vhost: move from examples to dedicated library
authorHuawei Xie <huawei.xie@intel.com>
Wed, 8 Oct 2014 18:54:35 +0000 (02:54 +0800)
committerThomas Monjalon <thomas.monjalon@6wind.com>
Mon, 13 Oct 2014 17:10:09 +0000 (19:10 +0200)
Those files will be refactored in subsequent patches to form user space
vhost library.
Makefile and main.h are removed.
main.c is renamed to vhost_rxtx.c and will provide vring enqueue/dequeue API.
virtio-net.h is renamed to rte_virtio_net.h which is the API header file.

Signed-off-by: Huawei Xie <huawei.xie@intel.com>
Acked-by: Changchun Ouyang <changchun.ouyang@intel.com>
[Thomas: remove from examples Makefile and merge file renaming]

21 files changed:
examples/Makefile
examples/vhost/Makefile [deleted file]
examples/vhost/eventfd_link/Makefile [deleted file]
examples/vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.c [deleted file]
examples/vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h [deleted file]
examples/vhost/libvirt/qemu-wrap.py [deleted file]
examples/vhost/main.c [deleted file]
examples/vhost/main.h [deleted file]
examples/vhost/vhost-net-cdev.c [deleted file]
examples/vhost/vhost-net-cdev.h [deleted file]
examples/vhost/virtio-net.c [deleted file]
examples/vhost/virtio-net.h [deleted file]
lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/Makefile [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.c [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/librte_vhost/libvirt/qemu-wrap.py [new file with mode: 0755]
lib/librte_vhost/rte_virtio_net.h [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/librte_vhost/vhost-net-cdev.c [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/librte_vhost/vhost-net-cdev.h [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/librte_vhost/vhost_rxtx.c [new file with mode: 0644]
lib/librte_vhost/virtio-net.c [new file with mode: 0644]

index 6245f83..110194d 100644 (file)
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ DIRS-$(CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_METER) += qos_meter
 DIRS-$(CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_SCHED) += qos_sched
 DIRS-y += quota_watermark
 DIRS-y += timer
-DIRS-y += vhost
 DIRS-$(CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_XEN_DOM0) += vhost_xen
 DIRS-y += vmdq
 DIRS-y += vmdq_dcb
diff --git a/examples/vhost/Makefile b/examples/vhost/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index f45f83f..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-#   BSD LICENSE
-#
-#   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
-#   All rights reserved.
-#
-#   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-#   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-#   are met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
-#       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-#       distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
-#       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
-#       from this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-#   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-#   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-#   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-#   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-#   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-#   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-#   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-#   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-#   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-#   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-#   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-ifeq ($(RTE_SDK),)
-$(error "Please define RTE_SDK environment variable")
-endif
-
-# Default target, can be overriden by command line or environment
-RTE_TARGET ?= x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc
-
-include $(RTE_SDK)/mk/rte.vars.mk
-
-ifneq ($(CONFIG_RTE_EXEC_ENV),"linuxapp")
-$(info This application can only operate in a linuxapp environment, \
-please change the definition of the RTE_TARGET environment variable)
-all:
-else
-
-# binary name
-APP = vhost-switch
-
-# all source are stored in SRCS-y
-#SRCS-y := cusedrv.c loopback-userspace.c
-SRCS-y := main.c virtio-net.c vhost-net-cdev.c
-
-CFLAGS += -O2 -I/usr/local/include -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -Wno-unused-parameter
-CFLAGS += $(WERROR_FLAGS)
-LDFLAGS += -lfuse
-
-include $(RTE_SDK)/mk/rte.extapp.mk
-
-endif
diff --git a/examples/vhost/eventfd_link/Makefile b/examples/vhost/eventfd_link/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index fc3927b..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#   BSD LICENSE
-#
-#   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
-#   All rights reserved.
-#
-#   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-#   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-#   are met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
-#       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-#       distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
-#       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
-#       from this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-#   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-#   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-#   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-#   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-#   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-#   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-#   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-#   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-#   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-#   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-#   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-obj-m += eventfd_link.o
-
-
-all:
-       make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
-
-clean:
-       make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
diff --git a/examples/vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.c b/examples/vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index fc0653a..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *  * GPL LICENSE SUMMARY
- *  *
- *  *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *  *
- *  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  *   it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
- *  *   published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *  *
- *  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- *  *   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- *  *   General Public License for more details.
- *  *
- *  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  *   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *  *   The full GNU General Public License is included in this distribution
- *  *   in the file called LICENSE.GPL.
- *  *
- *  *   Contact Information:
- *  *   Intel Corporation
- *   */
-
-#include <linux/eventfd.h>
-#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
-#include <linux/module.h>
-#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
-#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
-#include <linux/file.h>
-#include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/fs.h>
-#include <linux/mmu_context.h>
-#include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
-#include <linux/fdtable.h>
-
-#include "eventfd_link.h"
-
-
-/*
- * get_files_struct is copied from fs/file.c
- */
-struct files_struct *
-get_files_struct (struct task_struct *task)
-{
-       struct files_struct *files;
-
-       task_lock (task);
-       files = task->files;
-       if (files)
-               atomic_inc (&files->count);
-       task_unlock (task);
-
-       return files;
-}
-
-/*
- * put_files_struct is extracted from fs/file.c
- */
-void
-put_files_struct (struct files_struct *files)
-{
-       if (atomic_dec_and_test (&files->count))
-       {
-               BUG ();
-       }
-}
-
-
-static long
-eventfd_link_ioctl (struct file *f, unsigned int ioctl, unsigned long arg)
-{
-       void __user *argp = (void __user *) arg;
-       struct task_struct *task_target = NULL;
-       struct file *file;
-       struct files_struct *files;
-       struct fdtable *fdt;
-       struct eventfd_copy eventfd_copy;
-
-       switch (ioctl)
-       {
-               case EVENTFD_COPY:
-                       if (copy_from_user (&eventfd_copy, argp, sizeof (struct eventfd_copy)))
-                               return -EFAULT;
-
-                       /*
-                        * Find the task struct for the target pid
-                        */
-                       task_target =
-                               pid_task (find_vpid (eventfd_copy.target_pid), PIDTYPE_PID);
-                       if (task_target == NULL)
-                       {
-                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get mem ctx for target pid\n");
-                               return -EFAULT;
-                       }
-
-                       files = get_files_struct (current);
-                       if (files == NULL)
-                       {
-                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get files struct\n");
-                               return -EFAULT;
-                       }
-
-                       rcu_read_lock ();
-                       file = fcheck_files (files, eventfd_copy.source_fd);
-                       if (file)
-                       {
-                               if (file->f_mode & FMODE_PATH
-                                               || !atomic_long_inc_not_zero (&file->f_count))
-                                       file = NULL;
-                       }
-                       rcu_read_unlock ();
-                       put_files_struct (files);
-
-                       if (file == NULL)
-                       {
-                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get file from source pid\n");
-                               return 0;
-                       }
-
-                       /*
-                        * Release the existing eventfd in the source process
-                        */
-                       spin_lock (&files->file_lock);
-                       filp_close (file, files);
-                       fdt = files_fdtable (files);
-                       fdt->fd[eventfd_copy.source_fd] = NULL;
-                       spin_unlock (&files->file_lock);
-
-                       /*
-                        * Find the file struct associated with the target fd.
-                        */
-
-                       files = get_files_struct (task_target);
-                       if (files == NULL)
-                       {
-                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get files struct\n");
-                               return -EFAULT;
-                       }
-
-                       rcu_read_lock ();
-                       file = fcheck_files (files, eventfd_copy.target_fd);
-                       if (file)
-                       {
-                               if (file->f_mode & FMODE_PATH
-                                               || !atomic_long_inc_not_zero (&file->f_count))
-                                       file = NULL;
-                       }
-                       rcu_read_unlock ();
-                       put_files_struct (files);
-
-                       if (file == NULL)
-                       {
-                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get file from target pid\n");
-                               return 0;
-                       }
-
-
-                       /*
-                        * Install the file struct from the target process into the
-                        * file desciptor of the source process,
-                        */
-
-                       fd_install (eventfd_copy.source_fd, file);
-
-                       return 0;
-
-               default:
-                       return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
-       }
-}
-
-static const struct file_operations eventfd_link_fops = {
-       .owner = THIS_MODULE,
-       .unlocked_ioctl = eventfd_link_ioctl,
-};
-
-
-static struct miscdevice eventfd_link_misc = {
-       .name = "eventfd-link",
-       .fops = &eventfd_link_fops,
-};
-
-static int __init
-eventfd_link_init (void)
-{
-       return misc_register (&eventfd_link_misc);
-}
-
-module_init (eventfd_link_init);
-
-static void __exit
-eventfd_link_exit (void)
-{
-       misc_deregister (&eventfd_link_misc);
-}
-
-module_exit (eventfd_link_exit);
-
-MODULE_VERSION ("0.0.1");
-MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL v2");
-MODULE_AUTHOR ("Anthony Fee");
-MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("Link eventfd");
-MODULE_ALIAS ("devname:eventfd-link");
diff --git a/examples/vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h b/examples/vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index a32a8dd..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *  * This file is provided under a dual BSD/GPLv2 license.  When using or
- *  *   redistributing this file, you may do so under either license.
- *  *
- *  *   GPL LICENSE SUMMARY
- *  *
- *  *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *  *
- *  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *  *   it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
- *  *   published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *  *
- *  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- *  *   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- *  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- *  *   General Public License for more details.
- *  *
- *  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- *  *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  *   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *  *   The full GNU General Public License is included in this distribution
- *  *   in the file called LICENSE.GPL.
- *  *
- *  *   Contact Information:
- *  *   Intel Corporation
- *  *
- *  *   BSD LICENSE
- *  *
- *  *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *  *   All rights reserved.
- *  *
- *  *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- *  *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- *  *   are met:
- *  *
- *  *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *  *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *  *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *  *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *  *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *  *       distribution.
- *  *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
- *  *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *  *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *  *
- *  *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- *  *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *  *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- *  *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- *  *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- *  *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *  *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- *  *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- *  *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *  *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- *  *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- *  *
- *   */
-
-#ifndef _EVENTFD_LINK_H_
-#define _EVENTFD_LINK_H_
-
-/*
- *     ioctl to copy an fd entry in calling process to an fd in a target process
- */
-#define EVENTFD_COPY 1
-
-/*
- *     arguements for the EVENTFD_COPY ioctl
- */
-struct eventfd_copy {
-       // fd in the target pid
-    unsigned target_fd;
-       // fd in the calling pid
-    unsigned source_fd;
-       // pid of the target pid
-    pid_t target_pid;
-};
-#endif /* _EVENTFD_LINK_H_ */
diff --git a/examples/vhost/libvirt/qemu-wrap.py b/examples/vhost/libvirt/qemu-wrap.py
deleted file mode 100755 (executable)
index e2d68a0..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,367 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/python
-#/*
-# *   BSD LICENSE
-# *
-# *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
-# *   All rights reserved.
-# *
-# *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-# *   are met:
-# *
-# *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-# *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-# *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
-# *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# *       distribution.
-# *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
-# *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
-# *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
-# *
-# *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-# */
-
-#####################################################################
-# This script is designed to modify the call to the QEMU emulator
-# to support userspace vhost when starting a guest machine through
-# libvirt with vhost enabled. The steps to enable this are as follows
-# and should be run as root:
-#
-# 1. Place this script in a libvirtd's binary search PATH ($PATH)
-#    A good location would be in the same directory that the QEMU
-#    binary is located
-#
-# 2. Ensure that the script has the same owner/group and file
-#    permissions as the QEMU binary
-#
-# 3. Update the VM xml file using "virsh edit VM.xml"
-#
-#    3.a) Set the VM to use the launch script
-#
-#      Set the emulator path contained in the
-#              <emulator><emulator/> tags
-#
-#      e.g replace <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-kvm<emulator/>
-#        with    <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-wrap.py<emulator/>
-#
-#       3.b) Set the VM's device's to use vhost-net offload
-#
-#              <interface type="network">
-#              <model type="virtio"/>
-#              <driver name="vhost"/>
-#              <interface/>
-#
-# 4. Enable libvirt to access our userpace device file by adding it to
-#    controllers cgroup for libvirtd using the following steps
-#
-#   4.a) In /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf add/edit the following lines:
-#         1) cgroup_controllers = [ ... "devices", ... ]
-#                2) clear_emulator_capabilities = 0
-#         3) user = "root"
-#         4) group = "root"
-#         5) cgroup_device_acl = [
-#                "/dev/null", "/dev/full", "/dev/zero",
-#                "/dev/random", "/dev/urandom",
-#                "/dev/ptmx", "/dev/kvm", "/dev/kqemu",
-#                "/dev/rtc", "/dev/hpet", "/dev/net/tun",
-#                "/dev/<devbase-name>-<index>",
-#            ]
-#
-#   4.b) Disable SELinux or set to permissive mode
-#
-#   4.c) Mount cgroup device controller
-#        "mkdir /dev/cgroup"
-#        "mount -t cgroup none /dev/cgroup -o devices"
-#
-#   4.d) Set hugetlbfs_mount variable - ( Optional )
-#        VMs using userspace vhost must use hugepage backed
-#        memory. This can be enabled in the libvirt XML
-#        config by adding a memory backing section to the
-#        XML config e.g.
-#             <memoryBacking>
-#             <hugepages/>
-#             </memoryBacking>
-#        This memory backing section should be added after the
-#        <memory> and <currentMemory> sections. This will add
-#        flags "-mem-prealloc -mem-path <path>" to the QEMU
-#        command line. The hugetlbfs_mount variable can be used
-#        to override the default <path> passed through by libvirt.
-#
-#        if "-mem-prealloc" or "-mem-path <path>" are not passed
-#        through and a vhost device is detected then these options will
-#        be automatically added by this script. This script will detect
-#        the system hugetlbfs mount point to be used for <path>. The
-#        default <path> for this script can be overidden by the
-#        hugetlbfs_dir variable in the configuration section of this script.
-#
-#
-#   4.e) Restart the libvirtd system process
-#        e.g. on Fedora "systemctl restart libvirtd.service"
-#
-#
-#   4.f) Edit the Configuration Parameters section of this script
-#        to point to the correct emulator location and set any
-#        addition options
-#
-# The script modifies the libvirtd Qemu call by modifying/adding
-# options based on the configuration parameters below.
-# NOTE:
-#     emul_path and us_vhost_path must be set
-#     All other parameters are optional
-#####################################################################
-
-
-#############################################
-# Configuration Parameters
-#############################################
-#Path to QEMU binary
-emul_path = "/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-x86_64"
-
-#Path to userspace vhost device file
-# This filename should match the --dev-basename --dev-index parameters of
-# the command used to launch the userspace vhost sample application e.g.
-# if the sample app lauch command is:
-#    ./build/vhost-switch ..... --dev-basename usvhost --dev-index 1
-# then this variable should be set to:
-#   us_vhost_path = "/dev/usvhost-1"
-us_vhost_path = "/dev/usvhost-1"
-
-#List of additional user defined emulation options. These options will
-#be added to all Qemu calls
-emul_opts_user = []
-
-#List of additional user defined emulation options for vhost only.
-#These options will only be added to vhost enabled guests
-emul_opts_user_vhost = []
-
-#For all VHOST enabled VMs, the VM memory is preallocated from hugetlbfs
-# Set this variable to one to enable this option for all VMs
-use_huge_all = 0
-
-#Instead of autodetecting, override the hugetlbfs directory by setting
-#this variable
-hugetlbfs_dir = ""
-
-#############################################
-
-
-#############################################
-# ****** Do Not Modify Below this Line ******
-#############################################
-
-import sys, os, subprocess
-
-
-#List of open userspace vhost file descriptors
-fd_list = []
-
-#additional virtio device flags when using userspace vhost
-vhost_flags = [ "csum=off",
-                "gso=off",
-                "guest_tso4=off",
-                "guest_tso6=off",
-                "guest_ecn=off"
-              ]
-
-
-#############################################
-# Find the system hugefile mount point.
-# Note:
-# if multiple hugetlbfs mount points exist
-# then the first one found will be used
-#############################################
-def find_huge_mount():
-
-    if (len(hugetlbfs_dir)):
-        return hugetlbfs_dir
-
-    huge_mount = ""
-
-    if (os.access("/proc/mounts", os.F_OK)):
-        f = open("/proc/mounts", "r")
-        line = f.readline()
-        while line:
-            line_split = line.split(" ")
-            if line_split[2] == 'hugetlbfs':
-                huge_mount = line_split[1]
-                break
-            line = f.readline()
-    else:
-        print "/proc/mounts not found"
-        exit (1)
-
-    f.close
-    if len(huge_mount) == 0:
-        print "Failed to find hugetlbfs mount point"
-        exit (1)
-
-    return huge_mount
-
-
-#############################################
-# Get a userspace Vhost file descriptor
-#############################################
-def get_vhost_fd():
-
-    if (os.access(us_vhost_path, os.F_OK)):
-        fd = os.open( us_vhost_path, os.O_RDWR)
-    else:
-        print ("US-Vhost file %s not found" %us_vhost_path)
-        exit (1)
-
-    return fd
-
-
-#############################################
-# Check for vhostfd. if found then replace
-# with our own vhost fd and append any vhost
-# flags onto the end
-#############################################
-def modify_netdev_arg(arg):
-       
-    global fd_list
-    vhost_in_use = 0
-    s = ''
-    new_opts = []
-    netdev_opts = arg.split(",")
-
-    for opt in netdev_opts:
-        #check if vhost is used
-        if "vhost" == opt[:5]:
-            vhost_in_use = 1
-        else:
-            new_opts.append(opt)
-
-    #if using vhost append vhost options
-    if vhost_in_use == 1:
-        #append vhost on option
-        new_opts.append('vhost=on')
-        #append vhostfd ption
-        new_fd = get_vhost_fd()
-        new_opts.append('vhostfd=' + str(new_fd))
-        fd_list.append(new_fd)
-
-    #concatenate all options
-    for opt in new_opts:
-        if len(s) > 0:
-                       s+=','
-
-        s+=opt
-
-    return s   
-
-
-#############################################
-# Main
-#############################################
-def main():
-
-    global fd_list
-    global vhost_in_use
-    new_args = []
-    num_cmd_args = len(sys.argv)
-    emul_call = ''
-    mem_prealloc_set = 0
-    mem_path_set = 0
-    num = 0;
-
-    #parse the parameters
-    while (num < num_cmd_args):
-        arg = sys.argv[num]
-
-               #Check netdev +1 parameter for vhostfd
-        if arg == '-netdev':
-            num_vhost_devs = len(fd_list)
-            new_args.append(arg)
-
-            num+=1
-            arg = sys.argv[num]
-            mod_arg = modify_netdev_arg(arg)
-            new_args.append(mod_arg)
-
-            #append vhost flags if this is a vhost device
-            # and -device is the next arg
-            # i.e -device -opt1,-opt2,...,-opt3,%vhost
-            if (num_vhost_devs < len(fd_list)):
-                num+=1
-                arg = sys.argv[num]
-                if arg == '-device':
-                    new_args.append(arg)
-                    num+=1
-                    new_arg = sys.argv[num]
-                    for flag in vhost_flags:
-                        new_arg = ''.join([new_arg,',',flag])
-                    new_args.append(new_arg)
-                else:
-                    new_args.append(arg)
-        elif arg == '-mem-prealloc':
-            mem_prealloc_set = 1
-            new_args.append(arg)
-        elif arg == '-mem-path':
-            mem_path_set = 1
-            new_args.append(arg)
-
-        else:
-            new_args.append(arg)
-
-        num+=1
-
-    #Set Qemu binary location
-    emul_call+=emul_path
-    emul_call+=" "
-
-    #Add prealloc mem options if using vhost and not already added
-    if ((len(fd_list) > 0) and (mem_prealloc_set == 0)):
-        emul_call += "-mem-prealloc "
-
-    #Add mempath mem options if using vhost and not already added
-    if ((len(fd_list) > 0) and (mem_path_set == 0)):
-        #Detect and add hugetlbfs mount point
-        mp = find_huge_mount()
-        mp = "".join(["-mem-path ", mp])
-        emul_call += mp
-        emul_call += " "
-
-
-    #add user options
-    for opt in emul_opts_user:
-        emul_call += opt
-        emul_call += " "
-
-    #Add add user vhost only options
-    if len(fd_list) > 0:
-        for opt in emul_opts_user_vhost:
-            emul_call += opt
-            emul_call += " "
-
-    #Add updated libvirt options
-    iter_args = iter(new_args)
-    #skip 1st arg i.e. call to this script
-    next(iter_args)
-    for arg in iter_args:
-        emul_call+=str(arg)
-        emul_call+= " "
-
-    #Call QEMU
-    subprocess.call(emul_call, shell=True)
-
-
-    #Close usvhost files
-    for fd in fd_list:
-        os.close(fd)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()
-
diff --git a/examples/vhost/main.c b/examples/vhost/main.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index c23d453..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3727 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *   BSD LICENSE
- *
- *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *   All rights reserved.
- *
- *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- *   are met:
- *
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *       distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
- *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <arpa/inet.h>
-#include <getopt.h>
-#include <linux/if_ether.h>
-#include <linux/if_vlan.h>
-#include <linux/virtio_net.h>
-#include <linux/virtio_ring.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <sys/eventfd.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <rte_atomic.h>
-#include <rte_cycles.h>
-#include <rte_ethdev.h>
-#include <rte_log.h>
-#include <rte_string_fns.h>
-#include <rte_malloc.h>
-
-#include "main.h"
-#include "virtio-net.h"
-#include "vhost-net-cdev.h"
-
-#define MAX_QUEUES 128
-
-/* the maximum number of external ports supported */
-#define MAX_SUP_PORTS 1
-
-/*
- * Calculate the number of buffers needed per port
- */
-#define NUM_MBUFS_PER_PORT ((MAX_QUEUES*RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT) +            \
-                                                       (num_switching_cores*MAX_PKT_BURST) +                   \
-                                                       (num_switching_cores*RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT) +\
-                                                       (num_switching_cores*MBUF_CACHE_SIZE))
-
-#define MBUF_CACHE_SIZE 128
-#define MBUF_SIZE (2048 + sizeof(struct rte_mbuf) + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM)
-
-/*
- * No frame data buffer allocated from host are required for zero copy
- * implementation, guest will allocate the frame data buffer, and vhost
- * directly use it.
- */
-#define VIRTIO_DESCRIPTOR_LEN_ZCP 1518
-#define MBUF_SIZE_ZCP (VIRTIO_DESCRIPTOR_LEN_ZCP + sizeof(struct rte_mbuf) \
-       + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM)
-#define MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP 0
-
-/*
- * RX and TX Prefetch, Host, and Write-back threshold values should be
- * carefully set for optimal performance. Consult the network
- * controller's datasheet and supporting DPDK documentation for guidance
- * on how these parameters should be set.
- */
-#define RX_PTHRESH 8 /* Default values of RX prefetch threshold reg. */
-#define RX_HTHRESH 8 /* Default values of RX host threshold reg. */
-#define RX_WTHRESH 4 /* Default values of RX write-back threshold reg. */
-
-/*
- * These default values are optimized for use with the Intel(R) 82599 10 GbE
- * Controller and the DPDK ixgbe PMD. Consider using other values for other
- * network controllers and/or network drivers.
- */
-#define TX_PTHRESH 36 /* Default values of TX prefetch threshold reg. */
-#define TX_HTHRESH 0  /* Default values of TX host threshold reg. */
-#define TX_WTHRESH 0  /* Default values of TX write-back threshold reg. */
-
-#define MAX_PKT_BURST 32               /* Max burst size for RX/TX */
-#define MAX_MRG_PKT_BURST 16   /* Max burst for merge buffers. Set to 1 due to performance issue. */
-#define BURST_TX_DRAIN_US 100  /* TX drain every ~100us */
-
-#define BURST_RX_WAIT_US 15    /* Defines how long we wait between retries on RX */
-#define BURST_RX_RETRIES 4             /* Number of retries on RX. */
-
-#define JUMBO_FRAME_MAX_SIZE    0x2600
-
-/* State of virtio device. */
-#define DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING 0
-#define DEVICE_RX                      1
-#define DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE     2
-
-/* Config_core_flag status definitions. */
-#define REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL 1
-#define ACK_DEV_REMOVAL 0
-
-/* Configurable number of RX/TX ring descriptors */
-#define RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024
-#define RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT 512
-
-/*
- * Need refine these 2 macros for legacy and DPDK based front end:
- * Max vring avail descriptor/entries from guest - MAX_PKT_BURST
- * And then adjust power 2.
- */
-/*
- * For legacy front end, 128 descriptors,
- * half for virtio header, another half for mbuf.
- */
-#define RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP 32   /* legacy: 32, DPDK virt FE: 128. */
-#define RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP 64   /* legacy: 64, DPDK virt FE: 64.  */
-
-/* Get first 4 bytes in mbuf headroom. */
-#define MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf) (*(uint32_t *)((uint8_t *)(mbuf) \
-               + sizeof(struct rte_mbuf)))
-
-/* true if x is a power of 2 */
-#define POWEROF2(x) ((((x)-1) & (x)) == 0)
-
-#define INVALID_PORT_ID 0xFF
-
-/* Max number of devices. Limited by vmdq. */
-#define MAX_DEVICES 64
-
-/* Size of buffers used for snprintfs. */
-#define MAX_PRINT_BUFF 6072
-
-/* Maximum character device basename size. */
-#define MAX_BASENAME_SZ 10
-
-/* Maximum long option length for option parsing. */
-#define MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ 64
-
-/* Used to compare MAC addresses. */
-#define MAC_ADDR_CMP 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFULL
-
-/* Number of descriptors per cacheline. */
-#define DESC_PER_CACHELINE (CACHE_LINE_SIZE / sizeof(struct vring_desc))
-
-/* mask of enabled ports */
-static uint32_t enabled_port_mask = 0;
-
-/*Number of switching cores enabled*/
-static uint32_t num_switching_cores = 0;
-
-/* number of devices/queues to support*/
-static uint32_t num_queues = 0;
-uint32_t num_devices = 0;
-
-/*
- * Enable zero copy, pkts buffer will directly dma to hw descriptor,
- * disabled on default.
- */
-static uint32_t zero_copy;
-
-/* number of descriptors to apply*/
-static uint32_t num_rx_descriptor = RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP;
-static uint32_t num_tx_descriptor = RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP;
-
-/* max ring descriptor, ixgbe, i40e, e1000 all are 4096. */
-#define MAX_RING_DESC 4096
-
-struct vpool {
-       struct rte_mempool *pool;
-       struct rte_ring *ring;
-       uint32_t buf_size;
-} vpool_array[MAX_QUEUES+MAX_QUEUES];
-
-/* Enable VM2VM communications. If this is disabled then the MAC address compare is skipped. */
-typedef enum {
-       VM2VM_DISABLED = 0,
-       VM2VM_SOFTWARE = 1,
-       VM2VM_HARDWARE = 2,
-       VM2VM_LAST
-} vm2vm_type;
-static vm2vm_type vm2vm_mode = VM2VM_SOFTWARE;
-
-/* The type of host physical address translated from guest physical address. */
-typedef enum {
-       PHYS_ADDR_CONTINUOUS = 0,
-       PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG = 1,
-       PHYS_ADDR_INVALID = 2,
-       PHYS_ADDR_LAST
-} hpa_type;
-
-/* Enable stats. */
-static uint32_t enable_stats = 0;
-/* Enable retries on RX. */
-static uint32_t enable_retry = 1;
-/* Specify timeout (in useconds) between retries on RX. */
-static uint32_t burst_rx_delay_time = BURST_RX_WAIT_US;
-/* Specify the number of retries on RX. */
-static uint32_t burst_rx_retry_num = BURST_RX_RETRIES;
-
-/* Character device basename. Can be set by user. */
-static char dev_basename[MAX_BASENAME_SZ] = "vhost-net";
-
-/* Charater device index. Can be set by user. */
-static uint32_t dev_index = 0;
-
-/* This can be set by the user so it is made available here. */
-extern uint64_t VHOST_FEATURES;
-
-/* Default configuration for rx and tx thresholds etc. */
-static struct rte_eth_rxconf rx_conf_default = {
-       .rx_thresh = {
-               .pthresh = RX_PTHRESH,
-               .hthresh = RX_HTHRESH,
-               .wthresh = RX_WTHRESH,
-       },
-       .rx_drop_en = 1,
-};
-
-/*
- * These default values are optimized for use with the Intel(R) 82599 10 GbE
- * Controller and the DPDK ixgbe/igb PMD. Consider using other values for other
- * network controllers and/or network drivers.
