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35 import sys, os, getopt, subprocess
36 from os.path import exists, abspath, dirname, basename
39 # The PCI device class for ETHERNET devices
40 ETHERNET_CLASS = "0200"
42 # global dict ethernet devices present. Dictionary indexed by PCI address.
43 # Each device within this is itself a dictionary of device properties
45 # list of supported DPDK drivers
46 dpdk_drivers = [ "igb_uio", "vfio-pci", "uio_pci_generic" ]
48 # command-line arg flags
55 '''Print usage information for the program'''
56 argv0 = basename(sys.argv[0])
61 %(argv0)s [options] DEVICE1 DEVICE2 ....
63 where DEVICE1, DEVICE2 etc, are specified via PCI "domain:bus:slot.func" syntax
64 or "bus:slot.func" syntax. For devices bound to Linux kernel drivers, they may
65 also be referred to by Linux interface name e.g. eth0, eth1, em0, em1, etc.
69 Display usage information and quit
72 Print the current status of all known network interfaces.
73 For each device, it displays the PCI domain, bus, slot and function,
74 along with a text description of the device. Depending upon whether the
75 device is being used by a kernel driver, the igb_uio driver, or no
76 driver, other relevant information will be displayed:
77 * the Linux interface name e.g. if=eth0
78 * the driver being used e.g. drv=igb_uio
79 * any suitable drivers not currently using that device
81 NOTE: if this flag is passed along with a bind/unbind option, the status
82 display will always occur after the other operations have taken place.
84 -b driver, --bind=driver:
85 Select the driver to use or \"none\" to unbind the device
88 Unbind a device (Equivalent to \"-b none\")
91 By default, devices which are used by Linux - as indicated by having
92 routes in the routing table - cannot be modified. Using the --force
93 flag overrides this behavior, allowing active links to be forcibly
95 WARNING: This can lead to loss of network connection and should be used
101 To display current device status:
104 To bind eth1 from the current driver and move to use igb_uio
105 %(argv0)s --bind=igb_uio eth1
107 To unbind 0000:01:00.0 from using any driver
108 %(argv0)s -u 0000:01:00.0
110 To bind 0000:02:00.0 and 0000:02:00.1 to the ixgbe kernel driver
111 %(argv0)s -b ixgbe 02:00.0 02:00.1
113 """ % locals()) # replace items from local variables
115 # This is roughly compatible with check_output function in subprocess module
116 # which is only available in python 2.7.
117 def check_output(args, stderr=None):
118 '''Run a command and capture its output'''
119 return subprocess.Popen(args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
120 stderr=stderr).communicate()[0]
122 def find_module(mod):
123 '''find the .ko file for kernel module named mod.
124 Searches the $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET directory, the kernel
125 modules directory and finally under the parent directory of
127 # check $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET directory
128 if 'RTE_SDK' in os.environ and 'RTE_TARGET' in os.environ:
129 path = "%s/%s/kmod/%s.ko" % (os.environ['RTE_SDK'],\
130 os.environ['RTE_TARGET'], mod)
136 depmod_out = check_output(["modinfo", "-n", mod], \
137 stderr=subprocess.STDOUT).lower()
138 if "error" not in depmod_out:
139 path = depmod_out.strip()
