syntax: Hexadecimal bytes (0x0-0xFF) concatenate by colon symbol ':'.
476 The number of bytes should be as same as the specified AEAD algorithm
479 For example: *aead_key A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:
490 * *ipv4-tunnel*: Tunnel mode for IPv4 packets
491 * *ipv6-tunnel*: Tunnel mode for IPv6 packets
492 * *transport*: transport mode
498 * The source IP address. This option is not available when
499 transport mode is used
501 * Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 will be used
505 * *src X.X.X.X* for IPv4
506 * *src XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX* for IPv6
510 * The destination IP address. This option is not available when
511 transport mode is used
513 * Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 will be used
517 * *dst X.X.X.X* for IPv4
518 * *dst XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX* for IPv6
522 * Action type to specify the security action. This option specify
523 the SA to be performed with look aside protocol offload to HW
524 accelerator or protocol offload on ethernet device or inline
525 crypto processing on the ethernet device during transmission.
527 * Optional: Yes, default type *no-offload*
531 * *lookaside-protocol-offload*: look aside protocol offload to HW accelerator
532 * *inline-protocol-offload*: inline protocol offload on ethernet device
533 * *inline-crypto-offload*: inline crypto processing on ethernet device
534 * *no-offload*: no offloading to hardware
538 * Port/device ID of the ethernet/crypto accelerator for which the SA is
539 configured. For *inline-crypto-offload* and *inline-protocol-offload*, this
540 port will be used for routing. The routing table will not be referred in
543 * Optional: No, if *type* is not *no-offload*
547 * *port_id X* X is a valid device number in decimal
552 .. code-block:: console
554 sa out 5 cipher_algo null auth_algo null mode ipv4-tunnel \
555 src 172.16.1.5 dst 172.16.2.5
557 sa out 25 cipher_algo aes-128-cbc \
558 cipher_key c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3 \
559 auth_algo sha1-hmac \
560 auth_key c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3 \
562 src 1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:5555 \
563 dst 2222:2222:2222:2222:2222:2222:2222:5555
565 sa in 105 aead_algo aes-128-gcm \
566 aead_key de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef \
567 mode ipv4-tunnel src 172.16.2.5 dst 172.16.1.5
569 sa out 5 cipher_algo aes-128-cbc cipher_key 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 \
570 auth_algo sha1-hmac auth_key 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 \
571 mode ipv4-tunnel src 172.16.1.5 dst 172.16.2.5 \
572 type lookaside-protocol-offload port_id 4
577 The Routing rule syntax is shown as follows:
579 .. code-block:: console
581 rt <ip_ver> <src_ip> <dst_ip> <port>
584 where each options means:
588 * IP protocol version
594 * *ipv4*: IP protocol version 4
595 * *ipv6*: IP protocol version 6
599 * The source IP address and mask
601 * Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used
605 * *src X.X.X.X/Y* for IPv4
606 * *src XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y* for IPv6
610 * The destination IP address and mask
612 * Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used
616 * *dst X.X.X.X/Y* for IPv4
617 * *dst XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y* for IPv6
621 * The traffic output port id
623 * Optional: yes, default output port 0 will be used
629 .. code-block:: console
631 rt ipv4 dst 172.16.1.5/32 port 0
633 rt ipv6 dst 1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:5555/116 port 0
635 Neighbour rule syntax
636 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
638 The Neighbour rule syntax is shown as follows:
640 .. code-block:: console
642 neigh <port> <dst_mac>
645 where each options means:
657 * The destination ethernet address to use for that port
665 Example Neighbour rules:
667 .. code-block:: console
669 neigh port 0 DE:AD:BE:EF:01:02