- */
-static struct rte_eth_txconf tx_conf_default = {
-       .tx_thresh = {
-               .pthresh = TX_PTHRESH,
-               .hthresh = TX_HTHRESH,
-               .wthresh = TX_WTHRESH,
-       },
-       .tx_free_thresh = 0, /* Use PMD default values */
-       .tx_rs_thresh = 0, /* Use PMD default values */
-};
-
-/* empty vmdq configuration structure. Filled in programatically */
-static struct rte_eth_conf vmdq_conf_default = {
-       .rxmode = {
-               .mq_mode        = ETH_MQ_RX_VMDQ_ONLY,
-               .split_hdr_size = 0,
-               .header_split   = 0, /**< Header Split disabled */
-               .hw_ip_checksum = 0, /**< IP checksum offload disabled */
-               .hw_vlan_filter = 0, /**< VLAN filtering disabled */
-               /*
-                * It is necessary for 1G NIC such as I350,
-                * this fixes bug of ipv4 forwarding in guest can't
-                * forward pakets from one virtio dev to another virtio dev.
-                */
-               .hw_vlan_strip  = 1, /**< VLAN strip enabled. */
-               .jumbo_frame    = 0, /**< Jumbo Frame Support disabled */
-               .hw_strip_crc   = 0, /**< CRC stripped by hardware */
-       },
-
-       .txmode = {
-               .mq_mode = ETH_MQ_TX_NONE,
-       },
-       .rx_adv_conf = {
-               /*
-                * should be overridden separately in code with
-                * appropriate values
-                */
-               .vmdq_rx_conf = {
-                       .nb_queue_pools = ETH_8_POOLS,
-                       .enable_default_pool = 0,
-                       .default_pool = 0,
-                       .nb_pool_maps = 0,
-                       .pool_map = {{0, 0},},
-               },
-       },
-};
-
-static unsigned lcore_ids[RTE_MAX_LCORE];
-static uint8_t ports[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];
-static unsigned num_ports = 0; /**< The number of ports specified in command line */
-
-static const uint16_t external_pkt_default_vlan_tag = 2000;
-const uint16_t vlan_tags[] = {
-       1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007,
-       1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1015,
-       1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021, 1022, 1023,
-       1024, 1025, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031,
-       1032, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1036, 1037, 1038, 1039,
-       1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047,
-       1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055,
-       1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1062, 1063,
-};
-
-/* ethernet addresses of ports */
-static struct ether_addr vmdq_ports_eth_addr[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];
-
-/* heads for the main used and free linked lists for the data path. */
-static struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_root_used = NULL;
-static struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_root_free = NULL;
-
-/* Array of data core structures containing information on individual core linked lists. */
-static struct lcore_info lcore_info[RTE_MAX_LCORE];
-
-/* Used for queueing bursts of TX packets. */
-struct mbuf_table {
-       unsigned len;
-       unsigned txq_id;
-       struct rte_mbuf *m_table[MAX_PKT_BURST];
-};
-
-/* TX queue for each data core. */
-struct mbuf_table lcore_tx_queue[RTE_MAX_LCORE];
-
-/* TX queue fori each virtio device for zero copy. */
-struct mbuf_table tx_queue_zcp[MAX_QUEUES];
-
-/* Vlan header struct used to insert vlan tags on TX. */
-struct vlan_ethhdr {
-       unsigned char   h_dest[ETH_ALEN];
-       unsigned char   h_source[ETH_ALEN];
-       __be16          h_vlan_proto;
-       __be16          h_vlan_TCI;
-       __be16          h_vlan_encapsulated_proto;
-};
-
-/* IPv4 Header */
-struct ipv4_hdr {
-       uint8_t  version_ihl;           /**< version and header length */
-       uint8_t  type_of_service;       /**< type of service */
-       uint16_t total_length;          /**< length of packet */
-       uint16_t packet_id;             /**< packet ID */
-       uint16_t fragment_offset;       /**< fragmentation offset */
-       uint8_t  time_to_live;          /**< time to live */
-       uint8_t  next_proto_id;         /**< protocol ID */
-       uint16_t hdr_checksum;          /**< header checksum */
-       uint32_t src_addr;              /**< source address */
-       uint32_t dst_addr;              /**< destination address */
-} __attribute__((__packed__));
-
-/* Header lengths. */
-#define VLAN_HLEN       4
-#define VLAN_ETH_HLEN   18
-
-/* Per-device statistics struct */
-struct device_statistics {
-       uint64_t tx_total;
-       rte_atomic64_t rx_total_atomic;
-       uint64_t rx_total;
-       uint64_t tx;
-       rte_atomic64_t rx_atomic;
-       uint64_t rx;
-} __rte_cache_aligned;
-struct device_statistics dev_statistics[MAX_DEVICES];
-
-/*
- * Builds up the correct configuration for VMDQ VLAN pool map
- * according to the pool & queue limits.
- */
-static inline int
-get_eth_conf(struct rte_eth_conf *eth_conf, uint32_t num_devices)
-{
-       struct rte_eth_vmdq_rx_conf conf;
-       unsigned i;
-
-       memset(&conf, 0, sizeof(conf));
-       conf.nb_queue_pools = (enum rte_eth_nb_pools)num_devices;
-       conf.nb_pool_maps = num_devices;
-       conf.enable_loop_back =
-               vmdq_conf_default.rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf.enable_loop_back;
-
-       for (i = 0; i < conf.nb_pool_maps; i++) {
-               conf.pool_map[i].vlan_id = vlan_tags[ i ];
-               conf.pool_map[i].pools = (1UL << i);
-       }
-
-       (void)(rte_memcpy(eth_conf, &vmdq_conf_default, sizeof(*eth_conf)));
-       (void)(rte_memcpy(&eth_conf->rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf, &conf,
-                  sizeof(eth_conf->rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf)));
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Validate the device number according to the max pool number gotten form
- * dev_info. If the device number is invalid, give the error message and
- * return -1. Each device must have its own pool.
- */
-static inline int
-validate_num_devices(uint32_t max_nb_devices)
-{
-       if (num_devices > max_nb_devices) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_PORT, "invalid number of devices\n");
-               return -1;
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Initialises a given port using global settings and with the rx buffers
- * coming from the mbuf_pool passed as parameter
- */
-static inline int
-port_init(uint8_t port)
-{
-       struct rte_eth_dev_info dev_info;
-       struct rte_eth_conf port_conf;
-       uint16_t rx_rings, tx_rings;
-       uint16_t rx_ring_size, tx_ring_size;
-       int retval;
-       uint16_t q;
-
-       /* The max pool number from dev_info will be used to validate the pool number specified in cmd line */
-       rte_eth_dev_info_get (port, &dev_info);
-
-       /*configure the number of supported virtio devices based on VMDQ limits */
-       num_devices = dev_info.max_vmdq_pools;
-       num_queues = dev_info.max_rx_queues;
-
-       if (zero_copy) {
-               rx_ring_size = num_rx_descriptor;
-               tx_ring_size = num_tx_descriptor;
-               tx_rings = dev_info.max_tx_queues;
-       } else {
-               rx_ring_size = RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT;
-               tx_ring_size = RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT;
-               tx_rings = (uint16_t)rte_lcore_count();
-       }
-
-       retval = validate_num_devices(MAX_DEVICES);
-       if (retval < 0)
-               return retval;
-
-       /* Get port configuration. */
-       retval = get_eth_conf(&port_conf, num_devices);
-       if (retval < 0)
-               return retval;
-
-       if (port >= rte_eth_dev_count()) return -1;
-
-       rx_rings = (uint16_t)num_queues,
-       /* Configure ethernet device. */
-       retval = rte_eth_dev_configure(port, rx_rings, tx_rings, &port_conf);
-       if (retval != 0)
-               return retval;
-
-       /* Setup the queues. */
-       for (q = 0; q < rx_rings; q ++) {
-               retval = rte_eth_rx_queue_setup(port, q, rx_ring_size,
-                                               rte_eth_dev_socket_id(port), &rx_conf_default,
-                                               vpool_array[q].pool);
-               if (retval < 0)
-                       return retval;
-       }
-       for (q = 0; q < tx_rings; q ++) {
-               retval = rte_eth_tx_queue_setup(port, q, tx_ring_size,
-                                               rte_eth_dev_socket_id(port), &tx_conf_default);
-               if (retval < 0)
-                       return retval;
-       }
-
-       /* Start the device. */
-       retval  = rte_eth_dev_start(port);
-       if (retval < 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "Failed to start the device.\n");
-               return retval;
-       }
-
-       rte_eth_macaddr_get(port, &vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port]);
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Max virtio devices supported: %u\n", num_devices);
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Port %u MAC: %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8
-                       " %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8"\n",
-                       (unsigned)port,
-                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[0],
-                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[1],
-                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[2],
-                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[3],
-                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[4],
-                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[5]);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Set character device basename.
- */
-static int
-us_vhost_parse_basename(const char *q_arg)
-{
-       /* parse number string */
-
-       if (strnlen(q_arg, MAX_BASENAME_SZ) > MAX_BASENAME_SZ)
-               return -1;
-       else
-               snprintf((char*)&dev_basename, MAX_BASENAME_SZ, "%s", q_arg);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Parse the portmask provided at run time.
- */
-static int
-parse_portmask(const char *portmask)
-{
-       char *end = NULL;
-       unsigned long pm;
-
-       errno = 0;
-
-       /* parse hexadecimal string */
-       pm = strtoul(portmask, &end, 16);
-       if ((portmask[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0))
-               return -1;
-
-       if (pm == 0)
-               return -1;
-
-       return pm;
-
-}
-
-/*
- * Parse num options at run time.
- */
-static int
-parse_num_opt(const char *q_arg, uint32_t max_valid_value)
-{
-       char *end = NULL;
-       unsigned long num;
-
-       errno = 0;
-
-       /* parse unsigned int string */
-       num = strtoul(q_arg, &end, 10);
-       if ((q_arg[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0))
-               return -1;
-
-       if (num > max_valid_value)
-               return -1;
-
-       return num;
-
-}
-
-/*
- * Display usage
- */
-static void
-us_vhost_usage(const char *prgname)
-{
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "%s [EAL options] -- -p PORTMASK\n"
-       "               --vm2vm [0|1|2]\n"
-       "               --rx_retry [0|1] --mergeable [0|1] --stats [0-N]\n"
-       "               --dev-basename <name> --dev-index [0-N]\n"
-       "               --nb-devices ND\n"
-       "               -p PORTMASK: Set mask for ports to be used by application\n"
-       "               --vm2vm [0|1|2]: disable/software(default)/hardware vm2vm comms\n"
-       "               --rx-retry [0|1]: disable/enable(default) retries on rx. Enable retry if destintation queue is full\n"
-       "               --rx-retry-delay [0-N]: timeout(in usecond) between retries on RX. This makes effect only if retries on rx enabled\n"
-       "               --rx-retry-num [0-N]: the number of retries on rx. This makes effect only if retries on rx enabled\n"
-       "               --mergeable [0|1]: disable(default)/enable RX mergeable buffers\n"
-       "               --stats [0-N]: 0: Disable stats, N: Time in seconds to print stats\n"
-       "               --dev-basename: The basename to be used for the character device.\n"
-       "               --dev-index [0-N]: Defaults to zero if not used. Index is appended to basename.\n"
-       "               --zero-copy [0|1]: disable(default)/enable rx/tx "
-                       "zero copy\n"
-       "               --rx-desc-num [0-N]: the number of descriptors on rx, "
-                       "used only when zero copy is enabled.\n"
-       "               --tx-desc-num [0-N]: the number of descriptors on tx, "
-                       "used only when zero copy is enabled.\n",
-              prgname);
-}
-
-/*
- * Parse the arguments given in the command line of the application.
- */
-static int
-us_vhost_parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
-{
-       int opt, ret;
-       int option_index;
-       unsigned i;
-       const char *prgname = argv[0];
-       static struct option long_option[] = {
-               {"vm2vm", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"rx-retry", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"rx-retry-delay", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"rx-retry-num", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"mergeable", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"stats", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"dev-basename", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"dev-index", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"zero-copy", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"rx-desc-num", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {"tx-desc-num", required_argument, NULL, 0},
-               {NULL, 0, 0, 0},
-       };
-
-       /* Parse command line */
-       while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "p:",long_option, &option_index)) != EOF) {
-               switch (opt) {
-               /* Portmask */
-               case 'p':
-                       enabled_port_mask = parse_portmask(optarg);
-                       if (enabled_port_mask == 0) {
-                               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid portmask\n");
-                               us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                               return -1;
-                       }
-                       break;
-
-               case 0:
-                       /* Enable/disable vm2vm comms. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "vm2vm",
-                               MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, (VM2VM_LAST - 1));
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
-                                               "Invalid argument for "
-                                               "vm2vm [0|1|2]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       vm2vm_mode = (vm2vm_type)ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Enable/disable retries on RX. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "rx-retry", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, 1);
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for rx-retry [0|1]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       enable_retry = ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Specify the retries delay time (in useconds) on RX. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "rx-retry-delay", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for rx-retry-delay [0-N]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       burst_rx_delay_time = ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Specify the retries number on RX. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "rx-retry-num", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for rx-retry-num [0-N]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       burst_rx_retry_num = ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Enable/disable RX mergeable buffers. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "mergeable", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, 1);
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for mergeable [0|1]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       if (ret) {
-                                               vmdq_conf_default.rxmode.jumbo_frame = 1;
-                                               vmdq_conf_default.rxmode.max_rx_pkt_len
-                                                       = JUMBO_FRAME_MAX_SIZE;
-                                               VHOST_FEATURES = (1ULL << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Enable/disable stats. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "stats", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for stats [0..N]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       enable_stats = ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Set character device basename. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "dev-basename", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               if (us_vhost_parse_basename(optarg) == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for character device basename (Max %d characters)\n", MAX_BASENAME_SZ);
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Set character device index. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "dev-index", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for character device index [0..N]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else
-                                       dev_index = ret;
-                       }
-
-                       /* Enable/disable rx/tx zero copy. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name,
-                               "zero-copy", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, 1);
-                               if (ret == -1) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
-                                               "Invalid argument"
-                                               " for zero-copy [0|1]\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else
-                                       zero_copy = ret;
-
-                               if (zero_copy) {
-#ifdef RTE_MBUF_REFCNT
-                                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Before running "
-                                       "zero copy vhost APP, please "
-                                       "disable RTE_MBUF_REFCNT\n"
-                                       "in config file and then rebuild DPDK "
-                                       "core lib!\n"
-                                       "Otherwise please disable zero copy "
-                                       "flag in command line!\n");
-                                       return -1;
-#endif
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Specify the descriptor number on RX. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name,
-                               "rx-desc-num", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, MAX_RING_DESC);
-                               if ((ret == -1) || (!POWEROF2(ret))) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
-                                       "Invalid argument for rx-desc-num[0-N],"
-                                       "power of 2 required.\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       num_rx_descriptor = ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       /* Specify the descriptor number on TX. */
-                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name,
-                               "tx-desc-num", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
-                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, MAX_RING_DESC);
-                               if ((ret == -1) || (!POWEROF2(ret))) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
-                                       "Invalid argument for tx-desc-num [0-N],"
-                                       "power of 2 required.\n");
-                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                                       return -1;
-                               } else {
-                                       num_tx_descriptor = ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       break;
-
-                       /* Invalid option - print options. */
-               default:
-                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-       }
-
-       for (i = 0; i < RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS; i++) {
-               if (enabled_port_mask & (1 << i))
-                       ports[num_ports++] = (uint8_t)i;
-       }
-
-       if ((num_ports ==  0) || (num_ports > MAX_SUP_PORTS)) {
-               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Current enabled port number is %u,"
-                       "but only %u port can be enabled\n",num_ports, MAX_SUP_PORTS);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       if ((zero_copy == 1) && (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_SOFTWARE)) {
-               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT,
-                       "Vhost zero copy doesn't support software vm2vm,"
-                       "please specify 'vm2vm 2' to use hardware vm2vm.\n");
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       if ((zero_copy == 1) && (vmdq_conf_default.rxmode.jumbo_frame == 1)) {
-               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT,
-                       "Vhost zero copy doesn't support jumbo frame,"
-                       "please specify '--mergeable 0' to disable the "
-                       "mergeable feature.\n");
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Update the global var NUM_PORTS and array PORTS according to system ports number
- * and return valid ports number
- */
-static unsigned check_ports_num(unsigned nb_ports)
-{
-       unsigned valid_num_ports = num_ports;
-       unsigned portid;
-
-       if (num_ports > nb_ports) {
-               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "\nSpecified port number(%u) exceeds total system port number(%u)\n",
-                       num_ports, nb_ports);
-               num_ports = nb_ports;
-       }
-
-       for (portid = 0; portid < num_ports; portid ++) {
-               if (ports[portid] >= nb_ports) {
-                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "\nSpecified port ID(%u) exceeds max system port ID(%u)\n",
-                               ports[portid], (nb_ports - 1));
-                       ports[portid] = INVALID_PORT_ID;
-                       valid_num_ports--;
-               }
-       }
-       return valid_num_ports;
-}
-
-/*
- * Macro to print out packet contents. Wrapped in debug define so that the
- * data path is not effected when debug is disabled.
- */
-#ifdef DEBUG
-#define PRINT_PACKET(device, addr, size, header) do {                                                                                                                          \
-       char *pkt_addr = (char*)(addr);                                                                                                                                                                 \
-       unsigned int index;                                                                                                                                                                                             \
-       char packet[MAX_PRINT_BUFF];                                                                                                                                                                    \
-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       \
-       if ((header))                                                                                                                                                                                                   \
-               snprintf(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF, "(%"PRIu64") Header size %d: ", (device->device_fh), (size));                          \
-       else                                                                                                                                                                                                                    \
-               snprintf(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF, "(%"PRIu64") Packet size %d: ", (device->device_fh), (size));                          \
-       for (index = 0; index < (size); index++) {                                                                                                                                              \
-               snprintf(packet + strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF), MAX_PRINT_BUFF - strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF),    \
-                       "%02hhx ", pkt_addr[index]);                                                                                                                                                    \
-       }                                                                                                                                                                                                                               \
-       snprintf(packet + strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF), MAX_PRINT_BUFF - strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF), "\n");     \
-                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       \
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "%s", packet);                                                                                                                                                                    \
-} while(0)
-#else
-#define PRINT_PACKET(device, addr, size, header) do{} while(0)
-#endif
-
-/*
- * Function to convert guest physical addresses to vhost virtual addresses. This
- * is used to convert virtio buffer addresses.
- */
-static inline uint64_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-gpa_to_vva(struct virtio_net *dev, uint64_t guest_pa)
-{
-       struct virtio_memory_regions *region;
-       uint32_t regionidx;
-       uint64_t vhost_va = 0;
-
-       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
-               region = &dev->mem->regions[regionidx];
-               if ((guest_pa >= region->guest_phys_address) &&
-                       (guest_pa <= region->guest_phys_address_end)) {
-                       vhost_va = region->address_offset + guest_pa;
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") GPA %p| VVA %p\n",
-               dev->device_fh, (void*)(uintptr_t)guest_pa, (void*)(uintptr_t)vhost_va);
-
-       return vhost_va;
-}
-
-/*
- * Function to convert guest physical addresses to vhost physical addresses.
- * This is used to convert virtio buffer addresses.
- */
-static inline uint64_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-gpa_to_hpa(struct virtio_net *dev, uint64_t guest_pa,
-       uint32_t buf_len, hpa_type *addr_type)
-{
-       struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa *region;
-       uint32_t regionidx;
-       uint64_t vhost_pa = 0;
-
-       *addr_type = PHYS_ADDR_INVALID;
-
-       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions_hpa; regionidx++) {
-               region = &dev->mem->regions_hpa[regionidx];
-               if ((guest_pa >= region->guest_phys_address) &&
-                       (guest_pa <= region->guest_phys_address_end)) {
-                       vhost_pa = region->host_phys_addr_offset + guest_pa;
-                       if (likely((guest_pa + buf_len - 1)
-                               <= region->guest_phys_address_end))
-                               *addr_type = PHYS_ADDR_CONTINUOUS;
-                       else
-                               *addr_type = PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG;
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") GPA %p| HPA %p\n",
-               dev->device_fh, (void *)(uintptr_t)guest_pa,
-               (void *)(uintptr_t)vhost_pa);
-
-       return vhost_pa;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function adds buffers to the virtio devices RX virtqueue. Buffers can
- * be received from the physical port or from another virtio device. A packet
- * count is returned to indicate the number of packets that were succesfully
- * added to the RX queue. This function works when mergeable is disabled.
- */
-static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_dev_rx(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf **pkts, uint32_t count)
-{
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       struct vring_desc *desc;
-       struct rte_mbuf *buff;
-       /* The virtio_hdr is initialised to 0. */
-       struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf virtio_hdr = {{0,0,0,0,0,0},0};
-       uint64_t buff_addr = 0;
-       uint64_t buff_hdr_addr = 0;
-       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST], packet_len = 0;
-       uint32_t head_idx, packet_success = 0;
-       uint32_t retry = 0;
-       uint16_t avail_idx, res_cur_idx;
-       uint16_t res_base_idx, res_end_idx;
-       uint16_t free_entries;
-       uint8_t success = 0;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_rx()\n", dev->device_fh);
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
-       count = (count > MAX_PKT_BURST) ? MAX_PKT_BURST : count;
-
-       /* As many data cores may want access to available buffers, they need to be reserved. */
-       do {
-               res_base_idx = vq->last_used_idx_res;
-               avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-
-               free_entries = (avail_idx - res_base_idx);
-               /* If retry is enabled and the queue is full then we wait and retry to avoid packet loss. */
-               if (enable_retry && unlikely(count > free_entries)) {
-                       for (retry = 0; retry < burst_rx_retry_num; retry++) {
-                               rte_delay_us(burst_rx_delay_time);
-                               avail_idx =
-                                       *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-                               free_entries = (avail_idx - res_base_idx);
-                               if (count <= free_entries)
-                                       break;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               /*check that we have enough buffers*/
-               if (unlikely(count > free_entries))
-                       count = free_entries;
-
-               if (count == 0)
-                       return 0;
-
-               res_end_idx = res_base_idx + count;
-               /* vq->last_used_idx_res is atomically updated. */
-               success = rte_atomic16_cmpset(&vq->last_used_idx_res, res_base_idx,
-                                                                       res_end_idx);
-       } while (unlikely(success == 0));
-       res_cur_idx = res_base_idx;
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Current Index %d| End Index %d\n", dev->device_fh, res_cur_idx, res_end_idx);
-
-       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve indexes. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
-
-       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
-       for (head_idx = 0; head_idx < count; head_idx++)
-               head[head_idx] = vq->avail->ring[(res_cur_idx + head_idx) & (vq->size - 1)];
-
-       /*Prefetch descriptor index. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
-
-       while (res_cur_idx != res_end_idx) {
-               /* Get descriptor from available ring */
-               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
-
-               buff = pkts[packet_success];
-
-               /* Convert from gpa to vva (guest physical addr -> vhost virtual addr) */
-               buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
-               rte_prefetch0((void*)(uintptr_t)buff_addr);
-
-               /* Copy virtio_hdr to packet and increment buffer address */
-               buff_hdr_addr = buff_addr;
-               packet_len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff) + vq->vhost_hlen;
-
-               /*
-                * If the descriptors are chained the header and data are
-                * placed in separate buffers.
-                */
-               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
-                       desc->len = vq->vhost_hlen;
-                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
-                       /* Buffer address translation. */
-                       buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-                       desc->len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff);
-               } else {
-                       buff_addr += vq->vhost_hlen;
-                       desc->len = packet_len;
-               }
-
-               /* Update used ring with desc information */
-               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id = head[packet_success];
-               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len = packet_len;
-
-               /* Copy mbuf data to buffer */
-               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_addr,
-                       rte_pktmbuf_mtod(buff, const void *),
-                       rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff));
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_addr,
-                       rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff), 0);
-
-               res_cur_idx++;
-               packet_success++;
-
-               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr,
-                       (const void *)&virtio_hdr, vq->vhost_hlen);
-
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr, vq->vhost_hlen, 1);
-
-               if (res_cur_idx < res_end_idx) {
-                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
-               }
-       }
-
-       rte_compiler_barrier();
-
-       /* Wait until it's our turn to add our buffer to the used ring. */
-       while (unlikely(vq->last_used_idx != res_base_idx))
-               rte_pause();
-
-       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += count;
-       vq->last_used_idx = res_end_idx;
-
-       /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
-       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
-               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
-       return count;
-}
-
-static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-copy_from_mbuf_to_vring(struct virtio_net *dev,
-       uint16_t res_base_idx, uint16_t res_end_idx,
-       struct rte_mbuf *pkt)
-{
-       uint32_t vec_idx = 0;
-       uint32_t entry_success = 0;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       /* The virtio_hdr is initialised to 0. */
-       struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf virtio_hdr = {
-               {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, 0};
-       uint16_t cur_idx = res_base_idx;
-       uint64_t vb_addr = 0;
-       uint64_t vb_hdr_addr = 0;
-       uint32_t seg_offset = 0;
-       uint32_t vb_offset = 0;
-       uint32_t seg_avail;
-       uint32_t vb_avail;
-       uint32_t cpy_len, entry_len;
-
-       if (pkt == NULL)
-               return 0;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Current Index %d| "
-               "End Index %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, cur_idx, res_end_idx);
-
-       /*
-        * Convert from gpa to vva
-        * (guest physical addr -> vhost virtual addr)
-        */
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
-       vb_addr =
-               gpa_to_vva(dev, vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
-       vb_hdr_addr = vb_addr;
-
-       /* Prefetch buffer address. */
-       rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
-
-       virtio_hdr.num_buffers = res_end_idx - res_base_idx;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") RX: Num merge buffers %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, virtio_hdr.num_buffers);
-
-       rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_hdr_addr,
-               (const void *)&virtio_hdr, vq->vhost_hlen);
-
-       PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)vb_hdr_addr, vq->vhost_hlen, 1);
-
-       seg_avail = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(pkt);
-       vb_offset = vq->vhost_hlen;
-       vb_avail =
-               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len - vq->vhost_hlen;
-
-       entry_len = vq->vhost_hlen;
-
-       if (vb_avail == 0) {
-               uint32_t desc_idx =
-                       vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
-               vq->desc[desc_idx].len = vq->vhost_hlen;
-
-               if ((vq->desc[desc_idx].flags
-                       & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) == 0) {
-                       /* Update used ring with desc information */
-                       vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
-                               = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
-                       vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
-                               = entry_len;
-
-                       entry_len = 0;
-                       cur_idx++;
-                       entry_success++;
-               }
-
-               vec_idx++;
-               vb_addr =
-                       gpa_to_vva(dev, vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
-
-               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
-               rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
-               vb_offset = 0;
-               vb_avail = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len;
-       }
-
-       cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
-
-       while (cpy_len > 0) {
-               /* Copy mbuf data to vring buffer */
-               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)(vb_addr + vb_offset),
-                       (const void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(pkt, char*) + seg_offset),
-                       cpy_len);
-
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev,
-                       (uintptr_t)(vb_addr + vb_offset),
-                       cpy_len, 0);
-
-               seg_offset += cpy_len;
-               vb_offset += cpy_len;
-               seg_avail -= cpy_len;
-               vb_avail -= cpy_len;
-               entry_len += cpy_len;
-
-               if (seg_avail != 0) {
-                       /*
-                        * The virtio buffer in this vring
-                        * entry reach to its end.
-                        * But the segment doesn't complete.
-                        */
-                       if ((vq->desc[vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx].flags &
-                               VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) == 0) {
-                               /* Update used ring with desc information */
-                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
-                                       = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
-                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
-                                       = entry_len;
-                               entry_len = 0;
-                               cur_idx++;
-                               entry_success++;
-                       }
-
-                       vec_idx++;
-                       vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev,
-                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
-                       vb_offset = 0;
-                       vb_avail = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len;
-                       cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
-               } else {
-                       /*
-                        * This current segment complete, need continue to
-                        * check if the whole packet complete or not.
-                        */
-                       pkt = pkt->next;
-                       if (pkt != NULL) {
-                               /*
-                                * There are more segments.
-                                */
-                               if (vb_avail == 0) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * This current buffer from vring is
-                                        * used up, need fetch next buffer
-                                        * from buf_vec.