142 except: # if modinfo can't find module, it fails, so continue
145 # check for a copy based off current path
146 tools_dir = dirname(abspath(sys.argv[0]))
147 if (tools_dir.endswith("tools")):
148 base_dir = dirname(tools_dir)
149 find_out = check_output(["find", base_dir, "-name", mod + ".ko"])
150 if len(find_out) > 0: #something matched
151 path = find_out.splitlines()[0]
156 '''Checks that igb_uio is loaded'''
159 # list of supported modules
160 mods = [{"Name" : driver, "Found" : False} for driver in dpdk_drivers]
162 # first check if module is loaded
164 # Get list of sysfs modules (both built-in and dynamically loaded)
165 sysfs_path = '/sys/module/'
167 # Get the list of directories in sysfs_path
168 sysfs_mods = [os.path.join(sysfs_path, o) for o
169 in os.listdir(sysfs_path)
170 if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(sysfs_path, o))]
172 # Extract the last element of '/sys/module/abc' in the array
173 sysfs_mods = [a.split('/')[-1] for a in sysfs_mods]
175 # special case for vfio_pci (module is named vfio-pci,
176 # but its .ko is named vfio_pci)
177 sysfs_mods = map(lambda a:
178 a if a != 'vfio_pci' else 'vfio-pci', sysfs_mods)
181 if mod["Name"] in sysfs_mods:
186 # check if we have at least one loaded module
187 if True not in [mod["Found"] for mod in mods] and b_flag is not None:
188 if b_flag in dpdk_drivers:
189 print ("Error - no supported modules(DPDK driver) are loaded")
192 print ("Warning - no supported modules(DPDK driver) are loaded")
194 # change DPDK driver list to only contain drivers that are loaded
195 dpdk_drivers = [mod["Name"] for mod in mods if mod["Found"]]
197 def has_driver(dev_id):
198 '''return true if a device is assigned to a driver. False otherwise'''
199 return "Driver_str" in devices[dev_id]
201 def get_pci_device_details(dev_id):
202 '''This function gets additional details for a PCI device'''
205 extra_info = check_output(["lspci", "-vmmks", dev_id]).splitlines()
207 # parse lspci details
208 for line in extra_info:
211 name, value = line.decode().split("\t", 1)
212 name = name.strip(":") + "_str"
214 # check for a unix interface name
215 sys_path = "/sys/bus/pci/devices/%s/net/" % dev_id
217 device["Interface"] = ",".join(os.listdir(sys_path))
219 device["Interface"] = ""
220 # check if a port is used for ssh connection
221 device["Ssh_if"] = False
222 device["Active"] = ""
226 def get_nic_details():
227 '''This function populates the "devices" dictionary. The keys used are
228 the pci addresses (domain:bus:slot.func). The values are themselves
229 dictionaries - one for each NIC.'''
235 # first loop through and read details for all devices
236 # request machine readable format, with numeric IDs
238 dev_lines = check_output(["lspci", "-Dvmmn"]).splitlines()
239 for dev_line in dev_lines:
240 if (len(dev_line) == 0):
241 if dev["Class"] == ETHERNET_CLASS:
242 #convert device and vendor ids to numbers, then add to global
243 dev["Vendor"] = int(dev["Vendor"],16)
244 dev["Device"] = int(dev["Device"],16)
245 devices[dev["Slot"]] = dict(dev) # use dict to make copy of dev
247 name, value = dev_line.decode().split("\t", 1)
248 dev[name.rstrip(":")] = value
250 # check what is the interface if any for an ssh connection if
251 # any to this host, so we can mark it later.
