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39 from os.path import exists, abspath, dirname, basename
41 # The PCI base class for NETWORK devices
42 NETWORK_BASE_CLASS = "02"
44 # global dict ethernet devices present. Dictionary indexed by PCI address.
45 # Each device within this is itself a dictionary of device properties
47 # list of supported DPDK drivers
48 dpdk_drivers = ["igb_uio", "vfio-pci", "uio_pci_generic"]
50 # command-line arg flags
58 '''Print usage information for the program'''
59 argv0 = basename(sys.argv[0])
64 %(argv0)s [options] DEVICE1 DEVICE2 ....
66 where DEVICE1, DEVICE2 etc, are specified via PCI "domain:bus:slot.func" syntax
67 or "bus:slot.func" syntax. For devices bound to Linux kernel drivers, they may
68 also be referred to by Linux interface name e.g. eth0, eth1, em0, em1, etc.
72 Display usage information and quit
75 Print the current status of all known network interfaces.
76 For each device, it displays the PCI domain, bus, slot and function,
77 along with a text description of the device. Depending upon whether the
78 device is being used by a kernel driver, the igb_uio driver, or no
79 driver, other relevant information will be displayed:
80 * the Linux interface name e.g. if=eth0
81 * the driver being used e.g. drv=igb_uio
82 * any suitable drivers not currently using that device
84 NOTE: if this flag is passed along with a bind/unbind option, the
85 status display will always occur after the other operations have taken
88 -b driver, --bind=driver:
89 Select the driver to use or \"none\" to unbind the device
92 Unbind a device (Equivalent to \"-b none\")
95 By default, devices which are used by Linux - as indicated by having
96 routes in the routing table - cannot be modified. Using the --force
97 flag overrides this behavior, allowing active links to be forcibly
99 WARNING: This can lead to loss of network connection and should be used
105 To display current device status:
108 To bind eth1 from the current driver and move to use igb_uio
109 %(argv0)s --bind=igb_uio eth1
111 To unbind 0000:01:00.0 from using any driver
112 %(argv0)s -u 0000:01:00.0
114 To bind 0000:02:00.0 and 0000:02:00.1 to the ixgbe kernel driver
115 %(argv0)s -b ixgbe 02:00.0 02:00.1
117 """ % locals()) # replace items from local variables
120 # This is roughly compatible with check_output function in subprocess module
121 # which is only available in python 2.7.
122 def check_output(args, stderr=None):
123 '''Run a command and capture its output'''
124 return subprocess.Popen(args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
125 stderr=stderr).communicate()[0]
128 def find_module(mod):
129 '''find the .ko file for kernel module named mod.
130 Searches the $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET directory, the kernel
131 modules directory and finally under the parent directory of
133 # check $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET directory
134 if 'RTE_SDK' in os.environ and 'RTE_TARGET' in os.environ:
135 path = "%s/%s/kmod/%s.ko" % (os.environ['RTE_SDK'],
136 os.environ['RTE_TARGET'], mod)
142 depmod_out = check_output(["modinfo", "-n", mod],
143 stderr=subprocess.STDOUT).lower()
144 if "error" not in depmod_out:
145 path = depmod_out.strip()