-                                        */
-                                       uint32_t desc_idx =
-                                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
-                                       vq->desc[desc_idx].len = vb_offset;
-
-                                       if ((vq->desc[desc_idx].flags &
-                                               VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) == 0) {
-                                               uint16_t wrapped_idx =
-                                                       cur_idx & (vq->size - 1);
-                                               /*
-                                                * Update used ring with the
-                                                * descriptor information
-                                                */
-                                               vq->used->ring[wrapped_idx].id
-                                                       = desc_idx;
-                                               vq->used->ring[wrapped_idx].len
-                                                       = entry_len;
-                                               entry_success++;
-                                               entry_len = 0;
-                                               cur_idx++;
-                                       }
-
-                                       /* Get next buffer from buf_vec. */
-                                       vec_idx++;
-                                       vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev,
-                                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
-                                       vb_avail =
-                                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len;
-                                       vb_offset = 0;
-                               }
-
-                               seg_offset = 0;
-                               seg_avail = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(pkt);
-                               cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
-                       } else {
-                               /*
-                                * This whole packet completes.
-                                */
-                               uint32_t desc_idx =
-                                       vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
-                               vq->desc[desc_idx].len = vb_offset;
-
-                               while (vq->desc[desc_idx].flags &
-                                       VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
-                                       desc_idx = vq->desc[desc_idx].next;
-                                        vq->desc[desc_idx].len = 0;
-                               }
-
-                               /* Update used ring with desc information */
-                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
-                                       = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
-                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
-                                       = entry_len;
-                               entry_len = 0;
-                               cur_idx++;
-                               entry_success++;
-                               seg_avail = 0;
-                               cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-
-       return entry_success;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function adds buffers to the virtio devices RX virtqueue. Buffers can
- * be received from the physical port or from another virtio device. A packet
- * count is returned to indicate the number of packets that were succesfully
- * added to the RX queue. This function works for mergeable RX.
- */
-static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_dev_merge_rx(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf **pkts,
-       uint32_t count)
-{
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       uint32_t pkt_idx = 0, entry_success = 0;
-       uint32_t retry = 0;
-       uint16_t avail_idx, res_cur_idx;
-       uint16_t res_base_idx, res_end_idx;
-       uint8_t success = 0;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_merge_rx()\n",
-               dev->device_fh);
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
-       count = RTE_MIN((uint32_t)MAX_PKT_BURST, count);
-
-       if (count == 0)
-               return 0;
-
-       for (pkt_idx = 0; pkt_idx < count; pkt_idx++) {
-               uint32_t secure_len = 0;
-               uint16_t need_cnt;
-               uint32_t vec_idx = 0;
-               uint32_t pkt_len = pkts[pkt_idx]->pkt_len + vq->vhost_hlen;
-               uint16_t i, id;
-
-               do {
-                       /*
-                        * As many data cores may want access to available
-                        * buffers, they need to be reserved.
-                        */
-                       res_base_idx = vq->last_used_idx_res;
-                       res_cur_idx = res_base_idx;
-
-                       do {
-                               avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-                               if (unlikely(res_cur_idx == avail_idx)) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * If retry is enabled and the queue is
-                                        * full then we wait and retry to avoid
-                                        * packet loss.
-                                        */
-                                       if (enable_retry) {
-                                               uint8_t cont = 0;
-                                               for (retry = 0; retry < burst_rx_retry_num; retry++) {
-                                                       rte_delay_us(burst_rx_delay_time);
-                                                       avail_idx =
-                                                               *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-                                                       if (likely(res_cur_idx != avail_idx)) {
-                                                               cont = 1;
-                                                               break;
-                                                       }
-                                               }
-                                               if (cont == 1)
-                                                       continue;
-                                       }
-
-                                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                                               "(%"PRIu64") Failed "
-                                               "to get enough desc from "
-                                               "vring\n",
-                                               dev->device_fh);
-                                       return pkt_idx;
-                               } else {
-                                       uint16_t wrapped_idx =
-                                               (res_cur_idx) & (vq->size - 1);
-                                       uint32_t idx =
-                                               vq->avail->ring[wrapped_idx];
-                                       uint8_t next_desc;
-
-                                       do {
-                                               next_desc = 0;
-                                               secure_len += vq->desc[idx].len;
-                                               if (vq->desc[idx].flags &
-                                                       VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
-                                                       idx = vq->desc[idx].next;
-                                                       next_desc = 1;
-                                               }
-                                       } while (next_desc);
-
-                                       res_cur_idx++;
-                               }
-                       } while (pkt_len > secure_len);
-
-                       /* vq->last_used_idx_res is atomically updated. */
-                       success = rte_atomic16_cmpset(&vq->last_used_idx_res,
-                                                       res_base_idx,
-                                                       res_cur_idx);
-               } while (success == 0);
-
-               id = res_base_idx;
-               need_cnt = res_cur_idx - res_base_idx;
-
-               for (i = 0; i < need_cnt; i++, id++) {
-                       uint16_t wrapped_idx = id & (vq->size - 1);
-                       uint32_t idx = vq->avail->ring[wrapped_idx];
-                       uint8_t next_desc;
-                       do {
-                               next_desc = 0;
-                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr =
-                                       vq->desc[idx].addr;
-                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len =
-                                       vq->desc[idx].len;
-                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx = idx;
-                               vec_idx++;
-
-                               if (vq->desc[idx].flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
-                                       idx = vq->desc[idx].next;
-                                       next_desc = 1;
-                               }
-                       } while (next_desc);
-               }
-
-               res_end_idx = res_cur_idx;
-
-               entry_success = copy_from_mbuf_to_vring(dev, res_base_idx,
-                       res_end_idx, pkts[pkt_idx]);
-
-               rte_compiler_barrier();
-
-               /*
-                * Wait until it's our turn to add our buffer
-                * to the used ring.
-                */
-               while (unlikely(vq->last_used_idx != res_base_idx))
-                       rte_pause();
-
-               *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += entry_success;
-               vq->last_used_idx = res_end_idx;
-
-               /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
-               if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
-                       eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
-       }
-
-       return count;
-}
-
-/*
- * Compares a packet destination MAC address to a device MAC address.
- */
-static inline int __attribute__((always_inline))
-ether_addr_cmp(struct ether_addr *ea, struct ether_addr *eb)
-{
-       return (((*(uint64_t *)ea ^ *(uint64_t *)eb) & MAC_ADDR_CMP) == 0);
-}
-
-/*
- * This function learns the MAC address of the device and registers this along with a
- * vlan tag to a VMDQ.
- */
-static int
-link_vmdq(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf *m)
-{
-       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr;
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
-       int i, ret;
-
-       /* Learn MAC address of guest device from packet */
-       pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
-
-       dev_ll = ll_root_used;
-
-       while (dev_ll != NULL) {
-               if (ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->s_addr), &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
-                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") WARNING: This device is using an existing MAC address and has not been registered.\n", dev->device_fh);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-       }
-
-       for (i = 0; i < ETHER_ADDR_LEN; i++)
-               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[i] = pkt_hdr->s_addr.addr_bytes[i];
-
-       /* vlan_tag currently uses the device_id. */
-       dev->vlan_tag = vlan_tags[dev->device_fh];
-
-       /* Print out VMDQ registration info. */
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") MAC_ADDRESS %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x and VLAN_TAG %d registered\n",
-               dev->device_fh,
-               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[0], dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[1],
-               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[2], dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[3],
-               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[4], dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[5],
-               dev->vlan_tag);
-
-       /* Register the MAC address. */
-       ret = rte_eth_dev_mac_addr_add(ports[0], &dev->mac_address, (uint32_t)dev->device_fh);
-       if (ret)
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to add device MAC address to VMDQ\n",
-                                       dev->device_fh);
-
-       /* Enable stripping of the vlan tag as we handle routing. */
-       rte_eth_dev_set_vlan_strip_on_queue(ports[0], (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, 1);
-
-       /* Set device as ready for RX. */
-       dev->ready = DEVICE_RX;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Removes MAC address and vlan tag from VMDQ. Ensures that nothing is adding buffers to the RX
- * queue before disabling RX on the device.
- */
-static inline void
-unlink_vmdq(struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       unsigned i = 0;
-       unsigned rx_count;
-       struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
-
-       if (dev->ready == DEVICE_RX) {
-               /*clear MAC and VLAN settings*/
-               rte_eth_dev_mac_addr_remove(ports[0], &dev->mac_address);
-               for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
-                       dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[i] = 0;
-
-               dev->vlan_tag = 0;
-
-               /*Clear out the receive buffers*/
-               rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
-                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst, MAX_PKT_BURST);
-
-               while (rx_count) {
-                       for (i = 0; i < rx_count; i++)
-                               rte_pktmbuf_free(pkts_burst[i]);
-
-                       rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
-                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst, MAX_PKT_BURST);
-               }
-
-               dev->ready = DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING;
-       }
-}
-
-/*
- * Check if the packet destination MAC address is for a local device. If so then put
- * the packet on that devices RX queue. If not then return.
- */
-static inline unsigned __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_tx_local(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf *m)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
-       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr;
-       uint64_t ret = 0;
-
-       pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
-
-       /*get the used devices list*/
-       dev_ll = ll_root_used;
-
-       while (dev_ll != NULL) {
-               if ((dev_ll->dev->ready == DEVICE_RX) && ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->d_addr),
-                                         &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
-
-                       /* Drop the packet if the TX packet is destined for the TX device. */
-                       if (dev_ll->dev->device_fh == dev->device_fh) {
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") TX: Source and destination MAC addresses are the same. Dropping packet.\n",
-                                                       dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
-                               return 0;
-                       }
-
-
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") TX: MAC address is local\n", dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
-
-                       if (dev_ll->dev->remove) {
-                               /*drop the packet if the device is marked for removal*/
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Device is marked for removal\n", dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
-                       } else {
-                               uint32_t mergeable =
-                                       dev_ll->dev->features &
-                                       (1 << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
-
-                               /*send the packet to the local virtio device*/
-                               if (likely(mergeable == 0))
-                                       ret = virtio_dev_rx(dev_ll->dev, &m, 1);
-                               else
-                                       ret = virtio_dev_merge_rx(dev_ll->dev,
-                                               &m, 1);
-
-                               if (enable_stats) {
-                                       rte_atomic64_add(
-                                       &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_total_atomic,
-                                       1);
-                                       rte_atomic64_add(
-                                       &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_atomic,
-                                       ret);
-                                       dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx_total++;
-                                       dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx += ret;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       return 0;
-               }
-               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-       }
-
-       return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function routes the TX packet to the correct interface. This may be a local device
- * or the physical port.
- */
-static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_tx_route(struct virtio_net* dev, struct rte_mbuf *m, struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool, uint16_t vlan_tag)
-{
-       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
-       struct vlan_ethhdr *vlan_hdr;
-       struct rte_mbuf **m_table;
-       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf, *prev;
-       unsigned len, ret, offset = 0;
-       const uint16_t lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll = ll_root_used;
-       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
-
-       /*check if destination is local VM*/
-       if ((vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_SOFTWARE) && (virtio_tx_local(dev, m) == 0))
-               return;
-
-       if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
-               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
-                       if ((dev_ll->dev->ready == DEVICE_RX)
-                               && ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->d_addr),
-                               &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
-                               /*
-                                * Drop the packet if the TX packet is
-                                * destined for the TX device.
-                                */
-                               if (dev_ll->dev->device_fh == dev->device_fh) {
-                                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                                       "(%"PRIu64") TX: Source and destination"
-                                       " MAC addresses are the same. Dropping "
-                                       "packet.\n",
-                                       dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
-                                       return;
-                               }
-                               offset = 4;
-                               vlan_tag =
-                               (uint16_t)
-                               vlan_tags[(uint16_t)dev_ll->dev->device_fh];
-
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") TX: pkt to local VM device id:"
-                               "(%"PRIu64") vlan tag: %d.\n",
-                               dev->device_fh, dev_ll->dev->device_fh,
-                               vlan_tag);
-
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-               }
-       }
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") TX: MAC address is external\n", dev->device_fh);
-
-       /*Add packet to the port tx queue*/
-       tx_q = &lcore_tx_queue[lcore_id];
-       len = tx_q->len;
-
-       /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
-       mbuf = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
-       if (unlikely(mbuf == NULL)) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
-                       "Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
-               return;
-       }
-
-       mbuf->data_len = m->data_len + VLAN_HLEN + offset;
-       mbuf->pkt_len = m->pkt_len + VLAN_HLEN + offset;
-       mbuf->nb_segs = m->nb_segs;
-
-       /* Copy ethernet header to mbuf. */
-       rte_memcpy(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, void *),
-               rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, const void *),
-               ETH_HLEN);
-
-
-       /* Setup vlan header. Bytes need to be re-ordered for network with htons()*/
-       vlan_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, struct vlan_ethhdr *);
-       vlan_hdr->h_vlan_encapsulated_proto = vlan_hdr->h_vlan_proto;
-       vlan_hdr->h_vlan_proto = htons(ETH_P_8021Q);
-       vlan_hdr->h_vlan_TCI = htons(vlan_tag);
-
-       /* Copy the remaining packet contents to the mbuf. */
-       rte_memcpy((void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, uint8_t *) + VLAN_ETH_HLEN),
-               (const void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, uint8_t *) + ETH_HLEN),
-               (m->data_len - ETH_HLEN));
-
-       /* Copy the remaining segments for the whole packet. */
-       prev = mbuf;
-       while (m->next) {
-               /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
-               struct rte_mbuf *next_mbuf = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
-               if (unlikely(next_mbuf == NULL)) {
-                       rte_pktmbuf_free(mbuf);
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
-                               "Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
-                       return;
-               }
-
-               m = m->next;
-               prev->next = next_mbuf;
-               prev = next_mbuf;
-               next_mbuf->data_len = m->data_len;
-
-               /* Copy data to next mbuf. */
-               rte_memcpy(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(next_mbuf, void *),
-                       rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, const void *), m->data_len);
-       }
-
-       tx_q->m_table[len] = mbuf;
-       len++;
-       if (enable_stats) {
-               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx_total++;
-               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx++;
-       }
-
-       if (unlikely(len == MAX_PKT_BURST)) {
-               m_table = (struct rte_mbuf **)tx_q->m_table;
-               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(ports[0], (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id, m_table, (uint16_t) len);
-               /* Free any buffers not handled by TX and update the port stats. */
-               if (unlikely(ret < len)) {
-                       do {
-                               rte_pktmbuf_free(m_table[ret]);
-                       } while (++ret < len);
-               }
-
-               len = 0;
-       }
-
-       tx_q->len = len;
-       return;
-}
-
-static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_dev_tx(struct virtio_net* dev, struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool)
-{
-       struct rte_mbuf m;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       struct vring_desc *desc;
-       uint64_t buff_addr = 0;
-       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST];
-       uint32_t used_idx;
-       uint32_t i;
-       uint16_t free_entries, packet_success = 0;
-       uint16_t avail_idx;
-
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
-       avail_idx =  *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-
-       /* If there are no available buffers then return. */
-       if (vq->last_used_idx == avail_idx)
-               return;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_tx()\n", dev->device_fh);
-
-       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve head indexes. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
-
-       /*get the number of free entries in the ring*/
-       free_entries = (avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx);
-
-       /* Limit to MAX_PKT_BURST. */
-       if (free_entries > MAX_PKT_BURST)
-               free_entries = MAX_PKT_BURST;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Buffers available %d\n", dev->device_fh, free_entries);
-       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
-       for (i = 0; i < free_entries; i++)
-               head[i] = vq->avail->ring[(vq->last_used_idx + i) & (vq->size - 1)];
-
-       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
-
-       while (packet_success < free_entries) {
-               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
-
-               /* Discard first buffer as it is the virtio header */
-               desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
-
-               /* Buffer address translation. */
-               buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
-               rte_prefetch0((void*)(uintptr_t)buff_addr);
-
-               used_idx = vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1);
-
-               if (packet_success < (free_entries - 1)) {
-                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success+1]]);
-                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[(used_idx + 1) & (vq->size - 1)]);
-               }
-
-               /* Update used index buffer information. */
-               vq->used->ring[used_idx].id = head[packet_success];
-               vq->used->ring[used_idx].len = 0;
-
-               /* Setup dummy mbuf. This is copied to a real mbuf if transmitted out the physical port. */
-               m.data_len = desc->len;
-               m.pkt_len = desc->len;
-               m.data_off = 0;
-
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_addr, desc->len, 0);
-
-               /* If this is the first received packet we need to learn the MAC and setup VMDQ */
-               if (dev->ready == DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING) {
-                       if (dev->remove || (link_vmdq(dev, &m) == -1)) {
-                               /*discard frame if device is scheduled for removal or a duplicate MAC address is found. */
-                               packet_success += free_entries;
-                               vq->last_used_idx += packet_success;
-                               break;
-                       }
-               }
-               virtio_tx_route(dev, &m, mbuf_pool, (uint16_t)dev->device_fh);
-
-               vq->last_used_idx++;
-               packet_success++;
-       }
-
-       rte_compiler_barrier();
-       vq->used->idx += packet_success;
-       /* Kick guest if required. */
-       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
-               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
-}
-
-/* This function works for TX packets with mergeable feature enabled. */
-static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_dev_merge_tx(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool)
-{
-       struct rte_mbuf *m, *prev;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       struct vring_desc *desc;
-       uint64_t vb_addr = 0;
-       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST];
-       uint32_t used_idx;
-       uint32_t i;
-       uint16_t free_entries, entry_success = 0;
-       uint16_t avail_idx;
-       uint32_t buf_size = MBUF_SIZE - (sizeof(struct rte_mbuf)
-                       + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM);
-
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
-       avail_idx =  *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-
-       /* If there are no available buffers then return. */
-       if (vq->last_used_idx == avail_idx)
-               return;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_merge_tx()\n",
-               dev->device_fh);
-
-       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve head indexes. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
-
-       /*get the number of free entries in the ring*/
-       free_entries = (avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx);
-
-       /* Limit to MAX_PKT_BURST. */
-       free_entries = RTE_MIN(free_entries, MAX_PKT_BURST);
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Buffers available %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, free_entries);
-       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
-       for (i = 0; i < free_entries; i++)
-               head[i] = vq->avail->ring[(vq->last_used_idx + i) & (vq->size - 1)];
-
-       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[entry_success]]);
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
-
-       while (entry_success < free_entries) {
-               uint32_t vb_avail, vb_offset;
-               uint32_t seg_avail, seg_offset;
-               uint32_t cpy_len;
-               uint32_t seg_num = 0;
-               struct rte_mbuf *cur;
-               uint8_t alloc_err = 0;
-
-               desc = &vq->desc[head[entry_success]];
-
-               /* Discard first buffer as it is the virtio header */
-               desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
-
-               /* Buffer address translation. */
-               vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
-               rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
-
-               used_idx = vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1);
-
-               if (entry_success < (free_entries - 1)) {
-                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[entry_success+1]]);
-                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[(used_idx + 1) & (vq->size - 1)]);
-               }
-
-               /* Update used index buffer information. */
-               vq->used->ring[used_idx].id = head[entry_success];
-               vq->used->ring[used_idx].len = 0;
-
-               vb_offset = 0;
-               vb_avail = desc->len;
-               seg_offset = 0;
-               seg_avail = buf_size;
-               cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
-
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)vb_addr, desc->len, 0);
-
-               /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
-               m = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
-               if (unlikely(m == NULL)) {
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
-                               "Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
-                       return;
-               }
-
-               seg_num++;
-               cur = m;
-               prev = m;
-               while (cpy_len != 0) {
-                       rte_memcpy((void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(cur, char *) + seg_offset),
-                               (void *)((uintptr_t)(vb_addr + vb_offset)),
-                               cpy_len);
-
-                       seg_offset += cpy_len;
-                       vb_offset += cpy_len;
-                       vb_avail -= cpy_len;
-                       seg_avail -= cpy_len;
-
-                       if (vb_avail != 0) {
-                               /*
-                                * The segment reachs to its end,
-                                * while the virtio buffer in TX vring has
-                                * more data to be copied.
-                                */
-                               cur->data_len = seg_offset;
-                               m->pkt_len += seg_offset;
-                               /* Allocate mbuf and populate the structure. */
-                               cur = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
-                               if (unlikely(cur == NULL)) {
-                                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "Failed to "
-                                               "allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
-                                       rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
-                                       alloc_err = 1;
-                                       break;
-                               }
-
-                               seg_num++;
-                               prev->next = cur;
-                               prev = cur;
-                               seg_offset = 0;
-                               seg_avail = buf_size;
-                       } else {
-                               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
-                                       /*
-                                        * There are more virtio buffers in
-                                        * same vring entry need to be copied.
-                                        */
-                                       if (seg_avail == 0) {
-                                               /*
-                                                * The current segment hasn't
-                                                * room to accomodate more
-                                                * data.
-                                                */
-                                               cur->data_len = seg_offset;
-                                               m->pkt_len += seg_offset;
-                                               /*
-                                                * Allocate an mbuf and
-                                                * populate the structure.
-                                                */
-                                               cur = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
-                                               if (unlikely(cur == NULL)) {
-                                                       RTE_LOG(ERR,
-                                                               VHOST_DATA,
-                                                               "Failed to "
-                                                               "allocate memory "
-                                                               "for mbuf\n");
-                                                       rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
-                                                       alloc_err = 1;
-                                                       break;
-                                               }
-                                               seg_num++;
-                                               prev->next = cur;
-                                               prev = cur;
-                                               seg_offset = 0;
-                                               seg_avail = buf_size;
-                                       }
-
-                                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
-
-                                       /* Buffer address translation. */
-                                       vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-                                       /* Prefetch buffer address. */
-                                       rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
-                                       vb_offset = 0;
-                                       vb_avail = desc->len;
-
-                                       PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)vb_addr,
-                                               desc->len, 0);
-                               } else {
-                                       /* The whole packet completes. */
-                                       cur->data_len = seg_offset;
-                                       m->pkt_len += seg_offset;
-                                       vb_avail = 0;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
-               }
-
-               if (unlikely(alloc_err == 1))
-                       break;
-
-               m->nb_segs = seg_num;
-
-               /*
-                * If this is the first received packet we need to learn
-                * the MAC and setup VMDQ
-                */
-               if (dev->ready == DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING) {
-                       if (dev->remove || (link_vmdq(dev, m) == -1)) {
-                               /*
-                                * Discard frame if device is scheduled for
-                                * removal or a duplicate MAC address is found.
-                                */
-                               entry_success = free_entries;
-                               vq->last_used_idx += entry_success;
-                               rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
-                               break;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               virtio_tx_route(dev, m, mbuf_pool, (uint16_t)dev->device_fh);
-               vq->last_used_idx++;
-               entry_success++;
-               rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
-       }
-
-       rte_compiler_barrier();
-       vq->used->idx += entry_success;
-       /* Kick guest if required. */
-       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
-               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
-
-}
-
-/*
- * This function is called by each data core. It handles all RX/TX registered with the
- * core. For TX the specific lcore linked list is used. For RX, MAC addresses are compared
- * with all devices in the main linked list.
- */
-static int
-switch_worker(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg)
-{
-       struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool = arg;
-       struct virtio_net *dev = NULL;
-       struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
-       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
-       volatile struct lcore_ll_info *lcore_ll;
-       const uint64_t drain_tsc = (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) / US_PER_S * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;
-       uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc, ret_count = 0;
-       unsigned ret, i;
-       const uint16_t lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
-       const uint16_t num_cores = (uint16_t)rte_lcore_count();
-       uint16_t rx_count = 0;
-       uint32_t mergeable = 0;
-
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "Procesing on Core %u started\n", lcore_id);
-       lcore_ll = lcore_info[lcore_id].lcore_ll;
-       prev_tsc = 0;
-
-       tx_q = &lcore_tx_queue[lcore_id];
-       for (i = 0; i < num_cores; i ++) {
-               if (lcore_ids[i] == lcore_id) {
-                       tx_q->txq_id = i;
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       while(1) {
-               cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
-               /*
-                * TX burst queue drain
-                */
-               diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
-               if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
-
-                       if (tx_q->len) {
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "TX queue drained after timeout with burst size %u \n", tx_q->len);
-
-                               /*Tx any packets in the queue*/
-                               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(ports[0], (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id,
-                                                                          (struct rte_mbuf **)tx_q->m_table,
-                                                                          (uint16_t)tx_q->len);
-                               if (unlikely(ret < tx_q->len)) {
-                                       do {
-                                               rte_pktmbuf_free(tx_q->m_table[ret]);
-                                       } while (++ret < tx_q->len);
-                               }
-
-                               tx_q->len = 0;
-                       }
-
-                       prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
-
-               }
-
-               rte_prefetch0(lcore_ll->ll_root_used);
-               /*
-                * Inform the configuration core that we have exited the linked list and that no devices are
-                * in use if requested.
-                */
-               if (lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag == REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL)
-                       lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = ACK_DEV_REMOVAL;
-
-               /*
-                * Process devices
-                */
-               dev_ll = lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
-
-               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
-                       /*get virtio device ID*/
-                       dev = dev_ll->dev;
-                       mergeable =
-                               dev->features & (1 << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
-
-                       if (dev->remove) {
-                               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-                               unlink_vmdq(dev);
-                               dev->ready = DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE;
-                               continue;
-                       }
-                       if (likely(dev->ready == DEVICE_RX)) {
-                               /*Handle guest RX*/
-                               rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
-                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst, MAX_PKT_BURST);
-
-                               if (rx_count) {
-                                       if (likely(mergeable == 0))
-                                               ret_count =
-                                                       virtio_dev_rx(dev,
-                                                       pkts_burst, rx_count);
-                                       else
-                                               ret_count =
-                                                       virtio_dev_merge_rx(dev,
-                                                       pkts_burst, rx_count);
-
-                                       if (enable_stats) {
-                                               rte_atomic64_add(
-                                               &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_total_atomic,
-                                               rx_count);
-                                               rte_atomic64_add(
-                                               &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_atomic, ret_count);
-                                       }
-                                       while (likely(rx_count)) {
-                                               rx_count--;
-                                               rte_pktmbuf_free(pkts_burst[rx_count]);
-                                       }
-
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if (!dev->remove) {
-                               /*Handle guest TX*/
-                               if (likely(mergeable == 0))
-                                       virtio_dev_tx(dev, mbuf_pool);
-                               else
-                                       virtio_dev_merge_tx(dev, mbuf_pool);
-                       }
-
-                       /*move to the next device in the list*/
-                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-               }
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function gets available ring number for zero copy rx.
- * Only one thread will call this funciton for a paticular virtio device,
- * so, it is designed as non-thread-safe function.
- */
-static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-get_available_ring_num_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
-       uint16_t avail_idx;
-
-       avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-       return (uint32_t)(avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx_res);
-}
-
-/*
- * This function gets available ring index for zero copy rx,
- * it will retry 'burst_rx_retry_num' times till it get enough ring index.
- * Only one thread will call this funciton for a paticular virtio device,
- * so, it is designed as non-thread-safe function.
- */
-static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-get_available_ring_index_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev,
-       uint16_t *res_base_idx, uint32_t count)
-{
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
-       uint16_t avail_idx;
-       uint32_t retry = 0;
-       uint16_t free_entries;
-
-       *res_base_idx = vq->last_used_idx_res;
-       avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-       free_entries = (avail_idx - *res_base_idx);
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") in get_available_ring_index_zcp: "
-                       "avail idx: %d, "
-                       "res base idx:%d, free entries:%d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, avail_idx, *res_base_idx,
-                       free_entries);
-
-       /*
-        * If retry is enabled and the queue is full then we wait
-        * and retry to avoid packet loss.
-        */
-       if (enable_retry && unlikely(count > free_entries)) {
-               for (retry = 0; retry < burst_rx_retry_num; retry++) {
-                       rte_delay_us(burst_rx_delay_time);
-                       avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-                       free_entries = (avail_idx - *res_base_idx);
-                       if (count <= free_entries)
-                               break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       /*check that we have enough buffers*/
-       if (unlikely(count > free_entries))
-               count = free_entries;
-
-       if (unlikely(count == 0)) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") Fail in get_available_ring_index_zcp: "
-                       "avail idx: %d, res base idx:%d, free entries:%d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, avail_idx,
-                       *res_base_idx, free_entries);
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       vq->last_used_idx_res = *res_base_idx + count;
-
-       return count;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function put descriptor back to used list.