253 route = check_output(["ip", "-o", "route"])
254 # filter out all lines for 169.254 routes
255 route = "\n".join(filter(lambda ln: not ln.startswith("169.254"),
256 route.decode().splitlines()))
257 rt_info = route.split()
258 for i in range(len(rt_info) - 1):
259 if rt_info[i] == "dev":
260 ssh_if.append(rt_info[i+1])
262 # based on the basic info, get extended text details
263 for d in devices.keys():
264 # get additional info and add it to existing data
265 devices[d] = devices[d].copy()
266 devices[d].update(get_pci_device_details(d).items())
269 if _if in devices[d]["Interface"].split(","):
270 devices[d]["Ssh_if"] = True
271 devices[d]["Active"] = "*Active*"
274 # add igb_uio to list of supporting modules if needed
275 if "Module_str" in devices[d]:
276 for driver in dpdk_drivers:
277 if driver not in devices[d]["Module_str"]:
278 devices[d]["Module_str"] = devices[d]["Module_str"] + ",%s" % driver
280 devices[d]["Module_str"] = ",".join(dpdk_drivers)
282 # make sure the driver and module strings do not have any duplicates
284 modules = devices[d]["Module_str"].split(",")
285 if devices[d]["Driver_str"] in modules:
286 modules.remove(devices[d]["Driver_str"])
287 devices[d]["Module_str"] = ",".join(modules)
289 def dev_id_from_dev_name(dev_name):
290 '''Take a device "name" - a string passed in by user to identify a NIC
291 device, and determine the device id - i.e. the domain:bus:slot.func - for
292 it, which can then be used to index into the devices array'''
294 # check if it's already a suitable index
295 if dev_name in devices:
297 # check if it's an index just missing the domain part
298 elif "0000:" + dev_name in devices:
299 return "0000:" + dev_name
301 # check if it's an interface name, e.g. eth1
302 for d in devices.keys():
303 if dev_name in devices[d]["Interface"].split(","):
304 return devices[d]["Slot"]
305 # if nothing else matches - error
306 print ("Unknown device: %s. " \
307 "Please specify device in \"bus:slot.func\" format" % dev_name)
310 def unbind_one(dev_id, force):
311 '''Unbind the device identified by "dev_id" from its current driver'''
312 dev = devices[dev_id]
313 if not has_driver(dev_id):
314 print ("%s %s %s is not currently managed by any driver\n" % \
315 (dev["Slot"], dev["Device_str"], dev["Interface"]))
318 # prevent us disconnecting ourselves
319 if dev["Ssh_if"] and not force:
320 print ("Routing table indicates that interface %s is active" \
321 ". Skipping unbind" % (dev_id))
324 # write to /sys to unbind
325 filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/unbind" % dev["Driver_str"]
327 f = open(filename, "a")
329 print ("Error: unbind failed for %s - Cannot open %s" % (dev_id, filename))
334 def bind_one(dev_id, driver, force):
335 '''Bind the device given by "dev_id" to the driver "driver". If the device
336 is already bound to a different driver, it will be unbound first'''
337 dev = devices[dev_id]
338 saved_driver = None # used to rollback any unbind in case of failure
340 # prevent disconnection of our ssh session
341 if dev["Ssh_if"] and not force:
342 print ("Routing table indicates that interface %s is active" \
343 ". Not modifying" % (dev_id))
346 # unbind any existing drivers we don't want
347 if has_driver(dev_id):
348 if dev["Driver_str"] == driver:
349 print ("%s already bound to driver %s, skipping\n" % (dev_id, driver))
352 saved_driver = dev["Driver_str"]
353 unbind_one(dev_id, force)
354 dev["Driver_str"] = "" # clear driver string
356 # if we are binding to one of DPDK drivers, add PCI id's to that driver
357 if driver in dpdk_drivers:
358 filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/new_id" % driver
360 f = open(filename, "w")
362 print ("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot open %s" % (dev_id, filename))
365 f.write("%04x %04x" % (dev["Vendor"], dev["Device"]))
368 print ("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot write new PCI ID to " \
369 "driver %s" % (dev_id, driver))
372 # do the bind by writing to /sys
373 filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/bind" % driver
375 f = open(filename, "a")
377 print ("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot open %s" % (dev_id, filename))
378 if saved_driver is not None: # restore any previous driver
379 bind_one(dev_id, saved_driver, force)
385 # for some reason, closing dev_id after adding a new PCI ID to new_id
386 # results in IOError. however, if the device was successfully bound,