148 except: # if modinfo can't find module, it fails, so continue
151 # check for a copy based off current path
152 tools_dir = dirname(abspath(sys.argv[0]))
153 if (tools_dir.endswith("tools")):
154 base_dir = dirname(tools_dir)
155 find_out = check_output(["find", base_dir, "-name", mod + ".ko"])
156 if len(find_out) > 0: # something matched
157 path = find_out.splitlines()[0]
163 '''Checks that igb_uio is loaded'''
166 # list of supported modules
167 mods = [{"Name": driver, "Found": False} for driver in dpdk_drivers]
169 # first check if module is loaded
171 # Get list of sysfs modules (both built-in and dynamically loaded)
172 sysfs_path = '/sys/module/'
174 # Get the list of directories in sysfs_path
175 sysfs_mods = [os.path.join(sysfs_path, o) for o
176 in os.listdir(sysfs_path)
177 if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(sysfs_path, o))]
179 # Extract the last element of '/sys/module/abc' in the array
180 sysfs_mods = [a.split('/')[-1] for a in sysfs_mods]
182 # special case for vfio_pci (module is named vfio-pci,
183 # but its .ko is named vfio_pci)
184 sysfs_mods = map(lambda a:
185 a if a != 'vfio_pci' else 'vfio-pci', sysfs_mods)
188 if mod["Name"] in sysfs_mods:
193 # check if we have at least one loaded module
194 if True not in [mod["Found"] for mod in mods] and b_flag is not None:
195 if b_flag in dpdk_drivers:
196 print("Error - no supported modules(DPDK driver) are loaded")
199 print("Warning - no supported modules(DPDK driver) are loaded")
201 # change DPDK driver list to only contain drivers that are loaded
202 dpdk_drivers = [mod["Name"] for mod in mods if mod["Found"]]
205 def has_driver(dev_id):
206 '''return true if a device is assigned to a driver. False otherwise'''
207 return "Driver_str" in devices[dev_id]
210 def get_pci_device_details(dev_id):
211 '''This function gets additional details for a PCI device'''
214 extra_info = check_output(["lspci", "-vmmks", dev_id]).splitlines()
216 # parse lspci details
217 for line in extra_info:
220 name, value = line.decode().split("\t", 1)
221 name = name.strip(":") + "_str"
223 # check for a unix interface name
224 sys_path = "/sys/bus/pci/devices/%s/net/" % dev_id
226 device["Interface"] = ",".join(os.listdir(sys_path))
228 device["Interface"] = ""
229 # check if a port is used for ssh connection
230 device["Ssh_if"] = False
231 device["Active"] = ""
236 def get_nic_details():
237 '''This function populates the "devices" dictionary. The keys used are
238 the pci addresses (domain:bus:slot.func). The values are themselves
239 dictionaries - one for each NIC.'''
245 # first loop through and read details for all devices
246 # request machine readable format, with numeric IDs
248 dev_lines = check_output(["lspci", "-Dvmmn"]).splitlines()
249 for dev_line in dev_lines:
250 if (len(dev_line) == 0):
251 if dev["Class"][0:2] == NETWORK_BASE_CLASS:
252 # convert device and vendor ids to numbers, then add to global
253 dev["Vendor"] = int(dev["Vendor"], 16)
254 dev["Device"] = int(dev["Device"], 16)
255 # use dict to make copy of dev
256 devices[dev["Slot"]] = dict(dev)
258 name, value = dev_line.decode().split("\t", 1)
259 dev[name.rstrip(":")] = value
261 # check what is the interface if any for an ssh connection if
262 # any to this host, so we can mark it later.