- */
-static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
-put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq, uint16_t desc_idx)
-{
-       uint16_t res_cur_idx = vq->last_used_idx;
-       vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
-       vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len = 0;
-       rte_compiler_barrier();
-       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += 1;
-       vq->last_used_idx += 1;
-
-       /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
-       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
-               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
-}
-
-/*
- * This function get available descriptor from vitio vring and un-attached mbuf
- * from vpool->ring, and then attach them together. It needs adjust the offset
- * for buff_addr and phys_addr accroding to PMD implementation, otherwise the
- * frame data may be put to wrong location in mbuf.
- */
-static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
-attach_rxmbuf_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       uint16_t res_base_idx, desc_idx;
-       uint64_t buff_addr, phys_addr;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       struct vring_desc *desc;
-       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf = NULL;
-       struct vpool *vpool;
-       hpa_type addr_type;
-
-       vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
-
-       do {
-               if (unlikely(get_available_ring_index_zcp(dev, &res_base_idx,
-                               1) != 1))
-                       return;
-               desc_idx = vq->avail->ring[(res_base_idx) & (vq->size - 1)];
-
-               desc = &vq->desc[desc_idx];
-               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
-                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
-                       buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-                       phys_addr = gpa_to_hpa(dev, desc->addr, desc->len,
-                                       &addr_type);
-               } else {
-                       buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev,
-                                       desc->addr + vq->vhost_hlen);
-                       phys_addr = gpa_to_hpa(dev,
-                                       desc->addr + vq->vhost_hlen,
-                                       desc->len, &addr_type);
-               }
-
-               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_INVALID)) {
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Invalid frame buffer"
-                               " address found when attaching RX frame buffer"
-                               " address!\n", dev->device_fh);
-                       put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               /*
-                * Check if the frame buffer address from guest crosses
-                * sub-region or not.
-                */
-               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG)) {
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") Frame buffer address cross "
-                               "sub-regioin found when attaching RX frame "
-                               "buffer address!\n",
-                               dev->device_fh);
-                       put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
-                       continue;
-               }
-       } while (unlikely(phys_addr == 0));
-
-       rte_ring_sc_dequeue(vpool->ring, (void **)&mbuf);
-       if (unlikely(mbuf == NULL)) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") in attach_rxmbuf_zcp: "
-                       "ring_sc_dequeue fail.\n",
-                       dev->device_fh);
-               put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
-               return;
-       }
-
-       if (unlikely(vpool->buf_size > desc->len)) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") in attach_rxmbuf_zcp: frame buffer "
-                       "length(%d) of descriptor idx: %d less than room "
-                       "size required: %d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, desc->len, desc_idx, vpool->buf_size);
-               put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
-               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool->ring, (void *)mbuf);
-               return;
-       }
-
-       mbuf->buf_addr = (void *)(uintptr_t)(buff_addr - RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM);
-       mbuf->data_off = RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
-       mbuf->buf_physaddr = phys_addr - RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
-       mbuf->data_len = desc->len;
-       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf) = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in attach_rxmbuf_zcp: res base idx:%d, "
-               "descriptor idx:%d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, res_base_idx, desc_idx);
-
-       __rte_mbuf_raw_free(mbuf);
-
-       return;
-}
-
-/*
- * Detach an attched packet mbuf -
- *  - restore original mbuf address and length values.
- *  - reset pktmbuf data and data_len to their default values.
- *  All other fields of the given packet mbuf will be left intact.
- *
- * @param m
- *   The attached packet mbuf.
- */
-static inline void pktmbuf_detach_zcp(struct rte_mbuf *m)
-{
-       const struct rte_mempool *mp = m->pool;
-       void *buf = RTE_MBUF_TO_BADDR(m);
-       uint32_t buf_ofs;
-       uint32_t buf_len = mp->elt_size - sizeof(*m);
-       m->buf_physaddr = rte_mempool_virt2phy(mp, m) + sizeof(*m);
-
-       m->buf_addr = buf;
-       m->buf_len = (uint16_t)buf_len;
-
-       buf_ofs = (RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM <= m->buf_len) ?
-                       RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM : m->buf_len;
-       m->data_off = buf_ofs;
-
-       m->data_len = 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function is called after packets have been transimited. It fetchs mbuf
- * from vpool->pool, detached it and put into vpool->ring. It also update the
- * used index and kick the guest if necessary.
- */
-static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-txmbuf_clean_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev, struct vpool *vpool)
-{
-       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
-       uint32_t used_idx = vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1);
-       uint32_t index = 0;
-       uint32_t mbuf_count = rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool);
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in mempool before "
-               "clean is: %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, mbuf_count);
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in  ring before "
-               "clean  is : %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
-
-       for (index = 0; index < mbuf_count; index++) {
-               mbuf = __rte_mbuf_raw_alloc(vpool->pool);
-               if (likely(RTE_MBUF_INDIRECT(mbuf)))
-                       pktmbuf_detach_zcp(mbuf);
-               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool->ring, mbuf);
-
-               /* Update used index buffer information. */
-               vq->used->ring[used_idx].id = MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf);
-               vq->used->ring[used_idx].len = 0;
-
-               used_idx = (used_idx + 1) & (vq->size - 1);
-       }
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in mempool after "
-               "clean is: %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool));
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in  ring after "
-               "clean  is : %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: before updated "
-               "vq->last_used_idx:%d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx);
-
-       vq->last_used_idx += mbuf_count;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: after updated "
-               "vq->last_used_idx:%d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx);
-
-       rte_compiler_barrier();
-
-       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += mbuf_count;
-
-       /* Kick guest if required. */
-       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
-               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function is called when a virtio device is destroy.
- * It fetchs mbuf from vpool->pool, and detached it, and put into vpool->ring.
- */
-static void mbuf_destroy_zcp(struct vpool *vpool)
-{
-       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf = NULL;
-       uint32_t index, mbuf_count = rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool);
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in mempool before "
-               "mbuf_destroy_zcp is: %d\n",
-               mbuf_count);
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in  ring before "
-               "mbuf_destroy_zcp  is : %d\n",
-               rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
-
-       for (index = 0; index < mbuf_count; index++) {
-               mbuf = __rte_mbuf_raw_alloc(vpool->pool);
-               if (likely(mbuf != NULL)) {
-                       if (likely(RTE_MBUF_INDIRECT(mbuf)))
-                               pktmbuf_detach_zcp(mbuf);
-                       rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool->ring, (void *)mbuf);
-               }
-       }
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in mempool after "
-               "mbuf_destroy_zcp is: %d\n",
-               rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool));
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in ring after "
-               "mbuf_destroy_zcp is : %d\n",
-               rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
-}
-
-/*
- * This function update the use flag and counter.
- */
-static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_dev_rx_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf **pkts,
-       uint32_t count)
-{
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       struct vring_desc *desc;
-       struct rte_mbuf *buff;
-       /* The virtio_hdr is initialised to 0. */
-       struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf virtio_hdr
-               = {{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, 0};
-       uint64_t buff_hdr_addr = 0;
-       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST], packet_len = 0;
-       uint32_t head_idx, packet_success = 0;
-       uint16_t res_cur_idx;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_rx()\n", dev->device_fh);
-
-       if (count == 0)
-               return 0;
-
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
-       count = (count > MAX_PKT_BURST) ? MAX_PKT_BURST : count;
-
-       res_cur_idx = vq->last_used_idx;
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Current Index %d| End Index %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, res_cur_idx, res_cur_idx + count);
-
-       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
-       for (head_idx = 0; head_idx < count; head_idx++)
-               head[head_idx] = MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(pkts[head_idx]);
-
-       /*Prefetch descriptor index. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
-
-       while (packet_success != count) {
-               /* Get descriptor from available ring */
-               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
-
-               buff = pkts[packet_success];
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") in dev_rx_zcp: update the used idx for "
-                       "pkt[%d] descriptor idx: %d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, packet_success,
-                       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(buff));
-
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev,
-                       (uintptr_t)(((uint64_t)(uintptr_t)buff->buf_addr)
-                       + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM),
-                       rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff), 0);
-
-               /* Buffer address translation for virtio header. */
-               buff_hdr_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-               packet_len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff) + vq->vhost_hlen;
-
-               /*
-                * If the descriptors are chained the header and data are
-                * placed in separate buffers.
-                */
-               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
-                       desc->len = vq->vhost_hlen;
-                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
-                       desc->len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff);
-               } else {
-                       desc->len = packet_len;
-               }
-
-               /* Update used ring with desc information */
-               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
-                       = head[packet_success];
-               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
-                       = packet_len;
-               res_cur_idx++;
-               packet_success++;
-
-               /* A header is required per buffer. */
-               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr,
-                       (const void *)&virtio_hdr, vq->vhost_hlen);
-
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr, vq->vhost_hlen, 1);
-
-               if (likely(packet_success < count)) {
-                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
-               }
-       }
-
-       rte_compiler_barrier();
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in dev_rx_zcp: before update used idx: "
-               "vq.last_used_idx: %d, vq->used->idx: %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx, vq->used->idx);
-
-       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += count;
-       vq->last_used_idx += count;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in dev_rx_zcp: after  update used idx: "
-               "vq.last_used_idx: %d, vq->used->idx: %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx, vq->used->idx);
-
-       /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
-       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
-               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
-
-       return count;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function routes the TX packet to the correct interface.
- * This may be a local device or the physical port.
- */
-static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_tx_route_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf *m,
-       uint32_t desc_idx, uint8_t need_copy)
-{
-       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
-       struct rte_mbuf **m_table;
-       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf = NULL;
-       unsigned len, ret, offset = 0;
-       struct vpool *vpool;
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll = ll_root_used;
-       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
-       uint16_t vlan_tag = (uint16_t)vlan_tags[(uint16_t)dev->device_fh];
-
-       /*Add packet to the port tx queue*/
-       tx_q = &tx_queue_zcp[(uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-       len = tx_q->len;
-
-       /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
-       vpool = &vpool_array[MAX_QUEUES + (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-       rte_ring_sc_dequeue(vpool->ring, (void **)&mbuf);
-       if (unlikely(mbuf == NULL)) {
-               struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n",
-                       dev->device_fh);
-               put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
-               return;
-       }
-
-       if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
-               /* Avoid using a vlan tag from any vm for external pkt, such as
-                * vlan_tags[dev->device_fh], oterwise, it conflicts when pool
-                * selection, MAC address determines it as an external pkt
-                * which should go to network, while vlan tag determine it as
-                * a vm2vm pkt should forward to another vm. Hardware confuse
-                * such a ambiguous situation, so pkt will lost.
-                */
-               vlan_tag = external_pkt_default_vlan_tag;
-               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
-                       if (likely(dev_ll->dev->ready == DEVICE_RX) &&
-                               ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->d_addr),
-                               &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
-
-                               /*
-                                * Drop the packet if the TX packet is destined
-                                * for the TX device.
-                                */
-                               if (unlikely(dev_ll->dev->device_fh
-                                       == dev->device_fh)) {
-                                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                                       "(%"PRIu64") TX: Source and destination"
-                                       "MAC addresses are the same. Dropping "
-                                       "packet.\n",
-                                       dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
-                                       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf)
-                                               = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
-                                       __rte_mbuf_raw_free(mbuf);
-                                       return;
-                               }
-
-                               /*
-                                * Packet length offset 4 bytes for HW vlan
-                                * strip when L2 switch back.
-                                */
-                               offset = 4;
-                               vlan_tag =
-                               (uint16_t)
-                               vlan_tags[(uint16_t)dev_ll->dev->device_fh];
-
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") TX: pkt to local VM device id:"
-                               "(%"PRIu64") vlan tag: %d.\n",
-                               dev->device_fh, dev_ll->dev->device_fh,
-                               vlan_tag);
-
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-               }
-       }
-
-       mbuf->nb_segs = m->nb_segs;
-       mbuf->next = m->next;
-       mbuf->data_len = m->data_len + offset;
-       mbuf->pkt_len = mbuf->data_len;
-       if (unlikely(need_copy)) {
-               /* Copy the packet contents to the mbuf. */
-               rte_memcpy(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, void *),
-                       rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, void *),
-                       m->data_len);
-       } else {
-               mbuf->data_off = m->data_off;
-               mbuf->buf_physaddr = m->buf_physaddr;
-               mbuf->buf_addr = m->buf_addr;
-       }
-       mbuf->ol_flags = PKT_TX_VLAN_PKT;
-       mbuf->vlan_tci = vlan_tag;
-       mbuf->l2_len = sizeof(struct ether_hdr);
-       mbuf->l3_len = sizeof(struct ipv4_hdr);
-       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf) = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
-
-       tx_q->m_table[len] = mbuf;
-       len++;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-               "(%"PRIu64") in tx_route_zcp: pkt: nb_seg: %d, next:%s\n",
-               dev->device_fh,
-               mbuf->nb_segs,
-               (mbuf->next == NULL) ? "null" : "non-null");
-
-       if (enable_stats) {
-               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx_total++;
-               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx++;
-       }
-
-       if (unlikely(len == MAX_PKT_BURST)) {
-               m_table = (struct rte_mbuf **)tx_q->m_table;
-               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(ports[0],
-                       (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id, m_table, (uint16_t) len);
-
-               /*
-                * Free any buffers not handled by TX and update
-                * the port stats.
-                */
-               if (unlikely(ret < len)) {
-                       do {
-                               rte_pktmbuf_free(m_table[ret]);
-                       } while (++ret < len);
-               }
-
-               len = 0;
-               txmbuf_clean_zcp(dev, vpool);
-       }
-
-       tx_q->len = len;
-
-       return;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function TX all available packets in virtio TX queue for one
- * virtio-net device. If it is first packet, it learns MAC address and
- * setup VMDQ.
- */
-static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
-virtio_dev_tx_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       struct rte_mbuf m;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-       struct vring_desc *desc;
-       uint64_t buff_addr = 0, phys_addr;
-       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST];
-       uint32_t i;
-       uint16_t free_entries, packet_success = 0;
-       uint16_t avail_idx;
-       uint8_t need_copy = 0;
-       hpa_type addr_type;
-
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
-       avail_idx =  *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
-
-       /* If there are no available buffers then return. */
-       if (vq->last_used_idx_res == avail_idx)
-               return;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_tx()\n", dev->device_fh);
-
-       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve head indexes. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[vq->last_used_idx_res & (vq->size - 1)]);
-
-       /* Get the number of free entries in the ring */
-       free_entries = (avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx_res);
-
-       /* Limit to MAX_PKT_BURST. */
-       free_entries
-               = (free_entries > MAX_PKT_BURST) ? MAX_PKT_BURST : free_entries;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Buffers available %d\n",
-               dev->device_fh, free_entries);
-
-       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
-       for (i = 0; i < free_entries; i++)
-               head[i]
-                       = vq->avail->ring[(vq->last_used_idx_res + i)
-                       & (vq->size - 1)];
-
-       vq->last_used_idx_res += free_entries;
-
-       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
-       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
-
-       while (packet_success < free_entries) {
-               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
-
-               /* Discard first buffer as it is the virtio header */
-               desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
-
-               /* Buffer address translation. */
-               buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
-               phys_addr = gpa_to_hpa(dev, desc->addr, desc->len, &addr_type);
-
-               if (likely(packet_success < (free_entries - 1)))
-                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
-                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success + 1]]);
-
-               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_INVALID)) {
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") Invalid frame buffer address found"
-                               "when TX packets!\n",
-                               dev->device_fh);
-                       packet_success++;
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
-               rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_addr);
-
-               /*
-                * Setup dummy mbuf. This is copied to a real mbuf if
-                * transmitted out the physical port.
-                */
-               m.data_len = desc->len;
-               m.nb_segs = 1;
-               m.next = NULL;
-               m.data_off = 0;
-               m.buf_addr = (void *)(uintptr_t)buff_addr;
-               m.buf_physaddr = phys_addr;
-
-               /*
-                * Check if the frame buffer address from guest crosses
-                * sub-region or not.
-                */
-               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG)) {
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") Frame buffer address cross "
-                               "sub-regioin found when attaching TX frame "
-                               "buffer address!\n",
-                               dev->device_fh);
-                       need_copy = 1;
-               } else
-                       need_copy = 0;
-
-               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_addr, desc->len, 0);
-
-               /*
-                * If this is the first received packet we need to learn
-                * the MAC and setup VMDQ
-                */
-               if (unlikely(dev->ready == DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING)) {
-                       if (dev->remove || (link_vmdq(dev, &m) == -1)) {
-                               /*
-                                * Discard frame if device is scheduled for
-                                * removal or a duplicate MAC address is found.
-                                */
-                               packet_success += free_entries;
-                               vq->last_used_idx += packet_success;
-                               break;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               virtio_tx_route_zcp(dev, &m, head[packet_success], need_copy);
-               packet_success++;
-       }
-}
-
-/*
- * This function is called by each data core. It handles all RX/TX registered
- * with the core. For TX the specific lcore linked list is used. For RX, MAC
- * addresses are compared with all devices in the main linked list.
- */
-static int
-switch_worker_zcp(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev = NULL;
-       struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
-       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
-       volatile struct lcore_ll_info *lcore_ll;
-       const uint64_t drain_tsc
-               = (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) / US_PER_S
-               * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;
-       uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc, ret_count = 0;
-       unsigned ret;
-       const uint16_t lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
-       uint16_t count_in_ring, rx_count = 0;
-
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "Procesing on Core %u started\n", lcore_id);
-
-       lcore_ll = lcore_info[lcore_id].lcore_ll;
-       prev_tsc = 0;
-
-       while (1) {
-               cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
-
-               /* TX burst queue drain */
-               diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
-               if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
-                       /*
-                        * Get mbuf from vpool.pool and detach mbuf and
-                        * put back into vpool.ring.
-                        */
-                       dev_ll = lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
-                       while ((dev_ll != NULL) && (dev_ll->dev != NULL)) {
-                               /* Get virtio device ID */
-                               dev = dev_ll->dev;
-
-                               if (likely(!dev->remove)) {
-                                       tx_q = &tx_queue_zcp[(uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-                                       if (tx_q->len) {
-                                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
-                                               "TX queue drained after timeout"
-                                               " with burst size %u\n",
-                                               tx_q->len);
-
-                                               /*
-                                                * Tx any packets in the queue
-                                                */
-                                               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(
-                                                       ports[0],
-                                                       (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id,
-                                                       (struct rte_mbuf **)
-                                                       tx_q->m_table,
-                                                       (uint16_t)tx_q->len);
-                                               if (unlikely(ret < tx_q->len)) {
-                                                       do {
-                                                               rte_pktmbuf_free(
-                                                                       tx_q->m_table[ret]);
-                                                       } while (++ret < tx_q->len);
-                                               }
-                                               tx_q->len = 0;
-
-                                               txmbuf_clean_zcp(dev,
-                                                       &vpool_array[MAX_QUEUES+dev->vmdq_rx_q]);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-                       }
-                       prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
-               }
-
-               rte_prefetch0(lcore_ll->ll_root_used);
-
-               /*
-                * Inform the configuration core that we have exited the linked
-                * list and that no devices are in use if requested.
-                */
-               if (lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag == REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL)
-                       lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = ACK_DEV_REMOVAL;
-
-               /* Process devices */
-               dev_ll = lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
-
-               while ((dev_ll != NULL) && (dev_ll->dev != NULL)) {
-                       dev = dev_ll->dev;
-                       if (unlikely(dev->remove)) {
-                               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-                               unlink_vmdq(dev);
-                               dev->ready = DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE;
-                               continue;
-                       }
-
-                       if (likely(dev->ready == DEVICE_RX)) {
-                               uint32_t index = dev->vmdq_rx_q;
-                               uint16_t i;
-                               count_in_ring
-                               = rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring);
-                               uint16_t free_entries
-                               = (uint16_t)get_available_ring_num_zcp(dev);
-
-                               /*
-                                * Attach all mbufs in vpool.ring and put back
-                                * into vpool.pool.
-                                */
-                               for (i = 0;
-                               i < RTE_MIN(free_entries,
-                               RTE_MIN(count_in_ring, MAX_PKT_BURST));
-                               i++)
-                                       attach_rxmbuf_zcp(dev);
-
-                               /* Handle guest RX */
-                               rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
-                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst,
-                                       MAX_PKT_BURST);
-
-                               if (rx_count) {
-                                       ret_count = virtio_dev_rx_zcp(dev,
-                                                       pkts_burst, rx_count);
-                                       if (enable_stats) {
-                                               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].rx_total
-                                                       += rx_count;
-                                               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].rx
-                                                       += ret_count;
-                                       }
-                                       while (likely(rx_count)) {
-                                               rx_count--;
-                                               pktmbuf_detach_zcp(
-                                                       pkts_burst[rx_count]);
-                                               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(
-                                                       vpool_array[index].ring,
-                                                       (void *)pkts_burst[rx_count]);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if (likely(!dev->remove))
-                               /* Handle guest TX */
-                               virtio_dev_tx_zcp(dev);
-
-                       /* Move to the next device in the list */
-                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-               }
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Add an entry to a used linked list. A free entry must first be found
- * in the free linked list using get_data_ll_free_entry();
- */
-static void
-add_data_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr,
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll = *ll_root_addr;
-
-       /* Set next as NULL and use a compiler barrier to avoid reordering. */
-       ll_dev->next = NULL;
-       rte_compiler_barrier();
-
-       /* If ll == NULL then this is the first device. */
-       if (ll) {
-               /* Increment to the tail of the linked list. */
-               while ((ll->next != NULL) )
-                       ll = ll->next;
-
-               ll->next = ll_dev;
-       } else {
-               *ll_root_addr = ll_dev;
-       }
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove an entry from a used linked list. The entry must then be added to
- * the free linked list using put_data_ll_free_entry().
- */
-static void
-rm_data_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr,
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev,
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev_last)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll = *ll_root_addr;
-
-       if (unlikely((ll == NULL) || (ll_dev == NULL)))
-               return;
-
-       if (ll_dev == ll)
-               *ll_root_addr = ll_dev->next;
-       else
-               if (likely(ll_dev_last != NULL))
-                       ll_dev_last->next = ll_dev->next;
-               else
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Remove entry form ll failed.\n");
-}
-
-/*
- * Find and return an entry from the free linked list.
- */
-static struct virtio_net_data_ll *
-get_data_ll_free_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_free = *ll_root_addr;
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev;
-
-       if (ll_free == NULL)
-               return NULL;
-
-       ll_dev = ll_free;
-       *ll_root_addr = ll_free->next;
-
-       return ll_dev;
-}
-
-/*
- * Place an entry back on to the free linked list.
- */
-static void
-put_data_ll_free_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr,
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_free = *ll_root_addr;
-
-       if (ll_dev == NULL)
-               return;
-
-       ll_dev->next = ll_free;
-       *ll_root_addr = ll_dev;
-}
-
-/*
- * Creates a linked list of a given size.
- */
-static struct virtio_net_data_ll *
-alloc_data_ll(uint32_t size)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_new;
-       uint32_t i;
-
-       /* Malloc and then chain the linked list. */
-       ll_new = malloc(size * sizeof(struct virtio_net_data_ll));
-       if (ll_new == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Failed to allocate memory for ll_new.\n");
-               return NULL;
-       }
-
-       for (i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
-               ll_new[i].dev = NULL;
-               ll_new[i].next = &ll_new[i+1];
-       }
-       ll_new[i].next = NULL;
-
-       return (ll_new);
-}
-
-/*
- * Create the main linked list along with each individual cores linked list. A used and a free list
- * are created to manage entries.
- */
-static int
-init_data_ll (void)
-{
-       int lcore;
-
-       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
-               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll = malloc(sizeof(struct lcore_ll_info));
-               if (lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll == NULL) {
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Failed to allocate memory for lcore_ll.\n");
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->device_num = 0;
-               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = ACK_DEV_REMOVAL;
-               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->ll_root_used = NULL;
-               if (num_devices % num_switching_cores)
-                       lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->ll_root_free = alloc_data_ll((num_devices / num_switching_cores) + 1);
-               else
-                       lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->ll_root_free = alloc_data_ll(num_devices / num_switching_cores);
-       }
-
-       /* Allocate devices up to a maximum of MAX_DEVICES. */
-       ll_root_free = alloc_data_ll(MIN((num_devices), MAX_DEVICES));
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Set virtqueue flags so that we do not receive interrupts.
- */
-static void
-set_irq_status (struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->used->flags = VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY;
-       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->used->flags = VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY;
-}
-
-/*
- * Remove a device from the specific data core linked list and from the main linked list. Synchonization
- * occurs through the use of the lcore dev_removal_flag. Device is made volatile here to avoid re-ordering
- * of dev->remove=1 which can cause an infinite loop in the rte_pause loop.
- */
-static void
-destroy_device (volatile struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_lcore_dev_cur;
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_main_dev_cur;
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_lcore_dev_last = NULL;
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_main_dev_last = NULL;
-       int lcore;
-
-       dev->flags &= ~VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING;
-
-       /*set the remove flag. */
-       dev->remove = 1;
-
-       while(dev->ready != DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE) {
-               rte_pause();
-       }
-
-       /* Search for entry to be removed from lcore ll */
-       ll_lcore_dev_cur = lcore_info[dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
-       while (ll_lcore_dev_cur != NULL) {
-               if (ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev == dev) {
-                       break;
-               } else {
-                       ll_lcore_dev_last = ll_lcore_dev_cur;
-                       ll_lcore_dev_cur = ll_lcore_dev_cur->next;
-               }
-       }
-
-       if (ll_lcore_dev_cur == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find the dev to be destroy.\n",
-                       dev->device_fh);
-               return;
-       }
-
-       /* Search for entry to be removed from main ll */
-       ll_main_dev_cur = ll_root_used;
-       ll_main_dev_last = NULL;
-       while (ll_main_dev_cur != NULL) {
-               if (ll_main_dev_cur->dev == dev) {
-                       break;
-               } else {
-                       ll_main_dev_last = ll_main_dev_cur;
-                       ll_main_dev_cur = ll_main_dev_cur->next;
-               }
-       }
-
-       /* Remove entries from the lcore and main ll. */
-       rm_data_ll_entry(&lcore_info[ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_used, ll_lcore_dev_cur, ll_lcore_dev_last);
-       rm_data_ll_entry(&ll_root_used, ll_main_dev_cur, ll_main_dev_last);
-
-       /* Set the dev_removal_flag on each lcore. */
-       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
-               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL;
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * Once each core has set the dev_removal_flag to ACK_DEV_REMOVAL we can be sure that
-        * they can no longer access the device removed from the linked lists and that the devices
-        * are no longer in use.
-        */
-       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
-               while (lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag != ACK_DEV_REMOVAL) {
-                       rte_pause();
-               }
-       }
-
-       /* Add the entries back to the lcore and main free ll.*/
-       put_data_ll_free_entry(&lcore_info[ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_free, ll_lcore_dev_cur);
-       put_data_ll_free_entry(&ll_root_free, ll_main_dev_cur);
-
-       /* Decrement number of device on the lcore. */
-       lcore_info[ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->device_num--;
-
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Device has been removed from data core\n", dev->device_fh);
-
-       if (zero_copy) {
-               struct vpool *vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-
-               /* Stop the RX queue. */
-               if (rte_eth_dev_rx_queue_stop(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") In destroy_device: Failed to stop "
-                               "rx queue:%d\n",
-                               dev->device_fh,
-                               dev->vmdq_rx_q);
-               }
-
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") in destroy_device: Start put mbuf in "
-                       "mempool back to ring for RX queue: %d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
-
-               mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
-
-               /* Stop the TX queue. */
-               if (rte_eth_dev_tx_queue_stop(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") In destroy_device: Failed to "
-                               "stop tx queue:%d\n",
-                               dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
-               }
-
-               vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q + MAX_QUEUES];
-
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") destroy_device: Start put mbuf in mempool "
-                       "back to ring for TX queue: %d, dev:(%"PRIu64")\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, (dev->vmdq_rx_q + MAX_QUEUES),
-                       dev->device_fh);
-
-               mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
-       }
-
-}
-
-/*
- * A new device is added to a data core. First the device is added to the main linked list
- * and the allocated to a specific data core.
