1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
2 Copyright(c) 2018 Intel Corporation.
7 The ``ntb`` rawdev driver provides a non-transparent bridge between two
8 separate hosts so that they can communicate with each other. Thus, many
9 user cases can benefit from this, such as fault tolerance and visual
12 This PMD allows two hosts to handshake for device start and stop, memory
13 allocation for the peer to access and read/write allocated memory from peer.
14 Also, the PMD allows to use doorbell registers to notify the peer and share
15 some information by using scratchpad registers.
17 BIOS setting on Intel Xeon
18 --------------------------
20 Intel Non-transparent Bridge needs special BIOS setting. The referencce for
21 Skylake is https://www.intel.com/content/dam/support/us/en/documents/server-products/Intel_Xeon_Processor_Scalable_Family_BIOS_User_Guide.pdf
23 - Set the needed PCIe port as NTB to NTB mode on both hosts.
24 - Enable NTB bars and set bar size of bar 23 and bar 45 as 12-29 (4K-512M)
25 on both hosts (for Ice Lake, bar size can be set as 12-51, namely 4K-128PB).
26 Note that bar size on both hosts should be the same.
27 - Disable split bars for both hosts.
28 - Set crosslink control override as DSD/USP on one host, USD/DSP on
30 - Disable PCIe PII SSC (Spread Spectrum Clocking) for both hosts. This
31 is a hardware requirement.
37 The Intel NTB devices need to be bound to a DPDK-supported kernel driver
38 to use, i.e. igb_uio, vfio. The ``dpdk-devbind.py`` script can be used to
39 show devices status and to bind them to a suitable kernel driver. They will
40 appear under the category of "Misc (rawdev) devices".
45 NTB PMD needs kernel PCI driver to support write combining (WC) to get
46 better performance. The difference will be more than 10 times.
47 To enable WC, there are 2 ways.
49 - Insert igb_uio with ``wc_activate=1`` flag if use igb_uio driver.
51 .. code-block:: console
53 insmod igb_uio.ko wc_activate=1
55 - Enable WC for NTB device's Bar 2 and Bar 4 (Mapped memory) manually.
56 The reference is https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/x86/mtrr.html
57 Get bar base address using ``lspci -vvv -s ae:00.0 | grep Region``.
59 .. code-block:: console
61 # lspci -vvv -s ae:00.0 | grep Region
62 Region 0: Memory at 39bfe0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=64K]
63 Region 2: Memory at 39bfa0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=512M]
64 Region 4: Memory at 39bfc0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=512M]
66 Using the following command to enable WC.
68 .. code-block:: console
70 echo "base=0x39bfa0000000 size=0x20000000 type=write-combining" >> /proc/mtrr
71 echo "base=0x39bfc0000000 size=0x20000000 type=write-combining" >> /proc/mtrr
75 .. code-block:: console
78 reg00: base=0x000000000 ( 0MB), size= 2048MB, count=1: write-back
79 reg01: base=0x07f000000 ( 2032MB), size= 16MB, count=1: uncachable
80 reg02: base=0x39bfa0000000 (60553728MB), size= 512MB, count=1: write-combining
81 reg03: base=0x39bfc0000000 (60554240MB), size= 512MB, count=1: write-combining
83 To disable WC for these regions, using the following.
85 .. code-block:: console
87 echo "disable=2" >> /proc/mtrr
88 echo "disable=3" >> /proc/mtrr
93 Since read/write remote system's memory are through PCI bus, remote read
94 is much more expensive than remote write. Thus, the enqueue and dequeue
95 based on ntb ring should avoid remote read. The ring layout for ntb is
103 +---------------------------------------------------------------+
105 +---------------+-----------------------------------------------+
106 | buffer length | resv |
107 +---------------+-----------------------------------------------+
112 +---------------+---------------+
113 | packet length | flags |
114 +---------------+---------------+
118 +------------------------+ +------------------------+
119 | used_ring | | desc_ring |
122 | +---+ +--------+ | | +---+ |
123 | | | ---> | buffer | <+---+-| | |
124 | +---+ +--------+ | | +---+ |
129 | +---------+ | | +---------+ |
130 | | tx_tail | | | | rx_tail | |
131 | System A +---------+ | | System B +---------+ |
132 +------------------------+ +------------------------+
133 <---------traffic---------
135 - Enqueue and Dequeue
136 Based on this ring layout, enqueue reads rx_tail to get how many free
137 buffers and writes used_ring and tx_tail to tell the peer which buffers
138 are filled with data.
139 And dequeue reads tx_tail to get how many packets are arrived, and
140 writes desc_ring and rx_tail to tell the peer about the new allocated
142 So in this way, only remote write happens and remote read can be avoid
143 to get better performance.
148 - This PMD only supports Intel Skylake and Ice Lake platforms.