264 route = check_output(["ip", "-o", "route"])
265 # filter out all lines for 169.254 routes
266 route = "\n".join(filter(lambda ln: not ln.startswith("169.254"),
267 route.decode().splitlines()))
268 rt_info = route.split()
269 for i in range(len(rt_info) - 1):
270 if rt_info[i] == "dev":
271 ssh_if.append(rt_info[i+1])
273 # based on the basic info, get extended text details
274 for d in devices.keys():
275 # get additional info and add it to existing data
276 devices[d] = devices[d].copy()
277 devices[d].update(get_pci_device_details(d).items())
280 if _if in devices[d]["Interface"].split(","):
281 devices[d]["Ssh_if"] = True
282 devices[d]["Active"] = "*Active*"
285 # add igb_uio to list of supporting modules if needed
286 if "Module_str" in devices[d]:
287 for driver in dpdk_drivers:
288 if driver not in devices[d]["Module_str"]:
289 devices[d]["Module_str"] = \
290 devices[d]["Module_str"] + ",%s" % driver
292 devices[d]["Module_str"] = ",".join(dpdk_drivers)
294 # make sure the driver and module strings do not have any duplicates
296 modules = devices[d]["Module_str"].split(",")
297 if devices[d]["Driver_str"] in modules:
298 modules.remove(devices[d]["Driver_str"])
299 devices[d]["Module_str"] = ",".join(modules)
302 def dev_id_from_dev_name(dev_name):
303 '''Take a device "name" - a string passed in by user to identify a NIC
304 device, and determine the device id - i.e. the domain:bus:slot.func - for
305 it, which can then be used to index into the devices array'''
307 # check if it's already a suitable index
308 if dev_name in devices:
310 # check if it's an index just missing the domain part
311 elif "0000:" + dev_name in devices:
312 return "0000:" + dev_name
314 # check if it's an interface name, e.g. eth1
315 for d in devices.keys():
316 if dev_name in devices[d]["Interface"].split(","):
317 return devices[d]["Slot"]
318 # if nothing else matches - error
319 print("Unknown device: %s. "
320 "Please specify device in \"bus:slot.func\" format" % dev_name)
324 def unbind_one(dev_id, force):
325 '''Unbind the device identified by "dev_id" from its current driver'''
326 dev = devices[dev_id]
327 if not has_driver(dev_id):
328 print("%s %s %s is not currently managed by any driver\n" %
329 (dev["Slot"], dev["Device_str"], dev["Interface"]))
332 # prevent us disconnecting ourselves
333 if dev["Ssh_if"] and not force:
334 print("Routing table indicates that interface %s is active. "
335 "Skipping unbind" % (dev_id))
338 # write to /sys to unbind
339 filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/unbind" % dev["Driver_str"]
341 f = open(filename, "a")
343 print("Error: unbind failed for %s - Cannot open %s"
344 % (dev_id, filename))
350 def bind_one(dev_id, driver, force):
351 '''Bind the device given by "dev_id" to the driver "driver". If the device
352 is already bound to a different driver, it will be unbound first'''
353 dev = devices[dev_id]
354 saved_driver = None # used to rollback any unbind in case of failure
356 # prevent disconnection of our ssh session
357 if dev["Ssh_if"] and not force:
358 print("Routing table indicates that interface %s is active. "
359 "Not modifying" % (dev_id))
362 # unbind any existing drivers we don't want
363 if has_driver(dev_id):
364 if dev["Driver_str"] == driver:
365 print("%s already bound to driver %s, skipping\n"
369 saved_driver = dev["Driver_str"]
370 unbind_one(dev_id, force)
371 dev["Driver_str"] = "" # clear driver string
373 # if we are binding to one of DPDK drivers, add PCI id's to that driver
374 if driver in dpdk_drivers:
375 filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/new_id" % driver
377 f = open(filename, "w")
379 print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot open %s"
380 % (dev_id, filename))
383 f.write("%04x %04x" % (dev["Vendor"], dev["Device"]))
386 print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot write new PCI ID to "
387 "driver %s" % (dev_id, driver))
390 # do the bind by writing to /sys
391 filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/bind" % driver
393 f = open(filename, "a")
395 print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot open %s"
396 % (dev_id, filename))
397 if saved_driver is not None: # restore any previous driver
398 bind_one(dev_id, saved_driver, force)
404 # for some reason, closing dev_id after adding a new PCI ID to new_id
405 # results in IOError. however, if the device was successfully bound,