- */
-static int
-new_device (struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev;
-       int lcore, core_add = 0;
-       uint32_t device_num_min = num_devices;
-
-       /* Add device to main ll */
-       ll_dev = get_data_ll_free_entry(&ll_root_free);
-       if (ll_dev == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") No free entry found in linked list. Device limit "
-                       "of %d devices per core has been reached\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, num_devices);
-               return -1;
-       }
-       ll_dev->dev = dev;
-       add_data_ll_entry(&ll_root_used, ll_dev);
-       ll_dev->dev->vmdq_rx_q
-               = ll_dev->dev->device_fh * (num_queues / num_devices);
-
-       if (zero_copy) {
-               uint32_t index = ll_dev->dev->vmdq_rx_q;
-               uint32_t count_in_ring, i;
-               struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
-
-               count_in_ring = rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring);
-
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in mempool "
-                       "before attach is: %d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh,
-                       rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool));
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in  ring "
-                       "before attach  is : %d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh, count_in_ring);
-
-               /*
-                * Attach all mbufs in vpool.ring and put back intovpool.pool.
-                */
-               for (i = 0; i < count_in_ring; i++)
-                       attach_rxmbuf_zcp(dev);
-
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in "
-                       "mempool after attach is: %d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh,
-                       rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool));
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in "
-                       "ring after attach  is : %d\n",
-                       dev->device_fh,
-                       rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring));
-
-               tx_q = &tx_queue_zcp[(uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-               tx_q->txq_id = dev->vmdq_rx_q;
-
-               if (rte_eth_dev_tx_queue_start(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
-                       struct vpool *vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") In new_device: Failed to start "
-                               "tx queue:%d\n",
-                               dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
-
-                       mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               if (rte_eth_dev_rx_queue_start(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
-                       struct vpool *vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
-
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "(%"PRIu64") In new_device: Failed to start "
-                               "rx queue:%d\n",
-                               dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
-
-                       /* Stop the TX queue. */
-                       if (rte_eth_dev_tx_queue_stop(ports[0],
-                               dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                                       "(%"PRIu64") In new_device: Failed to "
-                                       "stop tx queue:%d\n",
-                                       dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
-                       }
-
-                       mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-       }
-
-       /*reset ready flag*/
-       dev->ready = DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING;
-       dev->remove = 0;
-
-       /* Find a suitable lcore to add the device. */
-       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
-               if (lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->device_num < device_num_min) {
-                       device_num_min = lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->device_num;
-                       core_add = lcore;
-               }
-       }
-       /* Add device to lcore ll */
-       ll_dev->dev->coreid = core_add;
-       ll_dev = get_data_ll_free_entry(&lcore_info[ll_dev->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_free);
-       if (ll_dev == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to add device to data core\n", dev->device_fh);
-               dev->ready = DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE;
-               destroy_device(dev);
-               return -1;
-       }
-       ll_dev->dev = dev;
-       add_data_ll_entry(&lcore_info[ll_dev->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_used, ll_dev);
-
-       /* Initialize device stats */
-       memset(&dev_statistics[dev->device_fh], 0, sizeof(struct device_statistics));
-
-       /* Disable notifications. */
-       set_irq_status(dev);
-       lcore_info[ll_dev->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->device_num++;
-       dev->flags |= VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING;
-
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Device has been added to data core %d\n", dev->device_fh, dev->coreid);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * These callback allow devices to be added to the data core when configuration
- * has been fully complete.
- */
-static const struct virtio_net_device_ops virtio_net_device_ops =
-{
-       .new_device =  new_device,
-       .destroy_device = destroy_device,
-};
-
-/*
- * This is a thread will wake up after a period to print stats if the user has
- * enabled them.
- */
-static void
-print_stats(void)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
-       uint64_t tx_dropped, rx_dropped;
-       uint64_t tx, tx_total, rx, rx_total;
-       uint32_t device_fh;
-       const char clr[] = { 27, '[', '2', 'J', '\0' };
-       const char top_left[] = { 27, '[', '1', ';', '1', 'H','\0' };
-
-       while(1) {
-               sleep(enable_stats);
-
-               /* Clear screen and move to top left */
-               printf("%s%s", clr, top_left);
-
-               printf("\nDevice statistics ====================================");
-
-               dev_ll = ll_root_used;
-               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
-                       device_fh = (uint32_t)dev_ll->dev->device_fh;
-                       tx_total = dev_statistics[device_fh].tx_total;
-                       tx = dev_statistics[device_fh].tx;
-                       tx_dropped = tx_total - tx;
-                       if (zero_copy == 0) {
-                               rx_total = rte_atomic64_read(
-                                       &dev_statistics[device_fh].rx_total_atomic);
-                               rx = rte_atomic64_read(
-                                       &dev_statistics[device_fh].rx_atomic);
-                       } else {
-                               rx_total = dev_statistics[device_fh].rx_total;
-                               rx = dev_statistics[device_fh].rx;
-                       }
-                       rx_dropped = rx_total - rx;
-
-                       printf("\nStatistics for device %"PRIu32" ------------------------------"
-                                       "\nTX total:            %"PRIu64""
-                                       "\nTX dropped:          %"PRIu64""
-                                       "\nTX successful:               %"PRIu64""
-                                       "\nRX total:            %"PRIu64""
-                                       "\nRX dropped:          %"PRIu64""
-                                       "\nRX successful:               %"PRIu64"",
-                                       device_fh,
-                                       tx_total,
-                                       tx_dropped,
-                                       tx,
-                                       rx_total,
-                                       rx_dropped,
-                                       rx);
-
-                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
-               }
-               printf("\n======================================================\n");
-       }
-}
-
-static void
-setup_mempool_tbl(int socket, uint32_t index, char *pool_name,
-       char *ring_name, uint32_t nb_mbuf)
-{
-       uint16_t roomsize = VIRTIO_DESCRIPTOR_LEN_ZCP + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
-       vpool_array[index].pool
-               = rte_mempool_create(pool_name, nb_mbuf, MBUF_SIZE_ZCP,
-               MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP, sizeof(struct rte_pktmbuf_pool_private),
-               rte_pktmbuf_pool_init, (void *)(uintptr_t)roomsize,
-               rte_pktmbuf_init, NULL, socket, 0);
-       if (vpool_array[index].pool != NULL) {
-               vpool_array[index].ring
-                       = rte_ring_create(ring_name,
-                               rte_align32pow2(nb_mbuf + 1),
-                               socket, RING_F_SP_ENQ | RING_F_SC_DEQ);
-               if (likely(vpool_array[index].ring != NULL)) {
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "in setup_mempool_tbl: mbuf count in "
-                               "mempool is: %d\n",
-                               rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool));
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "in setup_mempool_tbl: mbuf count in "
-                               "ring   is: %d\n",
-                               rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring));
-               } else {
-                       rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "ring_create(%s) failed",
-                               ring_name);
-               }
-
-               /* Need consider head room. */
-               vpool_array[index].buf_size = roomsize - RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
-       } else {
-               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "mempool_create(%s) failed", pool_name);
-       }
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Main function, does initialisation and calls the per-lcore functions. The CUSE
- * device is also registered here to handle the IOCTLs.
- */
-int
-MAIN(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-       struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool = NULL;
-       unsigned lcore_id, core_id = 0;
-       unsigned nb_ports, valid_num_ports;
-       int ret;
-       uint8_t portid, queue_id = 0;
-       static pthread_t tid;
-
-       /* init EAL */
-       ret = rte_eal_init(argc, argv);
-       if (ret < 0)
-               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Error with EAL initialization\n");
-       argc -= ret;
-       argv += ret;
-
-       /* parse app arguments */
-       ret = us_vhost_parse_args(argc, argv);
-       if (ret < 0)
-               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid argument\n");
-
-       for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_MAX_LCORE; lcore_id ++)
-               if (rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore_id))
-                       lcore_ids[core_id ++] = lcore_id;
-
-       if (rte_lcore_count() > RTE_MAX_LCORE)
-               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,"Not enough cores\n");
-
-       /*set the number of swithcing cores available*/
-       num_switching_cores = rte_lcore_count()-1;
-
-       /* Get the number of physical ports. */
-       nb_ports = rte_eth_dev_count();
-       if (nb_ports > RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS)
-               nb_ports = RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS;
-
-       /*
-        * Update the global var NUM_PORTS and global array PORTS
-        * and get value of var VALID_NUM_PORTS according to system ports number
-        */
-       valid_num_ports = check_ports_num(nb_ports);
-
-       if ((valid_num_ports ==  0) || (valid_num_ports > MAX_SUP_PORTS)) {
-               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Current enabled port number is %u,"
-                       "but only %u port can be enabled\n",num_ports, MAX_SUP_PORTS);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       if (zero_copy == 0) {
-               /* Create the mbuf pool. */
-               mbuf_pool = rte_mempool_create(
-                               "MBUF_POOL",
-                               NUM_MBUFS_PER_PORT
-                               * valid_num_ports,
-                               MBUF_SIZE, MBUF_CACHE_SIZE,
-                               sizeof(struct rte_pktmbuf_pool_private),
-                               rte_pktmbuf_pool_init, NULL,
-                               rte_pktmbuf_init, NULL,
-                               rte_socket_id(), 0);
-               if (mbuf_pool == NULL)
-                       rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot create mbuf pool\n");
-
-               for (queue_id = 0; queue_id < MAX_QUEUES + 1; queue_id++)
-                       vpool_array[queue_id].pool = mbuf_pool;
-
-               if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
-                       /* Enable VT loop back to let L2 switch to do it. */
-                       vmdq_conf_default.rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf.enable_loop_back = 1;
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "Enable loop back for L2 switch in vmdq.\n");
-               }
-       } else {
-               uint32_t nb_mbuf;
-               char pool_name[RTE_MEMPOOL_NAMESIZE];
-               char ring_name[RTE_MEMPOOL_NAMESIZE];
-
-               /*
-                * Zero copy defers queue RX/TX start to the time when guest
-                * finishes its startup and packet buffers from that guest are
-                * available.
-                */
-               rx_conf_default.rx_deferred_start = (uint8_t)zero_copy;
-               rx_conf_default.rx_drop_en = 0;
-               tx_conf_default.tx_deferred_start = (uint8_t)zero_copy;
-               nb_mbuf = num_rx_descriptor
-                       + num_switching_cores * MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP
-                       + num_switching_cores * MAX_PKT_BURST;
-
-               for (queue_id = 0; queue_id < MAX_QUEUES; queue_id++) {
-                       snprintf(pool_name, sizeof(pool_name),
-                               "rxmbuf_pool_%u", queue_id);
-                       snprintf(ring_name, sizeof(ring_name),
-                               "rxmbuf_ring_%u", queue_id);
-                       setup_mempool_tbl(rte_socket_id(), queue_id,
-                               pool_name, ring_name, nb_mbuf);
-               }
-
-               nb_mbuf = num_tx_descriptor
-                               + num_switching_cores * MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP
-                               + num_switching_cores * MAX_PKT_BURST;
-
-               for (queue_id = 0; queue_id < MAX_QUEUES; queue_id++) {
-                       snprintf(pool_name, sizeof(pool_name),
-                               "txmbuf_pool_%u", queue_id);
-                       snprintf(ring_name, sizeof(ring_name),
-                               "txmbuf_ring_%u", queue_id);
-                       setup_mempool_tbl(rte_socket_id(),
-                               (queue_id + MAX_QUEUES),
-                               pool_name, ring_name, nb_mbuf);
-               }
-
-               if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
-                       /* Enable VT loop back to let L2 switch to do it. */
-                       vmdq_conf_default.rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf.enable_loop_back = 1;
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "Enable loop back for L2 switch in vmdq.\n");
-               }
-       }
-       /* Set log level. */
-       rte_set_log_level(LOG_LEVEL);
-
-       /* initialize all ports */
-       for (portid = 0; portid < nb_ports; portid++) {
-               /* skip ports that are not enabled */
-               if ((enabled_port_mask & (1 << portid)) == 0) {
-                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT,
-                               "Skipping disabled port %d\n", portid);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               if (port_init(portid) != 0)
-                       rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
-                               "Cannot initialize network ports\n");
-       }
-
-       /* Initialise all linked lists. */
-       if (init_data_ll() == -1)
-               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Failed to initialize linked list\n");
-
-       /* Initialize device stats */
-       memset(&dev_statistics, 0, sizeof(dev_statistics));
-
-       /* Enable stats if the user option is set. */
-       if (enable_stats)
-               pthread_create(&tid, NULL, (void*)print_stats, NULL );
-
-       /* Launch all data cores. */
-       if (zero_copy == 0) {
-               RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore_id) {
-                       rte_eal_remote_launch(switch_worker,
-                               mbuf_pool, lcore_id);
-               }
-       } else {
-               uint32_t count_in_mempool, index, i;
-               for (index = 0; index < 2*MAX_QUEUES; index++) {
-                       /* For all RX and TX queues. */
-                       count_in_mempool
-                               = rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool);
-
-                       /*
-                        * Transfer all un-attached mbufs from vpool.pool
-                        * to vpoo.ring.
-                        */
-                       for (i = 0; i < count_in_mempool; i++) {
-                               struct rte_mbuf *mbuf
-                                       = __rte_mbuf_raw_alloc(
-                                               vpool_array[index].pool);
-                               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool_array[index].ring,
-                                               (void *)mbuf);
-                       }
-
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "in MAIN: mbuf count in mempool at initial "
-                               "is: %d\n", count_in_mempool);
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "in MAIN: mbuf count in  ring at initial  is :"
-                               " %d\n",
-                               rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring));
-               }
-
-               RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore_id)
-                       rte_eal_remote_launch(switch_worker_zcp, NULL,
-                               lcore_id);
-       }
-
-       /* Register CUSE device to handle IOCTLs. */
-       ret = register_cuse_device((char*)&dev_basename, dev_index, get_virtio_net_callbacks());
-       if (ret != 0)
-               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,"CUSE device setup failure.\n");
-
-       init_virtio_net(&virtio_net_device_ops);
-
-       /* Start CUSE session. */
-       start_cuse_session_loop();
-       return 0;
-
-}
-
diff --git a/examples/vhost/main.h b/examples/vhost/main.h
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index c15d938..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *   BSD LICENSE
- *
- *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *   All rights reserved.
- *
- *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- *   are met:
- *
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *       distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
- *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef _MAIN_H_
-#define _MAIN_H_
-
-#ifdef RTE_EXEC_ENV_BAREMETAL
-#define MAIN _main
-#else
-#define MAIN main
-#endif
-
-//#define DEBUG
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-#define LOG_LEVEL RTE_LOG_DEBUG
-#define LOG_DEBUG(log_type, fmt, args...) do { \
-       RTE_LOG(DEBUG, log_type, fmt, ##args);          \
-} while (0)
-#else
-#define LOG_LEVEL RTE_LOG_INFO
-#define LOG_DEBUG(log_type, fmt, args...) do{} while(0)
-#endif
-
-/* Macros for printing using RTE_LOG */
-#define RTE_LOGTYPE_VHOST_CONFIG RTE_LOGTYPE_USER1
-#define RTE_LOGTYPE_VHOST_DATA   RTE_LOGTYPE_USER2
-#define RTE_LOGTYPE_VHOST_PORT   RTE_LOGTYPE_USER3
-
-/*
- * Device linked list structure for data path.
- */
-struct virtio_net_data_ll
-{
-       struct virtio_net                       *dev;   /* Pointer to device created by configuration core. */
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll       *next;  /* Pointer to next device in linked list. */
-};
-
-/*
- * Structure containing data core specific information.
- */
-struct lcore_ll_info
-{
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll       *ll_root_free;          /* Pointer to head in free linked list. */
-       struct virtio_net_data_ll       *ll_root_used;          /* Pointer to head of used linked list. */
-       uint32_t                                        device_num;                     /* Number of devices on lcore. */
-       volatile uint8_t                        dev_removal_flag;       /* Flag to synchronize device removal. */
-};
-
-struct lcore_info
-{
-       struct lcore_ll_info    *lcore_ll;      /* Pointer to data core specific lcore_ll_info struct */
-};
-
-int MAIN(int argc, char **argv);
-#endif /* _MAIN_H_ */
diff --git a/examples/vhost/vhost-net-cdev.c b/examples/vhost/vhost-net-cdev.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index 8cf806a..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,367 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *   BSD LICENSE
- *
- *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *   All rights reserved.
- *
- *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- *   are met:
- *
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *       distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
- *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fuse/cuse_lowlevel.h>
-#include <linux/limits.h>
-#include <linux/vhost.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <rte_ethdev.h>
-#include <rte_log.h>
-#include <rte_string_fns.h>
-
-#include "main.h"
-#include "vhost-net-cdev.h"
-
-#define FUSE_OPT_DUMMY                 "\0\0"
-#define FUSE_OPT_FORE          "-f\0\0"
-#define FUSE_OPT_NOMULTI       "-s\0\0"
-
-const uint32_t default_major = 231;
-const uint32_t default_minor = 1;
-const char             cuse_device_name[]      = "/dev/cuse";
-const char             default_cdev[] = "vhost-net";
-
-static struct fuse_session                     *session;
-static struct vhost_net_device_ops     const *ops;
-
-/*
- * Returns vhost_device_ctx from given fuse_req_t. The index is populated later when
- * the device is added to the device linked list.
- */
-static struct vhost_device_ctx
-fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx;
-       struct fuse_ctx const *const req_ctx = fuse_req_ctx(req);
-
-       ctx.pid = req_ctx->pid;
-       ctx.fh = fi->fh;
-
-       return ctx;
-}
-
-/*
- * When the device is created in QEMU it gets initialised here and added to the device linked list.
- */
-static void
-vhost_net_open(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx = fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(req, fi);
-       int err = 0;
-
-       err = ops->new_device(ctx);
-       if (err == -1) {
-               fuse_reply_err(req, EPERM);
-               return;
-       }
-
-       fi->fh = err;
-
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Device configuration started\n", fi->fh);
-       fuse_reply_open(req, fi);
-}
-
-/*
- * When QEMU is shutdown or killed the device gets released.
- */
-static void
-vhost_net_release(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
-{
-       int err = 0;
-       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx = fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(req, fi);
-
-       ops->destroy_device(ctx);
-       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Device released\n", ctx.fh);
-       fuse_reply_err(req, err);
-}
-
-/*
- * Boilerplate code for CUSE IOCTL
- * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result.
- */
-#define VHOST_IOCTL(func) do {                                                         \
-       result = (func)(ctx);                                                                   \
-       fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);                                 \
-} while(0)                                                                                                     \
-
-/*
- * Boilerplate IOCTL RETRY
- * Implicit arguments: req.
- */
-#define VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(size_r, size_w) do {                                                                 \
-       struct iovec iov_r = { arg, (size_r) };                                                                         \
-       struct iovec iov_w = { arg, (size_w) };                                                                         \
-       fuse_reply_ioctl_retry(req, &iov_r, (size_r)?1:0, &iov_w, (size_w)?1:0);        \
-} while(0)                                                                                                                                             \
-
-/*
- * Boilerplate code for CUSE Read IOCTL
- * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result, in_bufsz, in_buf.
- */
-#define VHOST_IOCTL_R(type, var, func) do {                            \
-       if (!in_bufsz) {                                                                        \
-               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(type), 0);                             \
-       } else {                                                                                        \
-               (var) = *(const type * ) in_buf;                                \
-               result = func(ctx, &(var));                                             \
-               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);                 \
-       }                                                                                                       \
-} while(0)                                                                                             \
-
-/*
- *     Boilerplate code for CUSE Write IOCTL
- * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result, out_bufsz.
- */
-#define        VHOST_IOCTL_W(type, var, func) do {                                             \
-       if (!out_bufsz) {                                                                                       \
-               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(0, sizeof(type));                                             \
-       } else {                                                                                                        \
-               result = (func)(ctx, &(var));                                                   \
-               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, &(var), sizeof(type));    \
-       }                                                                                                                       \
-} while(0)                                                                                                             \
-
-/*
- * Boilerplate code for CUSE Read/Write IOCTL
- * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result, in_bufsz, in_buf.
- */
-#define VHOST_IOCTL_RW(type1, var1, type2, var2, func) do {                    \
-       if (!in_bufsz) {                                                                                                \
-               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(type1), sizeof(type2));                        \
-       } else {                                                                                                                \
-               (var1) = *(const type1* ) (in_buf);                                                     \
-               result = (func)(ctx, (var1), &(var2));                                          \
-               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, &(var2), sizeof(type2));          \
-       }                                                                                                                               \
-} while(0)                                                                                                                     \
-
-/*
- * The IOCTLs are handled using CUSE/FUSE in userspace. Depending on
- * the type of IOCTL a buffer is requested to read or to write. This
- * request is handled by FUSE and the buffer is then given to CUSE.
- */
-static void
-vhost_net_ioctl(fuse_req_t req, int cmd, void *arg,
-               struct fuse_file_info *fi, __rte_unused unsigned flags,
-               const void *in_buf, size_t in_bufsz, size_t out_bufsz)
-{
-       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx = fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(req, fi);
-       struct vhost_vring_file file;
-       struct vhost_vring_state state;
-       struct vhost_vring_addr addr;
-       uint64_t features;
-       uint32_t index;
-       int result = 0;
-
-       switch(cmd)
-       {
-               case VHOST_NET_SET_BACKEND:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_NET_SET_BACKEND\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_file, file, ops->set_backend);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_GET_FEATURES:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_GET_FEATURES\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_W(uint64_t, features, ops->get_features);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_FEATURES:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_FEATURES\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(uint64_t, features, ops->set_features);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_RESET_OWNER:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_RESET_OWNER\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL(ops->reset_owner);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_OWNER:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_OWNER\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL(ops->set_owner);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE\n", ctx.fh);
-                       static struct vhost_memory mem_temp;
-
-                       switch(in_bufsz){
-                               case 0:
-                                       VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(struct vhost_memory), 0);
-                                       break;
-
-                               case sizeof(struct vhost_memory):
-                                       mem_temp = *(const struct vhost_memory *) in_buf;
-
-                                       if (mem_temp.nregions > 0) {
-                                               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(struct vhost_memory) + (sizeof(struct vhost_memory_region) * mem_temp.nregions), 0);
-                                       } else {
-                                               result = -1;
-                                               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);
-                                       }
-                                       break;
-
-                               default:
-                                       result = ops->set_mem_table(ctx, in_buf, mem_temp.nregions);
-                                       if (result)
-                                               fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
-                                       else
-                                               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);
-
-                       }
-
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_VRING_NUM:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_NUM\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_state, state, ops->set_vring_num);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_VRING_BASE:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_BASE\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_state, state, ops->set_vring_base);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_GET_VRING_BASE:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_GET_VRING_BASE\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_RW(uint32_t, index, struct vhost_vring_state, state, ops->get_vring_base);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_VRING_ADDR:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_ADDR\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_addr, addr, ops->set_vring_addr);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_VRING_KICK:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_KICK\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_file, file, ops->set_vring_kick);
-                       break;
-
-               case VHOST_SET_VRING_CALL:
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_CALL\n", ctx.fh);
-                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_file, file, ops->set_vring_call);
-                       break;
-
-               default:
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: DOESN NOT EXIST\n", ctx.fh);
-                       result = -1;
-                       fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);
-       }
-
-       if (result < 0) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: FAIL\n", ctx.fh);
-       } else {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: SUCCESS\n", ctx.fh);
-       }
-}
-
-/*
- * Structure handling open, release and ioctl function pointers is populated.
- */
-static const struct cuse_lowlevel_ops vhost_net_ops = {
-       .open           = vhost_net_open,
-       .release        = vhost_net_release,
-       .ioctl          = vhost_net_ioctl,
-};
-
-/*
- * cuse_info is populated and used to register the cuse device. vhost_net_device_ops are
- * also passed when the device is registered in main.c.
- */
-int
-register_cuse_device(const char *base_name, int index, struct vhost_net_device_ops const * const pops)
-{
-       struct cuse_info cuse_info;
-       char device_name[PATH_MAX] = "";
-       char char_device_name[PATH_MAX] = "";
-       const char *device_argv[] = { device_name };
-
-       char fuse_opt_dummy[] = FUSE_OPT_DUMMY;
-       char fuse_opt_fore[] = FUSE_OPT_FORE;
-       char fuse_opt_nomulti[] = FUSE_OPT_NOMULTI;
-       char *fuse_argv[] = {fuse_opt_dummy, fuse_opt_fore, fuse_opt_nomulti};
-
-       if (access(cuse_device_name, R_OK | W_OK) < 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Character device %s can't be accessed, maybe not exist\n", cuse_device_name);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * The device name is created. This is passed to QEMU so that it can register
-        * the device with our application. The index allows us to have multiple instances
-        * of userspace vhost which we can then add devices to separately.
-        */
-       if (strncmp(base_name, default_cdev, PATH_MAX)!=0) {
-               snprintf(device_name, PATH_MAX, "DEVNAME=%s-%d", base_name, index);
-               snprintf(char_device_name, PATH_MAX, "/dev/%s-%d", base_name, index);
-       } else {
-               snprintf(device_name, PATH_MAX, "DEVNAME=%s", base_name);
-               snprintf(char_device_name, PATH_MAX, "/dev/%s", base_name);
-       }
-
-       /* Check if device already exists. */
-       if (access(char_device_name, F_OK) != -1) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Character device %s already exists\n", char_device_name);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       memset(&cuse_info, 0, sizeof(cuse_info));
-       cuse_info.dev_major = default_major;
-       cuse_info.dev_minor = default_minor + index;
-       cuse_info.dev_info_argc = 1;
-       cuse_info.dev_info_argv = device_argv;
-       cuse_info.flags = CUSE_UNRESTRICTED_IOCTL;
-
-       ops = pops;
-
-       session = cuse_lowlevel_setup(3, fuse_argv,
-                               &cuse_info, &vhost_net_ops, 0, NULL);
-       if (session == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * The CUSE session is launched allowing the application to receive open, release and ioctl calls.
- */
-int
-start_cuse_session_loop(void)
-{
-       fuse_session_loop(session);
-
-       return 0;
-}
diff --git a/examples/vhost/vhost-net-cdev.h b/examples/vhost/vhost-net-cdev.h
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index 575daa9..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *   BSD LICENSE
- *
- *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *   All rights reserved.
- *
- *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- *   are met:
- *
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *       distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
- *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef _VHOST_NET_CDEV_H_
-#define _VHOST_NET_CDEV_H_
-
-#include <linux/vhost.h>
-
-struct vhost_memory;
-struct vhost_vring_state;
-struct vhost_vring_addr;
-struct vhost_vring_file;
-
-/*
- * Structure used to identify device context.
- */
-struct vhost_device_ctx
-{
-       pid_t           pid;    /* PID of process calling the IOCTL. */
-       uint64_t        fh;             /* Populated with fi->fh to track the device index. */
-};
-
-/*
- * Structure contains function pointers to be defined in virtio-net.c. These
- * functions are called in CUSE context and are used to configure devices.
- */
-struct vhost_net_device_ops {
-       int (* new_device)              (struct vhost_device_ctx);
-       void (* destroy_device) (struct vhost_device_ctx);
-
-       int (* get_features)    (struct vhost_device_ctx, uint64_t *);
-       int (* set_features)    (struct vhost_device_ctx, uint64_t *);
-
-       int (* set_mem_table)   (struct vhost_device_ctx, const void *, uint32_t);
-
-       int (* set_vring_num)   (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *);
-       int (* set_vring_addr)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_addr *);
-       int (* set_vring_base)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *);
-       int (* get_vring_base)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, uint32_t, struct vhost_vring_state *);
-
-       int (* set_vring_kick)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *);
-       int (* set_vring_call)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *);
-
-       int (* set_backend)     (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *);
-
-       int (* set_owner)               (struct vhost_device_ctx);
-       int (* reset_owner)     (struct vhost_device_ctx);
-};
-
-int register_cuse_device(const char *base_name, int index, struct vhost_net_device_ops const * const);
-int start_cuse_session_loop(void);
-
-#endif /* _VHOST_NET_CDEV_H_ */
diff --git a/examples/vhost/virtio-net.c b/examples/vhost/virtio-net.c
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index 5e659c7..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1165 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *   BSD LICENSE
- *
- *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *   All rights reserved.