387 # we don't care for any errors and can safely ignore IOError
388 tmp = get_pci_device_details(dev_id)
389 if "Driver_str" in tmp and tmp["Driver_str"] == driver:
391 print ("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot bind to driver %s" % (dev_id, driver))
392 if saved_driver is not None: # restore any previous driver
393 bind_one(dev_id, saved_driver, force)
397 def unbind_all(dev_list, force=False):
398 """Unbind method, takes a list of device locations"""
399 dev_list = map(dev_id_from_dev_name, dev_list)
403 def bind_all(dev_list, driver, force=False):
404 """Bind method, takes a list of device locations"""
407 dev_list = map(dev_id_from_dev_name, dev_list)
410 bind_one(d, driver, force)
412 # when binding devices to a generic driver (i.e. one that doesn't have a
413 # PCI ID table), some devices that are not bound to any other driver could
414 # be bound even if no one has asked them to. hence, we check the list of
415 # drivers again, and see if some of the previously-unbound devices were
417 for d in devices.keys():
418 # skip devices that were already bound or that we know should be bound
419 if "Driver_str" in devices[d] or d in dev_list:
422 # update information about this device
423 devices[d] = dict(devices[d].items() +
424 get_pci_device_details(d).items())
426 # check if updated information indicates that the device was bound
427 if "Driver_str" in devices[d]:
430 def display_devices(title, dev_list, extra_params = None):
431 '''Displays to the user the details of a list of devices given in "dev_list"
432 The "extra_params" parameter, if given, should contain a string with
433 %()s fields in it for replacement by the named fields in each device's
435 strings = [] # this holds the strings to print. We sort before printing
436 print ("\n%s" % title)
437 print ("="*len(title))
438 if len(dev_list) == 0:
439 strings.append("<none>")
442 if extra_params is not None:
443 strings.append("%s '%s' %s" % (dev["Slot"], \
444 dev["Device_str"], extra_params % dev))
446 strings.append("%s '%s'" % (dev["Slot"], dev["Device_str"]))
447 # sort before printing, so that the entries appear in PCI order
449 print ("\n".join(strings)) # print one per line
452 '''Function called when the script is passed the "--status" option. Displays
453 to the user what devices are bound to the igb_uio driver, the kernel driver
460 # split our list of devices into the three categories above
461 for d in devices.keys():
462 if not has_driver(d):
463 no_drv.append(devices[d])
465 if devices[d]["Driver_str"] in dpdk_drivers:
466 dpdk_drv.append(devices[d])
468 kernel_drv.append(devices[d])
470 # print each category separately, so we can clearly see what's used by DPDK
471 display_devices("Network devices using DPDK-compatible driver", dpdk_drv, \
472 "drv=%(Driver_str)s unused=%(Module_str)s")
473 display_devices("Network devices using kernel driver", kernel_drv,
474 "if=%(Interface)s drv=%(Driver_str)s unused=%(Module_str)s %(Active)s")
475 display_devices("Other network devices", no_drv,\
476 "unused=%(Module_str)s")
479 '''Parses the command-line arguments given by the user and takes the
480 appropriate action for each'''
485 if len(sys.argv) <= 1:
490 opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "b:us",
491 ["help", "usage", "status", "force",
493 except (getopt.GetoptError, error):
495 print ("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
498 for opt, arg in opts:
499 if opt == "--help" or opt == "--usage":
502 if opt == "--status" or opt == "-s":
506 if opt == "-b" or opt == "-u" or opt == "--bind" or opt == "--unbind":
507 if b_flag is not None:
508 print ("Error - Only one bind or unbind may be specified\n")
510 if opt == "-u" or opt == "--unbind":
515 def do_arg_actions():
516 '''do the actual action requested by the user'''
522 if b_flag is None and not status_flag:
523 print ("Error: No action specified for devices. Please give a -b or -u option")
524 print ("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
527 if b_flag is not None and len(args) == 0:
528 print ("Error: No devices specified.")
529 print ("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
532 if b_flag == "none" or b_flag == "None":
533 unbind_all(args, force_flag)
534 elif b_flag is not None:
535 bind_all(args, b_flag, force_flag)
537 if b_flag is not None:
538 get_nic_details() # refresh if we have changed anything
542 '''program main function'''
548 if __name__ == "__main__":