406 # we don't care for any errors and can safely ignore IOError
407 tmp = get_pci_device_details(dev_id)
408 if "Driver_str" in tmp and tmp["Driver_str"] == driver:
410 print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot bind to driver %s"
412 if saved_driver is not None: # restore any previous driver
413 bind_one(dev_id, saved_driver, force)
417 def unbind_all(dev_list, force=False):
418 """Unbind method, takes a list of device locations"""
419 dev_list = map(dev_id_from_dev_name, dev_list)
424 def bind_all(dev_list, driver, force=False):
425 """Bind method, takes a list of device locations"""
428 dev_list = map(dev_id_from_dev_name, dev_list)
431 bind_one(d, driver, force)
433 # when binding devices to a generic driver (i.e. one that doesn't have a
434 # PCI ID table), some devices that are not bound to any other driver could
435 # be bound even if no one has asked them to. hence, we check the list of
436 # drivers again, and see if some of the previously-unbound devices were
438 for d in devices.keys():
439 # skip devices that were already bound or that we know should be bound
440 if "Driver_str" in devices[d] or d in dev_list:
443 # update information about this device
444 devices[d] = dict(devices[d].items() +
445 get_pci_device_details(d).items())
447 # check if updated information indicates that the device was bound
448 if "Driver_str" in devices[d]:
452 def display_devices(title, dev_list, extra_params=None):
453 '''Displays to the user the details of a list of devices given in
454 "dev_list". The "extra_params" parameter, if given, should contain a string
455 with %()s fields in it for replacement by the named fields in each
456 device's dictionary.'''
457 strings = [] # this holds the strings to print. We sort before printing
458 print("\n%s" % title)
459 print("="*len(title))
460 if len(dev_list) == 0:
461 strings.append("<none>")
464 if extra_params is not None:
465 strings.append("%s '%s' %s" % (dev["Slot"],
466 dev["Device_str"], extra_params % dev))
468 strings.append("%s '%s'" % (dev["Slot"], dev["Device_str"]))
469 # sort before printing, so that the entries appear in PCI order
471 print("\n".join(strings)) # print one per line
475 '''Function called when the script is passed the "--status" option.
476 Displays to the user what devices are bound to the igb_uio driver, the
477 kernel driver or to no driver'''
483 # split our list of devices into the three categories above
484 for d in devices.keys():
485 if not has_driver(d):
486 no_drv.append(devices[d])
488 if devices[d]["Driver_str"] in dpdk_drivers:
489 dpdk_drv.append(devices[d])
491 kernel_drv.append(devices[d])
493 # print each category separately, so we can clearly see what's used by DPDK
494 display_devices("Network devices using DPDK-compatible driver", dpdk_drv,
495 "drv=%(Driver_str)s unused=%(Module_str)s")
496 display_devices("Network devices using kernel driver", kernel_drv,
497 "if=%(Interface)s drv=%(Driver_str)s "
498 "unused=%(Module_str)s %(Active)s")
499 display_devices("Other network devices", no_drv, "unused=%(Module_str)s")
503 '''Parses the command-line arguments given by the user and takes the
504 appropriate action for each'''
509 if len(sys.argv) <= 1:
514 opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "b:us",
515 ["help", "usage", "status", "force",
517 except getopt.GetoptError as error:
519 print("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
522 for opt, arg in opts:
523 if opt == "--help" or opt == "--usage":
526 if opt == "--status" or opt == "-s":
530 if opt == "-b" or opt == "-u" or opt == "--bind" or opt == "--unbind":
531 if b_flag is not None:
532 print("Error - Only one bind or unbind may be specified\n")
534 if opt == "-u" or opt == "--unbind":
540 def do_arg_actions():
541 '''do the actual action requested by the user'''
547 if b_flag is None and not status_flag:
548 print("Error: No action specified for devices."
549 "Please give a -b or -u option")
550 print("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
553 if b_flag is not None and len(args) == 0:
554 print("Error: No devices specified.")
555 print("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
558 if b_flag == "none" or b_flag == "None":
559 unbind_all(args, force_flag)
560 elif b_flag is not None:
561 bind_all(args, b_flag, force_flag)
563 if b_flag is not None:
564 get_nic_details() # refresh if we have changed anything
569 '''program main function'''
575 if __name__ == "__main__":