- *
- *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- *   are met:
- *
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *       distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
- *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <fuse/cuse_lowlevel.h>
-#include <linux/vhost.h>
-#include <linux/virtio_net.h>
-#include <stddef.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <sys/eventfd.h>
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <rte_ethdev.h>
-#include <rte_log.h>
-#include <rte_string_fns.h>
-#include <rte_memory.h>
-
-#include "main.h"
-#include "virtio-net.h"
-#include "vhost-net-cdev.h"
-#include "eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h"
-
-const char eventfd_cdev[] = "/dev/eventfd-link";
-
-extern uint32_t num_devices;
-static uint32_t num_cur_devices = 0;
-
-/* device ops to add/remove device to data core. */
-static struct virtio_net_device_ops const * notify_ops;
-/* Root address of the linked list in the configuration core. */
-static struct virtio_net_config_ll                     *ll_root = NULL;
-
-/* Features supported by this application. RX merge buffers are disabled by default. */
-uint64_t VHOST_FEATURES = (0ULL << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
-
-/* Line size for reading maps file. */
-const uint32_t BUFSIZE = PATH_MAX;
-
-/* Size of prot char array in procmap. */
-#define PROT_SZ 5
-
-/* Number of elements in procmap struct. */
-#define PROCMAP_SZ 8
-
-/* Structure containing information gathered from maps file. */
-struct procmap
-{
-       uint64_t        va_start;                       /* Start virtual address in file. */
-       uint64_t        len;                            /* Size of file. */
-       uint64_t        pgoff;                          /* Not used. */
-       uint32_t        maj;                            /* Not used. */
-       uint32_t        min;                            /* Not used. */
-       uint32_t        ino;                            /* Not used. */
-       char            prot[PROT_SZ];          /* Not used. */
-       char            fname[PATH_MAX];        /* File name. */
-};
-
-/*
- * Converts QEMU virtual address to Vhost virtual address. This function is used
- * to convert the ring addresses to our address space.
- */
-static uint64_t
-qva_to_vva(struct virtio_net *dev, uint64_t qemu_va)
-{
-       struct virtio_memory_regions *region;
-       uint64_t vhost_va = 0;
-       uint32_t regionidx = 0;
-
-       /* Find the region where the address lives. */
-       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
-               region = &dev->mem->regions[regionidx];
-               if ((qemu_va >= region->userspace_address) &&
-                               (qemu_va <= region->userspace_address +
-                               region->memory_size)) {
-                       vhost_va = dev->mem->mapped_address + qemu_va - dev->mem->base_address;
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-       return vhost_va;
-}
-
-/*
- * Locate the file containing QEMU's memory space and map it to our address space.
- */
-static int
-host_memory_map (struct virtio_net *dev, struct virtio_memory *mem, pid_t pid, uint64_t addr)
-{
-       struct dirent *dptr = NULL;
-       struct procmap procmap;
-       DIR *dp = NULL;
-       int fd;
-       int i;
-       char memfile[PATH_MAX];
-       char mapfile[PATH_MAX];
-       char procdir[PATH_MAX];
-       char resolved_path[PATH_MAX];
-       FILE            *fmap;
-       void            *map;
-       uint8_t         found = 0;
-       char            line[BUFSIZE];
-       char dlm[] = "-   :   ";
-       char *str, *sp, *in[PROCMAP_SZ];
-       char *end = NULL;
-
-       /* Path where mem files are located. */
-       snprintf (procdir, PATH_MAX, "/proc/%u/fd/", pid);
-       /* Maps file used to locate mem file. */
-       snprintf (mapfile, PATH_MAX, "/proc/%u/maps", pid);
-
-       fmap = fopen(mapfile, "r");
-       if (fmap == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to open maps file for pid %d\n", dev->device_fh, pid);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /* Read through maps file until we find out base_address. */
-       while (fgets(line, BUFSIZE, fmap) != 0) {
-               str = line;
-               errno = 0;
-               /* Split line in to fields. */
-               for (i = 0; i < PROCMAP_SZ; i++) {
-                       if (((in[i] = strtok_r(str, &dlm[i], &sp)) == NULL) || (errno != 0)) {
-                               fclose(fmap);
-                               return -1;
-                       }
-                       str = NULL;
-               }
-
-               /* Convert/Copy each field as needed. */
-               procmap.va_start = strtoull(in[0], &end, 16);
-               if ((in[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
-                       fclose(fmap);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               procmap.len = strtoull(in[1], &end, 16);
-               if ((in[1] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
-                       fclose(fmap);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               procmap.pgoff = strtoull(in[3], &end, 16);
-               if ((in[3] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
-                       fclose(fmap);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               procmap.maj = strtoul(in[4], &end, 16);
-               if ((in[4] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
-                       fclose(fmap);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               procmap.min = strtoul(in[5], &end, 16);
-               if ((in[5] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
-                       fclose(fmap);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               procmap.ino = strtoul(in[6], &end, 16);
-               if ((in[6] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
-                       fclose(fmap);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               memcpy(&procmap.prot, in[2], PROT_SZ);
-               memcpy(&procmap.fname, in[7], PATH_MAX);
-
-               if (procmap.va_start == addr) {
-                       procmap.len = procmap.len - procmap.va_start;
-                       found = 1;
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-       fclose(fmap);
-
-       if (!found) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find memory file in pid %d maps file\n", dev->device_fh, pid);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /* Find the guest memory file among the process fds. */
-       dp = opendir(procdir);
-       if (dp == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Cannot open pid %d process directory \n", dev->device_fh, pid);
-               return -1;
-
-       }
-
-       found = 0;
-
-       /* Read the fd directory contents. */
-       while (NULL != (dptr = readdir(dp))) {
-               snprintf (memfile, PATH_MAX, "/proc/%u/fd/%s", pid, dptr->d_name);
-           realpath(memfile, resolved_path);
-               if (resolved_path == NULL) {
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to resolve fd directory\n", dev->device_fh);
-                       closedir(dp);
-                       return -1;
-               }
-               if (strncmp(resolved_path, procmap.fname,
-                       strnlen(procmap.fname, PATH_MAX)) == 0) {
-                       found = 1;
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-
-       closedir(dp);
-
-       if (found == 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find memory file for pid %d\n", dev->device_fh, pid);
-               return -1;
-       }
-       /* Open the shared memory file and map the memory into this process. */
-       fd = open(memfile, O_RDWR);
-
-       if (fd == -1) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to open %s for pid %d\n", dev->device_fh, memfile, pid);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       map = mmap(0, (size_t)procmap.len, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE , MAP_POPULATE|MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
-       close (fd);
-
-       if (map == MAP_FAILED) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Error mapping the file %s for pid %d\n",  dev->device_fh, memfile, pid);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /* Store the memory address and size in the device data structure */
-       mem->mapped_address = (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)map;
-       mem->mapped_size = procmap.len;
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Mem File: %s->%s - Size: %llu - VA: %p\n", dev->device_fh,
-               memfile, resolved_path, (long long unsigned)mem->mapped_size, map);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Retrieves an entry from the devices configuration linked list.
- */
-static struct virtio_net_config_ll *
-get_config_ll_entry(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev = ll_root;
-
-       /* Loop through linked list until the device_fh is found. */
-       while (ll_dev != NULL) {
-               if (ll_dev->dev.device_fh == ctx.fh)
-                       return ll_dev;
-               ll_dev = ll_dev->next;
-       }
-
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * Searches the configuration core linked list and retrieves the device if it exists.
- */
-static struct virtio_net *
-get_device(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev;
-
-       ll_dev = get_config_ll_entry(ctx);
-
-       /* If a matching entry is found in the linked list, return the device in that entry. */
-       if (ll_dev) {
-               return &ll_dev->dev;
-       }
-
-       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Device not found in linked list.\n", ctx.fh);
-       return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * Add entry containing a device to the device configuration linked list.
- */
-static void
-add_config_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_config_ll *new_ll_dev)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev = ll_root;
-
-       /* If ll_dev == NULL then this is the first device so go to else */
-       if (ll_dev) {
-               /* If the 1st device_fh != 0 then we insert our device here. */
-               if (ll_dev->dev.device_fh != 0) {
-                       new_ll_dev->dev.device_fh = 0;
-                       new_ll_dev->next = ll_dev;
-                       ll_root = new_ll_dev;
-               } else {
-                       /* Increment through the ll until we find un unused device_fh. Insert the device at that entry*/
-                       while ((ll_dev->next != NULL) && (ll_dev->dev.device_fh == (ll_dev->next->dev.device_fh - 1)))
-                               ll_dev = ll_dev->next;
-
-                       new_ll_dev->dev.device_fh = ll_dev->dev.device_fh + 1;
-                       new_ll_dev->next = ll_dev->next;
-                       ll_dev->next = new_ll_dev;
-               }
-       } else {
-               ll_root = new_ll_dev;
-               ll_root->dev.device_fh = 0;
-       }
-
-}
-
-/*
- * Unmap any memory, close any file descriptors and free any memory owned by a device.
- */
-static void
-cleanup_device(struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       /* Unmap QEMU memory file if mapped. */
-       if (dev->mem) {
-               munmap((void*)(uintptr_t)dev->mem->mapped_address, (size_t)dev->mem->mapped_size);
-               if (dev->mem->regions_hpa)
-                       free(dev->mem->regions_hpa);
-               free(dev->mem);
-       }
-
-       /* Close any event notifiers opened by device. */
-       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->callfd)
-               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->callfd);
-       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->kickfd)
-               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->kickfd);
-       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->callfd)
-               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->callfd);
-       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->kickfd)
-               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->kickfd);
-}
-
-/*
- * Release virtqueues and device memory.
- */
-static void
-free_device(struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev)
-{
-       /* Free any malloc'd memory */
-       free(ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]);
-       free(ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]);
-       free(ll_dev);
-}
-/*
- * Remove an entry from the device configuration linked list.
- */
-static struct virtio_net_config_ll *
-rm_config_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev, struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev_last)
-{
-       /* First remove the device and then clean it up. */
-       if (ll_dev == ll_root) {
-               ll_root = ll_dev->next;
-               cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
-               free_device(ll_dev);
-               return ll_root;
-       } else {
-               if (likely(ll_dev_last != NULL)) {
-                       ll_dev_last->next = ll_dev->next;
-                       cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
-                       free_device(ll_dev);
-                       return ll_dev_last->next;
-               } else {
-                       cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
-                       free_device(ll_dev);
-                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Remove entry from config_ll failed\n");
-                       return NULL;
-               }
-       }
-}
-
-/*
- *  Initialise all variables in device structure.
- */
-static void
-init_device(struct virtio_net *dev)
-{
-       uint64_t vq_offset;
-
-       /* Virtqueues have already been malloced so we don't want to set them to NULL. */
-       vq_offset = offsetof(struct virtio_net, mem);
-
-       /* Set everything to 0. */
-       memset((void*)(uintptr_t)((uint64_t)(uintptr_t)dev + vq_offset), 0,
-               (sizeof(struct virtio_net) - (size_t)vq_offset));
-       memset(dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ], 0, sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
-       memset(dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ], 0, sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
-
-       /* Backends are set to -1 indicating an inactive device. */
-       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->backend = VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED;
-       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->backend = VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED;
-}
-
-/*
- * Function is called from the CUSE open function. The device structure is
- * initialised and a new entry is added to the device configuration linked
- * list.
- */
-static int
-new_device(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll *new_ll_dev;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *virtqueue_rx, *virtqueue_tx;
-
-       /*check the number of devices in the system*/
-       if (num_cur_devices == num_devices) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "() Max num devices (%u) exceeded\n", num_devices);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /* Setup device and virtqueues. */
-       new_ll_dev = malloc(sizeof(struct virtio_net_config_ll));
-       if (new_ll_dev == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for dev.\n", ctx.fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       virtqueue_rx = malloc(sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
-       if (virtqueue_rx == NULL) {
-               free(new_ll_dev);
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for virtqueue_rx.\n", ctx.fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       virtqueue_tx = malloc(sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
-       if (virtqueue_tx == NULL) {
-               free(virtqueue_rx);
-               free(new_ll_dev);
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for virtqueue_tx.\n", ctx.fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       new_ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ] = virtqueue_rx;
-       new_ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ] = virtqueue_tx;
-
-       /* Initialise device and virtqueues. */
-       init_device(&new_ll_dev->dev);
-
-       new_ll_dev->next = NULL;
-
-       /* Add entry to device configuration linked list. */
-       add_config_ll_entry(new_ll_dev);
-
-       /*increment the number of devices in the system*/
-       num_cur_devices++;
-
-       return new_ll_dev->dev.device_fh;
-}
-
-/*
- * Function is called from the CUSE release function. This function will cleanup
- * the device and remove it from device configuration linked list.
- */
-static void
-destroy_device(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev_cur_ctx, *ll_dev_last = NULL;
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev_cur = ll_root;
-
-       /* Find the linked list entry for the device to be removed. */
-       ll_dev_cur_ctx = get_config_ll_entry(ctx);
-       while (ll_dev_cur != NULL) {
-               /* If the device is found or a device that doesn't exist is found then it is removed. */
-               if (ll_dev_cur == ll_dev_cur_ctx) {
-                       /*
-                        * If the device is running on a data core then call the function to remove it from
-                        * the data core.
-                        */
-                       if ((ll_dev_cur->dev.flags & VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING))
-                               notify_ops->destroy_device(&(ll_dev_cur->dev));
-                       ll_dev_cur = rm_config_ll_entry(ll_dev_cur, ll_dev_last);
-               } else {
-                       ll_dev_last = ll_dev_cur;
-                       ll_dev_cur = ll_dev_cur->next;
-               }
-       }
-
-       /*decrement the number of devices in the system*/
-       num_cur_devices--;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_OWNER
- * This function just returns success at the moment unless the device hasn't been initialised.
- */
-static int
-set_owner(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_RESET_OWNER
- */
-static int
-reset_owner(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
-{
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev;
-
-       ll_dev = get_config_ll_entry(ctx);
-
-       cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
-       init_device(&ll_dev->dev);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_GET_FEATURES
- * The features that we support are requested.
- */
-static int
-get_features(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, uint64_t *pu)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* Send our supported features. */
-       *pu = VHOST_FEATURES;
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_FEATURES
- * We receive the negotiated set of features supported by us and the virtio device.
- */
-static int
-set_features(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, uint64_t *pu)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-       if (*pu & ~VHOST_FEATURES)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* Store the negotiated feature list for the device. */
-       dev->features = *pu;
-
-       /* Set the vhost_hlen depending on if VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF is set. */
-       if (dev->features & (1 << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF)) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Mergeable RX buffers enabled\n", dev->device_fh);
-               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf);
-               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf);
-       } else {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Mergeable RX buffers disabled\n", dev->device_fh);
-               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr);
-               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr);
-       }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Calculate the region count of physical continous regions for one particular
- * region of whose vhost virtual address is continous. The particular region
- * start from vva_start, with size of 'size' in argument.
- */
-static uint32_t check_hpa_regions(uint64_t vva_start, uint64_t size)
-{
-       uint32_t i, nregions = 0, page_size = PAGE_SIZE;
-       uint64_t cur_phys_addr = 0, next_phys_addr = 0;
-       if (vva_start % page_size) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "in check_countinous: vva start(%p) mod page_size(%d) "
-                       "has remainder\n",
-                       (void *)(uintptr_t)vva_start, page_size);
-               return 0;
-       }
-       if (size % page_size) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "in check_countinous: "
-                       "size((%"PRIu64")) mod page_size(%d) has remainder\n",
-                       size, page_size);
-               return 0;
-       }
-       for (i = 0; i < size - page_size; i = i + page_size) {
-               cur_phys_addr
-                       = rte_mem_virt2phy((void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + i));
-               next_phys_addr = rte_mem_virt2phy(
-                       (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + i + page_size));
-               if ((cur_phys_addr + page_size) != next_phys_addr) {
-                       ++nregions;
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "in check_continuous: hva addr:(%p) is not "
-                               "continuous with hva addr:(%p), diff:%d\n",
-                               (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + (uint64_t)i),
-                               (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + (uint64_t)i
-                               + page_size), page_size);
-                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                               "in check_continuous: hpa addr:(%p) is not "
-                               "continuous with hpa addr:(%p), "
-                               "diff:(%"PRIu64")\n",
-                               (void *)(uintptr_t)cur_phys_addr,
-                               (void *)(uintptr_t)next_phys_addr,
-                               (next_phys_addr-cur_phys_addr));
-               }
-       }
-       return nregions;
-}
-
-/*
- * Divide each region whose vhost virtual address is continous into a few
- * sub-regions, make sure the physical address within each sub-region are
- * continous. And fill offset(to GPA) and size etc. information of each
- * sub-region into regions_hpa.
- */
-static uint32_t fill_hpa_memory_regions(void *memory)
-{
-       uint32_t regionidx, regionidx_hpa = 0, i, k, page_size = PAGE_SIZE;
-       uint64_t cur_phys_addr = 0, next_phys_addr = 0, vva_start;
-       struct virtio_memory *virtio_memory = (struct virtio_memory *)memory;
-       struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa *mem_region_hpa
-               = virtio_memory->regions_hpa;
-
-       if (mem_region_hpa == NULL)
-               return 0;
-
-       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < virtio_memory->nregions; regionidx++) {
-               vva_start = virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address
-                       + virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].address_offset;
-               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address
-                       = virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address;
-               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset =
-                       rte_mem_virt2phy((void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start))
-                       - mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address;
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr start[%d]:(%p)\n",
-                       regionidx_hpa,
-                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address));
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "in fill_hpa_regions: host  phys addr start[%d]:(%p)\n",
-                       regionidx_hpa,
-                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset));
-               for (i = 0, k = 0;
-                       i < virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].memory_size
-                               - page_size;
-                       i += page_size) {
-                       cur_phys_addr = rte_mem_virt2phy(
-                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + i));
-                       next_phys_addr = rte_mem_virt2phy(
-                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start
-                                       + i + page_size));
-                       if ((cur_phys_addr + page_size) != next_phys_addr) {
-                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end =
-                                       mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address
-                                       + k + page_size;
-                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size
-                                       = k + page_size;
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest "
-                                       "phys addr end  [%d]:(%p)\n",
-                                       regionidx_hpa,
-                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end));
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                                       "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr "
-                                       "size [%d]:(%p)\n",
-                                       regionidx_hpa,
-                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size));
-                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa + 1].guest_phys_address
-                                       = mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end;
-                               ++regionidx_hpa;
-                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset =
-                                       next_phys_addr
-                                       - mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address;
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest"
-                                       " phys addr start[%d]:(%p)\n",
-                                       regionidx_hpa,
-                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address));
-                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
-                                       "in fill_hpa_regions: host  phys addr "
-                                       "start[%d]:(%p)\n",
-                                       regionidx_hpa,
-                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset));
-                               k = 0;
-                       } else {
-                               k += page_size;
-                       }
-               }
-               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end
-                       = mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address
-                       + k + page_size;
-               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size = k + page_size;
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr end  "
-                       "[%d]:(%p)\n", regionidx_hpa,
-                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end));
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr size "
-                       "[%d]:(%p)\n", regionidx_hpa,
-                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
-                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size));
-               ++regionidx_hpa;
-       }
-       return regionidx_hpa;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE
- * This function creates and populates the memory structure for the device. This includes
- * storing offsets used to translate buffer addresses.
- */
-static int
-set_mem_table(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, const void *mem_regions_addr, uint32_t nregions)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-       struct vhost_memory_region *mem_regions;
-       struct virtio_memory *mem;
-       uint64_t size = offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions);
-       uint32_t regionidx, valid_regions;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       if (dev->mem) {
-               munmap((void*)(uintptr_t)dev->mem->mapped_address, (size_t)dev->mem->mapped_size);
-               free(dev->mem);
-       }
-
-       /* Malloc the memory structure depending on the number of regions. */
-       mem = calloc(1, sizeof(struct virtio_memory) + (sizeof(struct virtio_memory_regions) * nregions));
-       if (mem == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for dev->mem.\n", dev->device_fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       mem->nregions = nregions;
-
-       mem_regions = (void*)(uintptr_t)((uint64_t)(uintptr_t)mem_regions_addr + size);
-
-       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
-               /* Populate the region structure for each region. */
-               mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address = mem_regions[regionidx].guest_phys_addr;
-               mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address_end = mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address +
-                       mem_regions[regionidx].memory_size;
-               mem->regions[regionidx].memory_size = mem_regions[regionidx].memory_size;
-               mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address = mem_regions[regionidx].userspace_addr;
-
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") REGION: %u - GPA: %p - QEMU VA: %p - SIZE (%"PRIu64")\n", dev->device_fh,
-                               regionidx, (void*)(uintptr_t)mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address,
-                               (void*)(uintptr_t)mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address,
-                               mem->regions[regionidx].memory_size);
-
-               /*set the base address mapping*/
-               if (mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address == 0x0) {
-                       mem->base_address = mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address;
-                       /* Map VM memory file */
-                       if (host_memory_map(dev, mem, ctx.pid, mem->base_address) != 0) {
-                               free(mem);
-                               return -1;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-
-       /* Check that we have a valid base address. */
-       if (mem->base_address == 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find base address of qemu memory file.\n", dev->device_fh);
-               free(mem);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /* Check if all of our regions have valid mappings. Usually one does not exist in the QEMU memory file. */
-       valid_regions = mem->nregions;
-       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
-               if ((mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address < mem->base_address) ||
-                       (mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address > (mem->base_address + mem->mapped_size)))
-                               valid_regions--;
-       }
-
-       /* If a region does not have a valid mapping we rebuild our memory struct to contain only valid entries. */
-       if (valid_regions != mem->nregions) {
-               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Not all memory regions exist in the QEMU mem file. Re-populating mem structure\n",
-                       dev->device_fh);
-
-               /* Re-populate the memory structure with only valid regions. Invalid regions are over-written with memmove. */
-               valid_regions = 0;
-
-               for (regionidx = mem->nregions; 0 != regionidx--;) {
-                       if ((mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address < mem->base_address) ||
-                                       (mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address > (mem->base_address + mem->mapped_size))) {
-                               memmove(&mem->regions[regionidx], &mem->regions[regionidx + 1],
-                                       sizeof(struct virtio_memory_regions) * valid_regions);
-                       } else {
-                               valid_regions++;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       mem->nregions = valid_regions;
-       mem->nregions_hpa = mem->nregions;
-       dev->mem = mem;
-
-       /*
-        * Calculate the address offset for each region. This offset is used to identify the vhost virtual address
-        * corresponding to a QEMU guest physical address.
-        */
-       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
-               dev->mem->regions[regionidx].address_offset = dev->mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address - dev->mem->base_address
-                       + dev->mem->mapped_address - dev->mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address;
-
-               dev->mem->nregions_hpa
-                       += check_hpa_regions(
-                               dev->mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address
-                               + dev->mem->regions[regionidx].address_offset,
-                               dev->mem->regions[regionidx].memory_size);
-       }
-       if (dev->mem->regions_hpa != NULL) {
-               free(dev->mem->regions_hpa);
-               dev->mem->regions_hpa = NULL;
-       }
-
-       dev->mem->regions_hpa = (struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa *) calloc(1,
-               (sizeof(struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa)
-               * dev->mem->nregions_hpa));
-       if (dev->mem->regions_hpa == NULL) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for "
-                       "dev->mem->regions_hpa.\n", dev->device_fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-       if (fill_hpa_memory_regions(
-               (void *)dev->mem) != dev->mem->nregions_hpa) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG,
-                       "in set_mem_table: hpa memory regions number mismatch: "
-                       "[%d]\n", dev->mem->nregions_hpa);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_NUM
- * The virtio device sends us the size of the descriptor ring.
- */
-static int
-set_vring_num(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *state)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* State->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
-       dev->virtqueue[state->index]->size = state->num;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_ADDR
- * The virtio device sends us the desc, used and avail ring addresses. This function
- * then converts these to our address space.
- */
-static int
-set_vring_addr(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_addr *addr)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* addr->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[addr->index];
-
-       /* The addresses are converted from QEMU virtual to Vhost virtual. */
-       vq->desc = (struct vring_desc*)(uintptr_t)qva_to_vva(dev, addr->desc_user_addr);
-       if (vq->desc == 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find descriptor ring address.\n", dev->device_fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       vq->avail = (struct vring_avail*)(uintptr_t)qva_to_vva(dev, addr->avail_user_addr);
-       if (vq->avail == 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find available ring address.\n", dev->device_fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       vq->used = (struct vring_used*)(uintptr_t)qva_to_vva(dev, addr->used_user_addr);
-       if (vq->used == 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find used ring address.\n", dev->device_fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") mapped address desc: %p\n", dev->device_fh, vq->desc);
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") mapped address avail: %p\n", dev->device_fh, vq->avail);
-       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") mapped address used: %p\n", dev->device_fh, vq->used);
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_BASE
- * The virtio device sends us the available ring last used index.
- */
-static int
-set_vring_base(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *state)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* State->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
-       dev->virtqueue[state->index]->last_used_idx = state->num;
-       dev->virtqueue[state->index]->last_used_idx_res = state->num;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_GET_VRING_BASE
- * We send the virtio device our available ring last used index.
- */
-static int
-get_vring_base(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, uint32_t index, struct vhost_vring_state *state)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       state->index = index;
-       /* State->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
-       state->num = dev->virtqueue[state->index]->last_used_idx;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * This function uses the eventfd_link kernel module to copy an eventfd file descriptor
- * provided by QEMU in to our process space.
- */
-static int
-eventfd_copy(struct virtio_net *dev, struct eventfd_copy *eventfd_copy)
-{
-       int eventfd_link, ret;
-
-       /* Open the character device to the kernel module. */
-       eventfd_link = open(eventfd_cdev, O_RDWR);
-       if (eventfd_link < 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") eventfd_link module is not loaded\n",  dev->device_fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /* Call the IOCTL to copy the eventfd. */
-       ret = ioctl(eventfd_link, EVENTFD_COPY, eventfd_copy);
-       close(eventfd_link);
-
-       if (ret < 0) {
-               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") EVENTFD_COPY ioctl failed\n",  dev->device_fh);
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_CALL
- * The virtio device sends an eventfd to interrupt the guest. This fd gets copied in
- * to our process space.
- */
-static int
-set_vring_call(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *file)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-       struct eventfd_copy     eventfd_kick;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* file->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[file->index];
-
-       if (vq->kickfd)
-               close((int)vq->kickfd);
-
-       /* Populate the eventfd_copy structure and call eventfd_copy. */
-       vq->kickfd = eventfd(0, EFD_NONBLOCK | EFD_CLOEXEC);
-       eventfd_kick.source_fd = vq->kickfd;
-       eventfd_kick.target_fd = file->fd;
-       eventfd_kick.target_pid = ctx.pid;
-
-       if (eventfd_copy(dev, &eventfd_kick))
-               return -1;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_KICK
- * The virtio device sends an eventfd that it can use to notify us. This fd gets copied in
- * to our process space.
- */
-static int
-set_vring_kick(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *file)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-       struct eventfd_copy eventfd_call;
-       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL)
-               return -1;
-
-       /* file->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
-       vq = dev->virtqueue[file->index];
-
-       if (vq->callfd)
-               close((int)vq->callfd);
-
-       /* Populate the eventfd_copy structure and call eventfd_copy. */
-       vq->callfd = eventfd(0, EFD_NONBLOCK | EFD_CLOEXEC);
-       eventfd_call.source_fd = vq->callfd;
-       eventfd_call.target_fd = file->fd;
-       eventfd_call.target_pid = ctx.pid;
-
-       if (eventfd_copy(dev, &eventfd_call))
-        return -1;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_NET_SET_BACKEND
- * To complete device initialisation when the virtio driver is loaded we are provided with a
- * valid fd for a tap device (not used by us). If this happens then we can add the device to a
- * data core. When the virtio driver is removed we get fd=-1. At that point we remove the device
- * from the data core. The device will still exist in the device configuration linked list.
- */
-static int
-set_backend(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *file)
-{
-       struct virtio_net *dev;
-
-       dev = get_device(ctx);
-       if (dev == NULL) {
-               return -1;
-       }
-
-       /* file->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
-       dev->virtqueue[file->index]->backend = file->fd;
-
-       /* If the device isn't already running and both backend fds are set we add the device. */
-       if (!(dev->flags & VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING)) {
-               if (((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->backend != VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED) &&
-                       ((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->backend != VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED))
-                       return notify_ops->new_device(dev);
-       /* Otherwise we remove it. */
-       } else
-               if (file->fd == VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED) {
-                       notify_ops->destroy_device(dev);
-               }
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Function pointers are set for the device operations to allow CUSE to call functions
- * when an IOCTL, device_add or device_release is received.
- */
-static const struct vhost_net_device_ops vhost_device_ops =
-{
-       .new_device = new_device,
-       .destroy_device = destroy_device,
-
-       .get_features = get_features,
-       .set_features = set_features,
-
-       .set_mem_table = set_mem_table,
-
-       .set_vring_num = set_vring_num,
-       .set_vring_addr = set_vring_addr,
-       .set_vring_base = set_vring_base,
-       .get_vring_base = get_vring_base,
-
-       .set_vring_kick = set_vring_kick,
-       .set_vring_call = set_vring_call,
-
-       .set_backend = set_backend,
-
-       .set_owner = set_owner,
-       .reset_owner = reset_owner,
-};
-
-/*
- * Called by main to setup callbacks when registering CUSE device.
- */
-struct vhost_net_device_ops const *
-get_virtio_net_callbacks(void)
-{
-       return &vhost_device_ops;
-}
-
-/*
- * Register ops so that we can add/remove device to data core.
- */
-int
-init_virtio_net(struct virtio_net_device_ops const * const ops)
-{
-       notify_ops = ops;
-
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Currently not used as we Ctrl+c to exit application.
- */
-int
-deinit_virtio_net(void)
-{
-       return 0;
-}
diff --git a/examples/vhost/virtio-net.h b/examples/vhost/virtio-net.h
deleted file mode 100644 (file)
index 1a2f0dc..0000000
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-/*-
- *   BSD LICENSE
- *
- *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
- *   All rights reserved.
- *
- *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- *   are met:
- *
- *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
- *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
- *       distribution.
- *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
- *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
- *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
- *
- *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
- *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
- *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
- *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
- *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
- *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
- *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
- *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
- *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- */
-
-#ifndef _VIRTIO_NET_H_
-#define _VIRTIO_NET_H_
-
-/* Used to indicate that the device is running on a data core */
-#define VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING 1
-
-/* Backend value set by guest. */
-#define VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED -1
-
-#define PAGE_SIZE   4096
-
-/* Enum for virtqueue management. */
-enum {VIRTIO_RXQ, VIRTIO_TXQ, VIRTIO_QNUM};
-
-#define BUF_VECTOR_MAX 256
-
-/*
- * Structure contains buffer address, length and descriptor index
- * from vring to do scatter RX.
-*/
-struct buf_vector {
-uint64_t buf_addr;
-uint32_t buf_len;
-uint32_t desc_idx;
-};
-
-/*
- * Structure contains variables relevant to TX/RX virtqueues.
- */
-struct vhost_virtqueue
-{
-       struct vring_desc       *desc;                          /* Virtqueue descriptor ring. */
-       struct vring_avail      *avail;                         /* Virtqueue available ring. */
-       struct vring_used       *used;                          /* Virtqueue used ring. */
-       uint32_t                        size;                           /* Size of descriptor ring. */
-       uint32_t                        backend;                        /* Backend value to determine if device should started/stopped. */
-       uint16_t                        vhost_hlen;                     /* Vhost header length (varies depending on RX merge buffers. */
-       volatile uint16_t       last_used_idx;          /* Last index used on the available ring */
-       volatile uint16_t       last_used_idx_res;      /* Used for multiple devices reserving buffers. */
-       eventfd_t                       callfd;                         /* Currently unused as polling mode is enabled. */
-       eventfd_t                       kickfd;                         /* Used to notify the guest (trigger interrupt). */
-       /* Used for scatter RX. */
-       struct buf_vector       buf_vec[BUF_VECTOR_MAX];
-} __rte_cache_aligned;
-
-/*
- * Device structure contains all configuration information relating to the device.
- */
-struct virtio_net
-{
-       struct vhost_virtqueue  *virtqueue[VIRTIO_QNUM];        /* Contains all virtqueue information. */
-       struct virtio_memory    *mem;                                           /* QEMU memory and memory region information. */
-       struct ether_addr               mac_address;                            /* Device MAC address (Obtained on first TX packet). */
-       uint64_t                                features;                                       /* Negotiated feature set. */
-       uint64_t                                device_fh;                                      /* device identifier. */
-       uint32_t                                vmdq_rx_q;                                      /* RX VMDQ queue number. */
-       uint32_t                                flags;                                          /* Device flags. Only used to check if device is running on data core. */
-       uint32_t                                vlan_tag;                                       /* Vlan tag for device. Currently set to device_id (0-63). */
-       uint16_t                                coreid;                                         /* Data core that the device is added to. */
-       volatile uint8_t                ready;                                          /* A device is set as ready if the MAC address has been set. */
-       volatile uint8_t                remove;                                         /* Device is marked for removal from the data core. */
-} __rte_cache_aligned;
-
-/*
- * Device linked list structure for configuration.
- */
-struct virtio_net_config_ll
-{
-       struct virtio_net               dev;    /* Virtio device. */
-       struct virtio_net_config_ll     *next; /* Next entry on linked list. */
-};
-
-/*
- * Information relating to memory regions including offsets to addresses in QEMUs memory file.
- */
-struct virtio_memory_regions {
-       uint64_t        guest_phys_address;             /* Base guest physical address of region. */
-       uint64_t        guest_phys_address_end; /* End guest physical address of region. */
-       uint64_t        memory_size;                    /* Size of region. */
-       uint64_t        userspace_address;              /* Base userspace address of region. */
-       uint64_t        address_offset;                 /* Offset of region for address translation. */
-};
-
-/*
- * Information relating to memory regions including offsets to
- * addresses in host physical space.
- */
-struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa {
-       /* Base guest physical address of region. */
-       uint64_t        guest_phys_address;
-       /* End guest physical address of region. */
-       uint64_t        guest_phys_address_end;
-       /* Size of region. */
-       uint64_t        memory_size;
-       /* Offset of region for gpa to hpa translation. */
-       uint64_t        host_phys_addr_offset;
-};
-
-/*
- * Memory structure includes region and mapping information.
- */
-struct virtio_memory {
-       uint64_t                        base_address;                   /* Base QEMU userspace address of the memory file. */
-       uint64_t                        mapped_address;                 /* Mapped address of memory file base in our applications memory space. */
-       uint64_t                        mapped_size;                    /* Total size of memory file. */
-       uint32_t                        nregions;                               /* Number of memory regions. */
-        /* Number of memory regions for gpa to hpa translation. */
-       uint32_t                        nregions_hpa;
-       /* Memory region information for gpa to hpa translation. */
-       struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa  *regions_hpa;
-       /* Memory region information. */
-       struct virtio_memory_regions      regions[0];
-};
-
-/*
- * Device operations to add/remove device.
- */
-struct virtio_net_device_ops {
-       int (* new_device)              (struct virtio_net *);  /* Add device. */
-       void (* destroy_device) (volatile struct virtio_net *); /* Remove device. */
-};
-
-int init_virtio_net(struct virtio_net_device_ops const * const);
-int deinit_virtio_net(void);
-
-struct vhost_net_device_ops const * get_virtio_net_callbacks(void);
-
-#endif /* _VIRTIO_NET_H_ */
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/Makefile b/lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/Makefile
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..fc3927b
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#   BSD LICENSE
+#
+#   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+#   All rights reserved.
+#
+#   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+#   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+#   are met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+#       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+#       distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+#       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+#       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+#   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+#   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+#   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+#   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+#   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+#   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+#   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+#   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+#   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+#   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+#   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+obj-m += eventfd_link.o
+
+
+all:
+       make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
+
+clean:
+       make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.c b/lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..fc0653a
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*-
+ *  * GPL LICENSE SUMMARY
+ *  *
+ *  *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *  *
+ *  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  *   it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
+ *  *   published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *  *
+ *  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ *  *   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ *  *   General Public License for more details.
+ *  *
+ *  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *  *   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *  *   The full GNU General Public License is included in this distribution
+ *  *   in the file called LICENSE.GPL.
+ *  *
+ *  *   Contact Information:
+ *  *   Intel Corporation
+ *   */
+
+#include <linux/eventfd.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/mmu_context.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
+#include <linux/fdtable.h>
+
+#include "eventfd_link.h"
+
+
+/*
+ * get_files_struct is copied from fs/file.c
+ */
+struct files_struct *
+get_files_struct (struct task_struct *task)
+{
+       struct files_struct *files;
+
+       task_lock (task);
+       files = task->files;
+       if (files)
+               atomic_inc (&files->count);
+       task_unlock (task);
+
+       return files;
+}
+
+/*
+ * put_files_struct is extracted from fs/file.c
+ */
+void
+put_files_struct (struct files_struct *files)
+{
+       if (atomic_dec_and_test (&files->count))
+       {
+               BUG ();
+       }
+}
+
+
+static long
+eventfd_link_ioctl (struct file *f, unsigned int ioctl, unsigned long arg)
+{
+       void __user *argp = (void __user *) arg;
+       struct task_struct *task_target = NULL;
+       struct file *file;
+       struct files_struct *files;
+       struct fdtable *fdt;
+       struct eventfd_copy eventfd_copy;
+
+       switch (ioctl)
+       {
+               case EVENTFD_COPY:
+                       if (copy_from_user (&eventfd_copy, argp, sizeof (struct eventfd_copy)))
+                               return -EFAULT;
+
+                       /*
+                        * Find the task struct for the target pid
+                        */
+                       task_target =
+                               pid_task (find_vpid (eventfd_copy.target_pid), PIDTYPE_PID);
+                       if (task_target == NULL)
+                       {
+                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get mem ctx for target pid\n");
+                               return -EFAULT;
+                       }
+
+                       files = get_files_struct (current);
+                       if (files == NULL)
+                       {
+                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get files struct\n");
+                               return -EFAULT;
+                       }
+
+                       rcu_read_lock ();
+                       file = fcheck_files (files, eventfd_copy.source_fd);
+                       if (file)
+                       {
+                               if (file->f_mode & FMODE_PATH
+                                               || !atomic_long_inc_not_zero (&file->f_count))
+                                       file = NULL;
+                       }
+                       rcu_read_unlock ();
+                       put_files_struct (files);
+
+                       if (file == NULL)
+                       {
+                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get file from source pid\n");
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+
+                       /*
+                        * Release the existing eventfd in the source process
+                        */
+                       spin_lock (&files->file_lock);
+                       filp_close (file, files);
+                       fdt = files_fdtable (files);
+                       fdt->fd[eventfd_copy.source_fd] = NULL;
+                       spin_unlock (&files->file_lock);
+
+                       /*
+                        * Find the file struct associated with the target fd.
+                        */
+
+                       files = get_files_struct (task_target);
+                       if (files == NULL)
+                       {
+                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get files struct\n");
+                               return -EFAULT;
+                       }
+
+                       rcu_read_lock ();
+                       file = fcheck_files (files, eventfd_copy.target_fd);
+                       if (file)
+                       {
+                               if (file->f_mode & FMODE_PATH
+                                               || !atomic_long_inc_not_zero (&file->f_count))
+                                       file = NULL;
+                       }
+                       rcu_read_unlock ();
+                       put_files_struct (files);
+
+                       if (file == NULL)
+                       {
+                               printk (KERN_DEBUG "Failed to get file from target pid\n");
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+
+
+                       /*
+                        * Install the file struct from the target process into the
+                        * file desciptor of the source process,
+                        */
+
+                       fd_install (eventfd_copy.source_fd, file);
+
+                       return 0;
+
+               default:
+                       return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
+       }
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations eventfd_link_fops = {
+       .owner = THIS_MODULE,
+       .unlocked_ioctl = eventfd_link_ioctl,
+};
+
+
+static struct miscdevice eventfd_link_misc = {
+       .name = "eventfd-link",
+       .fops = &eventfd_link_fops,
+};
+
+static int __init
+eventfd_link_init (void)
+{
+       return misc_register (&eventfd_link_misc);
+}
+
+module_init (eventfd_link_init);
+
+static void __exit
+eventfd_link_exit (void)
+{
+       misc_deregister (&eventfd_link_misc);
+}
+
+module_exit (eventfd_link_exit);
+
+MODULE_VERSION ("0.0.1");
+MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL v2");
+MODULE_AUTHOR ("Anthony Fee");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("Link eventfd");
+MODULE_ALIAS ("devname:eventfd-link");
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h b/lib/librte_vhost/eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..a32a8dd
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*-
+ *  * This file is provided under a dual BSD/GPLv2 license.  When using or
+ *  *   redistributing this file, you may do so under either license.
+ *  *
+ *  *   GPL LICENSE SUMMARY
+ *  *
+ *  *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *  *
+ *  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  *   it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
+ *  *   published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *  *
+ *  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ *  *   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ *  *   General Public License for more details.
+ *  *
+ *  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *  *   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *  *   The full GNU General Public License is included in this distribution
+ *  *   in the file called LICENSE.GPL.
+ *  *
+ *  *   Contact Information:
+ *  *   Intel Corporation
+ *  *
+ *  *   BSD LICENSE
+ *  *
+ *  *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *  *   All rights reserved.
+ *  *
+ *  *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *  *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *  *   are met:
+ *  *
+ *  *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *  *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *  *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *  *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *  *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *  *       distribution.
+ *  *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+ *  *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *  *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *  *
+ *  *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *  *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *  *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *  *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *  *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *  *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *  *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ *  *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ *  *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ *  *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ *  *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *  *
+ *   */
+
+#ifndef _EVENTFD_LINK_H_
+#define _EVENTFD_LINK_H_
+
+/*
+ *     ioctl to copy an fd entry in calling process to an fd in a target process
+ */
+#define EVENTFD_COPY 1
+
+/*
+ *     arguements for the EVENTFD_COPY ioctl
+ */
+struct eventfd_copy {
+       // fd in the target pid
+    unsigned target_fd;
+       // fd in the calling pid
+    unsigned source_fd;
+       // pid of the target pid
+    pid_t target_pid;
+};
+#endif /* _EVENTFD_LINK_H_ */
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/libvirt/qemu-wrap.py b/lib/librte_vhost/libvirt/qemu-wrap.py
new file mode 100755 (executable)
index 0000000..e2d68a0
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+#/*
+# *   BSD LICENSE
+# *
+# *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+# *   All rights reserved.
+# *
+# *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+# *   are met:
+# *
+# *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+# *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+# *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+# *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# *       distribution.
+# *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+# *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+# *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+# *
+# *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+# */
+
+#####################################################################
+# This script is designed to modify the call to the QEMU emulator
+# to support userspace vhost when starting a guest machine through
+# libvirt with vhost enabled. The steps to enable this are as follows
+# and should be run as root:
+#
+# 1. Place this script in a libvirtd's binary search PATH ($PATH)
+#    A good location would be in the same directory that the QEMU
+#    binary is located
+#
+# 2. Ensure that the script has the same owner/group and file
+#    permissions as the QEMU binary
+#
+# 3. Update the VM xml file using "virsh edit VM.xml"
+#
+#    3.a) Set the VM to use the launch script
+#
+#      Set the emulator path contained in the
+#              <emulator><emulator/> tags
+#
+#      e.g replace <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-kvm<emulator/>
+#        with    <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-wrap.py<emulator/>
+#
+#       3.b) Set the VM's device's to use vhost-net offload
+#
+#              <interface type="network">
+#              <model type="virtio"/>
+#              <driver name="vhost"/>
+#              <interface/>
+#
+# 4. Enable libvirt to access our userpace device file by adding it to
+#    controllers cgroup for libvirtd using the following steps
+#
+#   4.a) In /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf add/edit the following lines:
+#         1) cgroup_controllers = [ ... "devices", ... ]
+#                2) clear_emulator_capabilities = 0
+#         3) user = "root"
+#         4) group = "root"
+#         5) cgroup_device_acl = [
+#                "/dev/null", "/dev/full", "/dev/zero",
+#                "/dev/random", "/dev/urandom",
+#                "/dev/ptmx", "/dev/kvm", "/dev/kqemu",
+#                "/dev/rtc", "/dev/hpet", "/dev/net/tun",
+#                "/dev/<devbase-name>-<index>",
+#            ]
+#
+#   4.b) Disable SELinux or set to permissive mode
+#
+#   4.c) Mount cgroup device controller
+#        "mkdir /dev/cgroup"
+#        "mount -t cgroup none /dev/cgroup -o devices"
+#
+#   4.d) Set hugetlbfs_mount variable - ( Optional )
+#        VMs using userspace vhost must use hugepage backed
+#        memory. This can be enabled in the libvirt XML
+#        config by adding a memory backing section to the
+#        XML config e.g.
+#             <memoryBacking>
+#             <hugepages/>
+#             </memoryBacking>
+#        This memory backing section should be added after the
+#        <memory> and <currentMemory> sections. This will add
+#        flags "-mem-prealloc -mem-path <path>" to the QEMU
+#        command line. The hugetlbfs_mount variable can be used
+#        to override the default <path> passed through by libvirt.
+#
+#        if "-mem-prealloc" or "-mem-path <path>" are not passed
+#        through and a vhost device is detected then these options will
+#        be automatically added by this script. This script will detect
+#        the system hugetlbfs mount point to be used for <path>. The
+#        default <path> for this script can be overidden by the
+#        hugetlbfs_dir variable in the configuration section of this script.
+#
+#
+#   4.e) Restart the libvirtd system process
+#        e.g. on Fedora "systemctl restart libvirtd.service"
+#
+#
+#   4.f) Edit the Configuration Parameters section of this script
+#        to point to the correct emulator location and set any
+#        addition options
+#
+# The script modifies the libvirtd Qemu call by modifying/adding
+# options based on the configuration parameters below.
+# NOTE:
+#     emul_path and us_vhost_path must be set
+#     All other parameters are optional
+#####################################################################
+
+
+#############################################
+# Configuration Parameters
+#############################################
+#Path to QEMU binary
+emul_path = "/usr/local/bin/qemu-system-x86_64"
+
+#Path to userspace vhost device file
+# This filename should match the --dev-basename --dev-index parameters of
+# the command used to launch the userspace vhost sample application e.g.
+# if the sample app lauch command is:
+#    ./build/vhost-switch ..... --dev-basename usvhost --dev-index 1
+# then this variable should be set to:
+#   us_vhost_path = "/dev/usvhost-1"
+us_vhost_path = "/dev/usvhost-1"
+
+#List of additional user defined emulation options. These options will
+#be added to all Qemu calls
+emul_opts_user = []
+
+#List of additional user defined emulation options for vhost only.
+#These options will only be added to vhost enabled guests
+emul_opts_user_vhost = []
+
+#For all VHOST enabled VMs, the VM memory is preallocated from hugetlbfs
+# Set this variable to one to enable this option for all VMs
+use_huge_all = 0
+
+#Instead of autodetecting, override the hugetlbfs directory by setting
+#this variable
+hugetlbfs_dir = ""
+
+#############################################
+
+
+#############################################
+# ****** Do Not Modify Below this Line ******
+#############################################
+
+import sys, os, subprocess
+
+
+#List of open userspace vhost file descriptors
+fd_list = []
+
+#additional virtio device flags when using userspace vhost
+vhost_flags = [ "csum=off",
+                "gso=off",
+                "guest_tso4=off",
+                "guest_tso6=off",
+                "guest_ecn=off"
+              ]
+
+
+#############################################
+# Find the system hugefile mount point.
+# Note:
+# if multiple hugetlbfs mount points exist
+# then the first one found will be used
+#############################################
+def find_huge_mount():
+
+    if (len(hugetlbfs_dir)):
+        return hugetlbfs_dir
+
+    huge_mount = ""
+
+    if (os.access("/proc/mounts", os.F_OK)):
+        f = open("/proc/mounts", "r")
+        line = f.readline()
+        while line:
+            line_split = line.split(" ")
+            if line_split[2] == 'hugetlbfs':
+                huge_mount = line_split[1]
+                break
+            line = f.readline()
+    else:
+        print "/proc/mounts not found"
+        exit (1)
+
+    f.close
+    if len(huge_mount) == 0:
+        print "Failed to find hugetlbfs mount point"
+        exit (1)
+
+    return huge_mount
+
+
+#############################################
+# Get a userspace Vhost file descriptor
+#############################################
+def get_vhost_fd():
+
+    if (os.access(us_vhost_path, os.F_OK)):
+        fd = os.open( us_vhost_path, os.O_RDWR)
+    else:
+        print ("US-Vhost file %s not found" %us_vhost_path)
+        exit (1)
+
+    return fd
+
+
+#############################################
+# Check for vhostfd. if found then replace
+# with our own vhost fd and append any vhost
+# flags onto the end
+#############################################
+def modify_netdev_arg(arg):
+       
+    global fd_list
+    vhost_in_use = 0
+    s = ''
+    new_opts = []
+    netdev_opts = arg.split(",")
+
+    for opt in netdev_opts:
+        #check if vhost is used
+        if "vhost" == opt[:5]:
+            vhost_in_use = 1
+        else:
+            new_opts.append(opt)
+
+    #if using vhost append vhost options
+    if vhost_in_use == 1:
+        #append vhost on option
+        new_opts.append('vhost=on')
+        #append vhostfd ption
+        new_fd = get_vhost_fd()
+        new_opts.append('vhostfd=' + str(new_fd))
+        fd_list.append(new_fd)
+
+    #concatenate all options
+    for opt in new_opts:
+        if len(s) > 0:
+                       s+=','
+
+        s+=opt
+
+    return s   
+
+
+#############################################
+# Main
+#############################################
+def main():
+
+    global fd_list
+    global vhost_in_use
+    new_args = []
+    num_cmd_args = len(sys.argv)
+    emul_call = ''
+    mem_prealloc_set = 0
+    mem_path_set = 0
+    num = 0;
+
+    #parse the parameters
+    while (num < num_cmd_args):
+        arg = sys.argv[num]
+
+               #Check netdev +1 parameter for vhostfd
+        if arg == '-netdev':
+            num_vhost_devs = len(fd_list)
+            new_args.append(arg)
+
+            num+=1
+            arg = sys.argv[num]
+            mod_arg = modify_netdev_arg(arg)
+            new_args.append(mod_arg)
+
+            #append vhost flags if this is a vhost device
+            # and -device is the next arg
+            # i.e -device -opt1,-opt2,...,-opt3,%vhost
+            if (num_vhost_devs < len(fd_list)):
+                num+=1
+                arg = sys.argv[num]
+                if arg == '-device':
+                    new_args.append(arg)
+                    num+=1
+                    new_arg = sys.argv[num]
+                    for flag in vhost_flags:
+                        new_arg = ''.join([new_arg,',',flag])
+                    new_args.append(new_arg)
+                else:
+                    new_args.append(arg)
+        elif arg == '-mem-prealloc':
+            mem_prealloc_set = 1
+            new_args.append(arg)
+        elif arg == '-mem-path':
+            mem_path_set = 1
+            new_args.append(arg)
+
+        else:
+            new_args.append(arg)
+
+        num+=1
+
+    #Set Qemu binary location
+    emul_call+=emul_path
+    emul_call+=" "
+
+    #Add prealloc mem options if using vhost and not already added
+    if ((len(fd_list) > 0) and (mem_prealloc_set == 0)):
+        emul_call += "-mem-prealloc "
+
+    #Add mempath mem options if using vhost and not already added
+    if ((len(fd_list) > 0) and (mem_path_set == 0)):
+        #Detect and add hugetlbfs mount point
+        mp = find_huge_mount()
+        mp = "".join(["-mem-path ", mp])
+        emul_call += mp
+        emul_call += " "
+
+
+    #add user options
+    for opt in emul_opts_user:
+        emul_call += opt
+        emul_call += " "
+
+    #Add add user vhost only options
+    if len(fd_list) > 0:
+        for opt in emul_opts_user_vhost:
+            emul_call += opt
+            emul_call += " "
+
+    #Add updated libvirt options
+    iter_args = iter(new_args)
+    #skip 1st arg i.e. call to this script
+    next(iter_args)
+    for arg in iter_args:
+        emul_call+=str(arg)
+        emul_call+= " "
+
+    #Call QEMU
+    subprocess.call(emul_call, shell=True)
+
+
+    #Close usvhost files
+    for fd in fd_list:
+        os.close(fd)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/rte_virtio_net.h b/lib/librte_vhost/rte_virtio_net.h
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..1a2f0dc
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*-
+ *   BSD LICENSE
+ *
+ *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *   All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *   are met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *       distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+ *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _VIRTIO_NET_H_
+#define _VIRTIO_NET_H_
+
+/* Used to indicate that the device is running on a data core */
+#define VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING 1
+
+/* Backend value set by guest. */
+#define VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED -1
+
+#define PAGE_SIZE   4096
+
+/* Enum for virtqueue management. */
+enum {VIRTIO_RXQ, VIRTIO_TXQ, VIRTIO_QNUM};
+
+#define BUF_VECTOR_MAX 256
+
+/*
+ * Structure contains buffer address, length and descriptor index
+ * from vring to do scatter RX.
+*/
+struct buf_vector {
+uint64_t buf_addr;
+uint32_t buf_len;
+uint32_t desc_idx;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Structure contains variables relevant to TX/RX virtqueues.
+ */
+struct vhost_virtqueue
+{
+       struct vring_desc       *desc;                          /* Virtqueue descriptor ring. */
+       struct vring_avail      *avail;                         /* Virtqueue available ring. */
+       struct vring_used       *used;                          /* Virtqueue used ring. */
+       uint32_t                        size;                           /* Size of descriptor ring. */
+       uint32_t                        backend;                        /* Backend value to determine if device should started/stopped. */
+       uint16_t                        vhost_hlen;                     /* Vhost header length (varies depending on RX merge buffers. */
+       volatile uint16_t       last_used_idx;          /* Last index used on the available ring */
+       volatile uint16_t       last_used_idx_res;      /* Used for multiple devices reserving buffers. */
+       eventfd_t                       callfd;                         /* Currently unused as polling mode is enabled. */
+       eventfd_t                       kickfd;                         /* Used to notify the guest (trigger interrupt). */
+       /* Used for scatter RX. */
+       struct buf_vector       buf_vec[BUF_VECTOR_MAX];
+} __rte_cache_aligned;
+
+/*
+ * Device structure contains all configuration information relating to the device.
+ */
+struct virtio_net
+{
+       struct vhost_virtqueue  *virtqueue[VIRTIO_QNUM];        /* Contains all virtqueue information. */
+       struct virtio_memory    *mem;                                           /* QEMU memory and memory region information. */
+       struct ether_addr               mac_address;                            /* Device MAC address (Obtained on first TX packet). */
+       uint64_t                                features;                                       /* Negotiated feature set. */
+       uint64_t                                device_fh;                                      /* device identifier. */
+       uint32_t                                vmdq_rx_q;                                      /* RX VMDQ queue number. */
+       uint32_t                                flags;                                          /* Device flags. Only used to check if device is running on data core. */
+       uint32_t                                vlan_tag;                                       /* Vlan tag for device. Currently set to device_id (0-63). */
+       uint16_t                                coreid;                                         /* Data core that the device is added to. */
+       volatile uint8_t                ready;                                          /* A device is set as ready if the MAC address has been set. */
+       volatile uint8_t                remove;                                         /* Device is marked for removal from the data core. */
+} __rte_cache_aligned;
+
+/*
+ * Device linked list structure for configuration.
+ */
+struct virtio_net_config_ll
+{
+       struct virtio_net               dev;    /* Virtio device. */
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll     *next; /* Next entry on linked list. */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Information relating to memory regions including offsets to addresses in QEMUs memory file.
+ */
+struct virtio_memory_regions {
+       uint64_t        guest_phys_address;             /* Base guest physical address of region. */
+       uint64_t        guest_phys_address_end; /* End guest physical address of region. */
+       uint64_t        memory_size;                    /* Size of region. */
+       uint64_t        userspace_address;              /* Base userspace address of region. */
+       uint64_t        address_offset;                 /* Offset of region for address translation. */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Information relating to memory regions including offsets to
+ * addresses in host physical space.
+ */
+struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa {
+       /* Base guest physical address of region. */
+       uint64_t        guest_phys_address;
+       /* End guest physical address of region. */
+       uint64_t        guest_phys_address_end;
+       /* Size of region. */
+       uint64_t        memory_size;
+       /* Offset of region for gpa to hpa translation. */
+       uint64_t        host_phys_addr_offset;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Memory structure includes region and mapping information.
+ */
+struct virtio_memory {
+       uint64_t                        base_address;                   /* Base QEMU userspace address of the memory file. */
+       uint64_t                        mapped_address;                 /* Mapped address of memory file base in our applications memory space. */
+       uint64_t                        mapped_size;                    /* Total size of memory file. */
+       uint32_t                        nregions;                               /* Number of memory regions. */
+        /* Number of memory regions for gpa to hpa translation. */
+       uint32_t                        nregions_hpa;
+       /* Memory region information for gpa to hpa translation. */
+       struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa  *regions_hpa;
+       /* Memory region information. */
+       struct virtio_memory_regions      regions[0];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Device operations to add/remove device.
+ */
+struct virtio_net_device_ops {
+       int (* new_device)              (struct virtio_net *);  /* Add device. */
+       void (* destroy_device) (volatile struct virtio_net *); /* Remove device. */
+};
+
+int init_virtio_net(struct virtio_net_device_ops const * const);
+int deinit_virtio_net(void);
+
+struct vhost_net_device_ops const * get_virtio_net_callbacks(void);
+
+#endif /* _VIRTIO_NET_H_ */
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/vhost-net-cdev.c b/lib/librte_vhost/vhost-net-cdev.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..8cf806a
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+/*-
+ *   BSD LICENSE
+ *
+ *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *   All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *   are met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *       distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+ *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fuse/cuse_lowlevel.h>
+#include <linux/limits.h>
+#include <linux/vhost.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <rte_ethdev.h>
+#include <rte_log.h>
+#include <rte_string_fns.h>
+
+#include "main.h"
+#include "vhost-net-cdev.h"
+
+#define FUSE_OPT_DUMMY                 "\0\0"
+#define FUSE_OPT_FORE          "-f\0\0"
+#define FUSE_OPT_NOMULTI       "-s\0\0"
+
+const uint32_t default_major = 231;
+const uint32_t default_minor = 1;
+const char             cuse_device_name[]      = "/dev/cuse";
+const char             default_cdev[] = "vhost-net";
+
+static struct fuse_session                     *session;
+static struct vhost_net_device_ops     const *ops;
+
+/*
+ * Returns vhost_device_ctx from given fuse_req_t. The index is populated later when
+ * the device is added to the device linked list.
+ */
+static struct vhost_device_ctx
+fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
+{
+       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx;
+       struct fuse_ctx const *const req_ctx = fuse_req_ctx(req);
+
+       ctx.pid = req_ctx->pid;
+       ctx.fh = fi->fh;
+
+       return ctx;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When the device is created in QEMU it gets initialised here and added to the device linked list.
+ */
+static void
+vhost_net_open(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
+{
+       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx = fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(req, fi);
+       int err = 0;
+
+       err = ops->new_device(ctx);
+       if (err == -1) {
+               fuse_reply_err(req, EPERM);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       fi->fh = err;
+
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Device configuration started\n", fi->fh);
+       fuse_reply_open(req, fi);
+}
+
+/*
+ * When QEMU is shutdown or killed the device gets released.
+ */
+static void
+vhost_net_release(fuse_req_t req, struct fuse_file_info *fi)
+{
+       int err = 0;
+       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx = fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(req, fi);
+
+       ops->destroy_device(ctx);
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Device released\n", ctx.fh);
+       fuse_reply_err(req, err);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Boilerplate code for CUSE IOCTL
+ * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result.
+ */
+#define VHOST_IOCTL(func) do {                                                         \
+       result = (func)(ctx);                                                                   \
+       fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);                                 \
+} while(0)                                                                                                     \
+
+/*
+ * Boilerplate IOCTL RETRY
+ * Implicit arguments: req.
+ */
+#define VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(size_r, size_w) do {                                                                 \
+       struct iovec iov_r = { arg, (size_r) };                                                                         \
+       struct iovec iov_w = { arg, (size_w) };                                                                         \
+       fuse_reply_ioctl_retry(req, &iov_r, (size_r)?1:0, &iov_w, (size_w)?1:0);        \
+} while(0)                                                                                                                                             \
+
+/*
+ * Boilerplate code for CUSE Read IOCTL
+ * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result, in_bufsz, in_buf.
+ */
+#define VHOST_IOCTL_R(type, var, func) do {                            \
+       if (!in_bufsz) {                                                                        \
+               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(type), 0);                             \
+       } else {                                                                                        \
+               (var) = *(const type * ) in_buf;                                \
+               result = func(ctx, &(var));                                             \
+               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);                 \
+       }                                                                                                       \
+} while(0)                                                                                             \
+
+/*
+ *     Boilerplate code for CUSE Write IOCTL
+ * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result, out_bufsz.
+ */
+#define        VHOST_IOCTL_W(type, var, func) do {                                             \
+       if (!out_bufsz) {                                                                                       \
+               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(0, sizeof(type));                                             \
+       } else {                                                                                                        \
+               result = (func)(ctx, &(var));                                                   \
+               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, &(var), sizeof(type));    \
+       }                                                                                                                       \
+} while(0)                                                                                                             \
+
+/*
+ * Boilerplate code for CUSE Read/Write IOCTL
+ * Implicit arguments: ctx, req, result, in_bufsz, in_buf.
+ */
+#define VHOST_IOCTL_RW(type1, var1, type2, var2, func) do {                    \
+       if (!in_bufsz) {                                                                                                \
+               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(type1), sizeof(type2));                        \
+       } else {                                                                                                                \
+               (var1) = *(const type1* ) (in_buf);                                                     \
+               result = (func)(ctx, (var1), &(var2));                                          \
+               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, &(var2), sizeof(type2));          \
+       }                                                                                                                               \
+} while(0)                                                                                                                     \
+
+/*
+ * The IOCTLs are handled using CUSE/FUSE in userspace. Depending on
+ * the type of IOCTL a buffer is requested to read or to write. This
+ * request is handled by FUSE and the buffer is then given to CUSE.
+ */
+static void
+vhost_net_ioctl(fuse_req_t req, int cmd, void *arg,
+               struct fuse_file_info *fi, __rte_unused unsigned flags,
+               const void *in_buf, size_t in_bufsz, size_t out_bufsz)
+{
+       struct vhost_device_ctx ctx = fuse_req_to_vhost_ctx(req, fi);
+       struct vhost_vring_file file;
+       struct vhost_vring_state state;
+       struct vhost_vring_addr addr;
+       uint64_t features;
+       uint32_t index;
+       int result = 0;
+
+       switch(cmd)
+       {
+               case VHOST_NET_SET_BACKEND:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_NET_SET_BACKEND\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_file, file, ops->set_backend);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_GET_FEATURES:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_GET_FEATURES\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_W(uint64_t, features, ops->get_features);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_FEATURES:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_FEATURES\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(uint64_t, features, ops->set_features);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_RESET_OWNER:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_RESET_OWNER\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL(ops->reset_owner);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_OWNER:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_OWNER\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL(ops->set_owner);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE\n", ctx.fh);
+                       static struct vhost_memory mem_temp;
+
+                       switch(in_bufsz){
+                               case 0:
+                                       VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(struct vhost_memory), 0);
+                                       break;
+
+                               case sizeof(struct vhost_memory):
+                                       mem_temp = *(const struct vhost_memory *) in_buf;
+
+                                       if (mem_temp.nregions > 0) {
+                                               VHOST_IOCTL_RETRY(sizeof(struct vhost_memory) + (sizeof(struct vhost_memory_region) * mem_temp.nregions), 0);
+                                       } else {
+                                               result = -1;
+                                               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);
+                                       }
+                                       break;
+
+                               default:
+                                       result = ops->set_mem_table(ctx, in_buf, mem_temp.nregions);
+                                       if (result)
+                                               fuse_reply_err(req, EINVAL);
+                                       else
+                                               fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);
+
+                       }
+
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_VRING_NUM:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_NUM\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_state, state, ops->set_vring_num);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_VRING_BASE:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_BASE\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_state, state, ops->set_vring_base);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_GET_VRING_BASE:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_GET_VRING_BASE\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_RW(uint32_t, index, struct vhost_vring_state, state, ops->get_vring_base);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_VRING_ADDR:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_ADDR\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_addr, addr, ops->set_vring_addr);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_VRING_KICK:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_KICK\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_file, file, ops->set_vring_kick);
+                       break;
+
+               case VHOST_SET_VRING_CALL:
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_CALL\n", ctx.fh);
+                       VHOST_IOCTL_R(struct vhost_vring_file, file, ops->set_vring_call);
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: DOESN NOT EXIST\n", ctx.fh);
+                       result = -1;
+                       fuse_reply_ioctl(req, result, NULL, 0);
+       }
+
+       if (result < 0) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: FAIL\n", ctx.fh);
+       } else {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") IOCTL: SUCCESS\n", ctx.fh);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Structure handling open, release and ioctl function pointers is populated.
+ */
+static const struct cuse_lowlevel_ops vhost_net_ops = {
+       .open           = vhost_net_open,
+       .release        = vhost_net_release,
+       .ioctl          = vhost_net_ioctl,
+};
+
+/*
+ * cuse_info is populated and used to register the cuse device. vhost_net_device_ops are
+ * also passed when the device is registered in main.c.
+ */
+int
+register_cuse_device(const char *base_name, int index, struct vhost_net_device_ops const * const pops)
+{
+       struct cuse_info cuse_info;
+       char device_name[PATH_MAX] = "";
+       char char_device_name[PATH_MAX] = "";
+       const char *device_argv[] = { device_name };
+
+       char fuse_opt_dummy[] = FUSE_OPT_DUMMY;
+       char fuse_opt_fore[] = FUSE_OPT_FORE;
+       char fuse_opt_nomulti[] = FUSE_OPT_NOMULTI;
+       char *fuse_argv[] = {fuse_opt_dummy, fuse_opt_fore, fuse_opt_nomulti};
+
+       if (access(cuse_device_name, R_OK | W_OK) < 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Character device %s can't be accessed, maybe not exist\n", cuse_device_name);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * The device name is created. This is passed to QEMU so that it can register
+        * the device with our application. The index allows us to have multiple instances
+        * of userspace vhost which we can then add devices to separately.
+        */
+       if (strncmp(base_name, default_cdev, PATH_MAX)!=0) {
+               snprintf(device_name, PATH_MAX, "DEVNAME=%s-%d", base_name, index);
+               snprintf(char_device_name, PATH_MAX, "/dev/%s-%d", base_name, index);
+       } else {
+               snprintf(device_name, PATH_MAX, "DEVNAME=%s", base_name);
+               snprintf(char_device_name, PATH_MAX, "/dev/%s", base_name);
+       }
+
+       /* Check if device already exists. */
+       if (access(char_device_name, F_OK) != -1) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Character device %s already exists\n", char_device_name);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       memset(&cuse_info, 0, sizeof(cuse_info));
+       cuse_info.dev_major = default_major;
+       cuse_info.dev_minor = default_minor + index;
+       cuse_info.dev_info_argc = 1;
+       cuse_info.dev_info_argv = device_argv;
+       cuse_info.flags = CUSE_UNRESTRICTED_IOCTL;
+
+       ops = pops;
+
+       session = cuse_lowlevel_setup(3, fuse_argv,
+                               &cuse_info, &vhost_net_ops, 0, NULL);
+       if (session == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The CUSE session is launched allowing the application to receive open, release and ioctl calls.
+ */
+int
+start_cuse_session_loop(void)
+{
+       fuse_session_loop(session);
+
+       return 0;
+}
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/vhost-net-cdev.h b/lib/librte_vhost/vhost-net-cdev.h
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..575daa9
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*-
+ *   BSD LICENSE
+ *
+ *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *   All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *   are met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *       distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+ *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _VHOST_NET_CDEV_H_
+#define _VHOST_NET_CDEV_H_
+
+#include <linux/vhost.h>
+
+struct vhost_memory;
+struct vhost_vring_state;
+struct vhost_vring_addr;
+struct vhost_vring_file;
+
+/*
+ * Structure used to identify device context.
+ */
+struct vhost_device_ctx
+{
+       pid_t           pid;    /* PID of process calling the IOCTL. */
+       uint64_t        fh;             /* Populated with fi->fh to track the device index. */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Structure contains function pointers to be defined in virtio-net.c. These
+ * functions are called in CUSE context and are used to configure devices.
+ */
+struct vhost_net_device_ops {
+       int (* new_device)              (struct vhost_device_ctx);
+       void (* destroy_device) (struct vhost_device_ctx);
+
+       int (* get_features)    (struct vhost_device_ctx, uint64_t *);
+       int (* set_features)    (struct vhost_device_ctx, uint64_t *);
+
+       int (* set_mem_table)   (struct vhost_device_ctx, const void *, uint32_t);
+
+       int (* set_vring_num)   (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *);
+       int (* set_vring_addr)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_addr *);
+       int (* set_vring_base)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *);
+       int (* get_vring_base)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, uint32_t, struct vhost_vring_state *);
+
+       int (* set_vring_kick)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *);
+       int (* set_vring_call)  (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *);
+
+       int (* set_backend)     (struct vhost_device_ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *);
+
+       int (* set_owner)               (struct vhost_device_ctx);
+       int (* reset_owner)     (struct vhost_device_ctx);
+};
+
+int register_cuse_device(const char *base_name, int index, struct vhost_net_device_ops const * const);
+int start_cuse_session_loop(void);
+
+#endif /* _VHOST_NET_CDEV_H_ */
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/vhost_rxtx.c b/lib/librte_vhost/vhost_rxtx.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..c23d453
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,3727 @@
+/*-
+ *   BSD LICENSE
+ *
+ *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *   All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *   are met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *       distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+ *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <linux/if_ether.h>
+#include <linux/if_vlan.h>
+#include <linux/virtio_net.h>
+#include <linux/virtio_ring.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <sys/eventfd.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <rte_atomic.h>
+#include <rte_cycles.h>
+#include <rte_ethdev.h>
+#include <rte_log.h>
+#include <rte_string_fns.h>
+#include <rte_malloc.h>
+
+#include "main.h"
+#include "virtio-net.h"
+#include "vhost-net-cdev.h"
+
+#define MAX_QUEUES 128
+
+/* the maximum number of external ports supported */
+#define MAX_SUP_PORTS 1
+
+/*
+ * Calculate the number of buffers needed per port
+ */
+#define NUM_MBUFS_PER_PORT ((MAX_QUEUES*RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT) +            \
+                                                       (num_switching_cores*MAX_PKT_BURST) +                   \
+                                                       (num_switching_cores*RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT) +\
+                                                       (num_switching_cores*MBUF_CACHE_SIZE))
+
+#define MBUF_CACHE_SIZE 128
+#define MBUF_SIZE (2048 + sizeof(struct rte_mbuf) + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM)
+
+/*
+ * No frame data buffer allocated from host are required for zero copy
+ * implementation, guest will allocate the frame data buffer, and vhost
+ * directly use it.
+ */
+#define VIRTIO_DESCRIPTOR_LEN_ZCP 1518
+#define MBUF_SIZE_ZCP (VIRTIO_DESCRIPTOR_LEN_ZCP + sizeof(struct rte_mbuf) \
+       + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM)
+#define MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP 0
+
+/*
+ * RX and TX Prefetch, Host, and Write-back threshold values should be
+ * carefully set for optimal performance. Consult the network
+ * controller's datasheet and supporting DPDK documentation for guidance
+ * on how these parameters should be set.
+ */
+#define RX_PTHRESH 8 /* Default values of RX prefetch threshold reg. */
+#define RX_HTHRESH 8 /* Default values of RX host threshold reg. */
+#define RX_WTHRESH 4 /* Default values of RX write-back threshold reg. */
+
+/*
+ * These default values are optimized for use with the Intel(R) 82599 10 GbE
+ * Controller and the DPDK ixgbe PMD. Consider using other values for other
+ * network controllers and/or network drivers.
+ */
+#define TX_PTHRESH 36 /* Default values of TX prefetch threshold reg. */
+#define TX_HTHRESH 0  /* Default values of TX host threshold reg. */
+#define TX_WTHRESH 0  /* Default values of TX write-back threshold reg. */
+
+#define MAX_PKT_BURST 32               /* Max burst size for RX/TX */
+#define MAX_MRG_PKT_BURST 16   /* Max burst for merge buffers. Set to 1 due to performance issue. */
+#define BURST_TX_DRAIN_US 100  /* TX drain every ~100us */
+
+#define BURST_RX_WAIT_US 15    /* Defines how long we wait between retries on RX */
+#define BURST_RX_RETRIES 4             /* Number of retries on RX. */
+
+#define JUMBO_FRAME_MAX_SIZE    0x2600
+
+/* State of virtio device. */
+#define DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING 0
+#define DEVICE_RX                      1
+#define DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE     2
+
+/* Config_core_flag status definitions. */
+#define REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL 1
+#define ACK_DEV_REMOVAL 0
+
+/* Configurable number of RX/TX ring descriptors */
+#define RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT 1024
+#define RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT 512
+
+/*
+ * Need refine these 2 macros for legacy and DPDK based front end:
+ * Max vring avail descriptor/entries from guest - MAX_PKT_BURST
+ * And then adjust power 2.
+ */
+/*
+ * For legacy front end, 128 descriptors,
+ * half for virtio header, another half for mbuf.
+ */
+#define RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP 32   /* legacy: 32, DPDK virt FE: 128. */
+#define RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP 64   /* legacy: 64, DPDK virt FE: 64.  */
+
+/* Get first 4 bytes in mbuf headroom. */
+#define MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf) (*(uint32_t *)((uint8_t *)(mbuf) \
+               + sizeof(struct rte_mbuf)))
+
+/* true if x is a power of 2 */
+#define POWEROF2(x) ((((x)-1) & (x)) == 0)
+
+#define INVALID_PORT_ID 0xFF
+
+/* Max number of devices. Limited by vmdq. */
+#define MAX_DEVICES 64
+
+/* Size of buffers used for snprintfs. */
+#define MAX_PRINT_BUFF 6072
+
+/* Maximum character device basename size. */
+#define MAX_BASENAME_SZ 10
+
+/* Maximum long option length for option parsing. */
+#define MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ 64
+
+/* Used to compare MAC addresses. */
+#define MAC_ADDR_CMP 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFULL
+
+/* Number of descriptors per cacheline. */
+#define DESC_PER_CACHELINE (CACHE_LINE_SIZE / sizeof(struct vring_desc))
+
+/* mask of enabled ports */
+static uint32_t enabled_port_mask = 0;
+
+/*Number of switching cores enabled*/
+static uint32_t num_switching_cores = 0;
+
+/* number of devices/queues to support*/
+static uint32_t num_queues = 0;
+uint32_t num_devices = 0;
+
+/*
+ * Enable zero copy, pkts buffer will directly dma to hw descriptor,
+ * disabled on default.
+ */
+static uint32_t zero_copy;
+
+/* number of descriptors to apply*/
+static uint32_t num_rx_descriptor = RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP;
+static uint32_t num_tx_descriptor = RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT_ZCP;
+
+/* max ring descriptor, ixgbe, i40e, e1000 all are 4096. */
+#define MAX_RING_DESC 4096
+
+struct vpool {
+       struct rte_mempool *pool;
+       struct rte_ring *ring;
+       uint32_t buf_size;
+} vpool_array[MAX_QUEUES+MAX_QUEUES];
+
+/* Enable VM2VM communications. If this is disabled then the MAC address compare is skipped. */
+typedef enum {
+       VM2VM_DISABLED = 0,
+       VM2VM_SOFTWARE = 1,
+       VM2VM_HARDWARE = 2,
+       VM2VM_LAST
+} vm2vm_type;
+static vm2vm_type vm2vm_mode = VM2VM_SOFTWARE;
+
+/* The type of host physical address translated from guest physical address. */
+typedef enum {
+       PHYS_ADDR_CONTINUOUS = 0,
+       PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG = 1,
+       PHYS_ADDR_INVALID = 2,
+       PHYS_ADDR_LAST
+} hpa_type;
+
+/* Enable stats. */
+static uint32_t enable_stats = 0;
+/* Enable retries on RX. */
+static uint32_t enable_retry = 1;
+/* Specify timeout (in useconds) between retries on RX. */
+static uint32_t burst_rx_delay_time = BURST_RX_WAIT_US;
+/* Specify the number of retries on RX. */
+static uint32_t burst_rx_retry_num = BURST_RX_RETRIES;
+
+/* Character device basename. Can be set by user. */
+static char dev_basename[MAX_BASENAME_SZ] = "vhost-net";
+
+/* Charater device index. Can be set by user. */
+static uint32_t dev_index = 0;
+
+/* This can be set by the user so it is made available here. */
+extern uint64_t VHOST_FEATURES;
+
+/* Default configuration for rx and tx thresholds etc. */
+static struct rte_eth_rxconf rx_conf_default = {
+       .rx_thresh = {
+               .pthresh = RX_PTHRESH,
+               .hthresh = RX_HTHRESH,
+               .wthresh = RX_WTHRESH,
+       },
+       .rx_drop_en = 1,
+};
+
+/*
+ * These default values are optimized for use with the Intel(R) 82599 10 GbE
+ * Controller and the DPDK ixgbe/igb PMD. Consider using other values for other
+ * network controllers and/or network drivers.
+ */
+static struct rte_eth_txconf tx_conf_default = {
+       .tx_thresh = {
+               .pthresh = TX_PTHRESH,
+               .hthresh = TX_HTHRESH,
+               .wthresh = TX_WTHRESH,
+       },
+       .tx_free_thresh = 0, /* Use PMD default values */
+       .tx_rs_thresh = 0, /* Use PMD default values */
+};
+
+/* empty vmdq configuration structure. Filled in programatically */
+static struct rte_eth_conf vmdq_conf_default = {
+       .rxmode = {
+               .mq_mode        = ETH_MQ_RX_VMDQ_ONLY,
+               .split_hdr_size = 0,
+               .header_split   = 0, /**< Header Split disabled */
+               .hw_ip_checksum = 0, /**< IP checksum offload disabled */
+               .hw_vlan_filter = 0, /**< VLAN filtering disabled */
+               /*
+                * It is necessary for 1G NIC such as I350,
+                * this fixes bug of ipv4 forwarding in guest can't
+                * forward pakets from one virtio dev to another virtio dev.
+                */
+               .hw_vlan_strip  = 1, /**< VLAN strip enabled. */
+               .jumbo_frame    = 0, /**< Jumbo Frame Support disabled */
+               .hw_strip_crc   = 0, /**< CRC stripped by hardware */
+       },
+
+       .txmode = {
+               .mq_mode = ETH_MQ_TX_NONE,
+       },
+       .rx_adv_conf = {
+               /*
+                * should be overridden separately in code with
+                * appropriate values
+                */
+               .vmdq_rx_conf = {
+                       .nb_queue_pools = ETH_8_POOLS,
+                       .enable_default_pool = 0,
+                       .default_pool = 0,
+                       .nb_pool_maps = 0,
+                       .pool_map = {{0, 0},},
+               },
+       },
+};
+
+static unsigned lcore_ids[RTE_MAX_LCORE];
+static uint8_t ports[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];
+static unsigned num_ports = 0; /**< The number of ports specified in command line */
+
+static const uint16_t external_pkt_default_vlan_tag = 2000;
+const uint16_t vlan_tags[] = {
+       1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007,
+       1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1015,
+       1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021, 1022, 1023,
+       1024, 1025, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031,
+       1032, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1036, 1037, 1038, 1039,
+       1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047,
+       1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055,
+       1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1062, 1063,
+};
+
+/* ethernet addresses of ports */
+static struct ether_addr vmdq_ports_eth_addr[RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS];
+
+/* heads for the main used and free linked lists for the data path. */
+static struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_root_used = NULL;
+static struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_root_free = NULL;
+
+/* Array of data core structures containing information on individual core linked lists. */
+static struct lcore_info lcore_info[RTE_MAX_LCORE];
+
+/* Used for queueing bursts of TX packets. */
+struct mbuf_table {
+       unsigned len;
+       unsigned txq_id;
+       struct rte_mbuf *m_table[MAX_PKT_BURST];
+};
+
+/* TX queue for each data core. */
+struct mbuf_table lcore_tx_queue[RTE_MAX_LCORE];
+
+/* TX queue fori each virtio device for zero copy. */
+struct mbuf_table tx_queue_zcp[MAX_QUEUES];
+
+/* Vlan header struct used to insert vlan tags on TX. */
+struct vlan_ethhdr {
+       unsigned char   h_dest[ETH_ALEN];
+       unsigned char   h_source[ETH_ALEN];
+       __be16          h_vlan_proto;
+       __be16          h_vlan_TCI;
+       __be16          h_vlan_encapsulated_proto;
+};
+
+/* IPv4 Header */
+struct ipv4_hdr {
+       uint8_t  version_ihl;           /**< version and header length */
+       uint8_t  type_of_service;       /**< type of service */
+       uint16_t total_length;          /**< length of packet */
+       uint16_t packet_id;             /**< packet ID */
+       uint16_t fragment_offset;       /**< fragmentation offset */
+       uint8_t  time_to_live;          /**< time to live */
+       uint8_t  next_proto_id;         /**< protocol ID */
+       uint16_t hdr_checksum;          /**< header checksum */
+       uint32_t src_addr;              /**< source address */
+       uint32_t dst_addr;              /**< destination address */
+} __attribute__((__packed__));
+
+/* Header lengths. */
+#define VLAN_HLEN       4
+#define VLAN_ETH_HLEN   18
+
+/* Per-device statistics struct */
+struct device_statistics {
+       uint64_t tx_total;
+       rte_atomic64_t rx_total_atomic;
+       uint64_t rx_total;
+       uint64_t tx;
+       rte_atomic64_t rx_atomic;
+       uint64_t rx;
+} __rte_cache_aligned;
+struct device_statistics dev_statistics[MAX_DEVICES];
+
+/*
+ * Builds up the correct configuration for VMDQ VLAN pool map
+ * according to the pool & queue limits.
+ */
+static inline int
+get_eth_conf(struct rte_eth_conf *eth_conf, uint32_t num_devices)
+{
+       struct rte_eth_vmdq_rx_conf conf;
+       unsigned i;
+
+       memset(&conf, 0, sizeof(conf));
+       conf.nb_queue_pools = (enum rte_eth_nb_pools)num_devices;
+       conf.nb_pool_maps = num_devices;
+       conf.enable_loop_back =
+               vmdq_conf_default.rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf.enable_loop_back;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < conf.nb_pool_maps; i++) {
+               conf.pool_map[i].vlan_id = vlan_tags[ i ];
+               conf.pool_map[i].pools = (1UL << i);
+       }
+
+       (void)(rte_memcpy(eth_conf, &vmdq_conf_default, sizeof(*eth_conf)));
+       (void)(rte_memcpy(&eth_conf->rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf, &conf,
+                  sizeof(eth_conf->rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf)));
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Validate the device number according to the max pool number gotten form
+ * dev_info. If the device number is invalid, give the error message and
+ * return -1. Each device must have its own pool.
+ */
+static inline int
+validate_num_devices(uint32_t max_nb_devices)
+{
+       if (num_devices > max_nb_devices) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_PORT, "invalid number of devices\n");
+               return -1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialises a given port using global settings and with the rx buffers
+ * coming from the mbuf_pool passed as parameter
+ */
+static inline int
+port_init(uint8_t port)
+{
+       struct rte_eth_dev_info dev_info;
+       struct rte_eth_conf port_conf;
+       uint16_t rx_rings, tx_rings;
+       uint16_t rx_ring_size, tx_ring_size;
+       int retval;
+       uint16_t q;
+
+       /* The max pool number from dev_info will be used to validate the pool number specified in cmd line */
+       rte_eth_dev_info_get (port, &dev_info);
+
+       /*configure the number of supported virtio devices based on VMDQ limits */
+       num_devices = dev_info.max_vmdq_pools;
+       num_queues = dev_info.max_rx_queues;
+
+       if (zero_copy) {
+               rx_ring_size = num_rx_descriptor;
+               tx_ring_size = num_tx_descriptor;
+               tx_rings = dev_info.max_tx_queues;
+       } else {
+               rx_ring_size = RTE_TEST_RX_DESC_DEFAULT;
+               tx_ring_size = RTE_TEST_TX_DESC_DEFAULT;
+               tx_rings = (uint16_t)rte_lcore_count();
+       }
+
+       retval = validate_num_devices(MAX_DEVICES);
+       if (retval < 0)
+               return retval;
+
+       /* Get port configuration. */
+       retval = get_eth_conf(&port_conf, num_devices);
+       if (retval < 0)
+               return retval;
+
+       if (port >= rte_eth_dev_count()) return -1;
+
+       rx_rings = (uint16_t)num_queues,
+       /* Configure ethernet device. */
+       retval = rte_eth_dev_configure(port, rx_rings, tx_rings, &port_conf);
+       if (retval != 0)
+               return retval;
+
+       /* Setup the queues. */
+       for (q = 0; q < rx_rings; q ++) {
+               retval = rte_eth_rx_queue_setup(port, q, rx_ring_size,
+                                               rte_eth_dev_socket_id(port), &rx_conf_default,
+                                               vpool_array[q].pool);
+               if (retval < 0)
+                       return retval;
+       }
+       for (q = 0; q < tx_rings; q ++) {
+               retval = rte_eth_tx_queue_setup(port, q, tx_ring_size,
+                                               rte_eth_dev_socket_id(port), &tx_conf_default);
+               if (retval < 0)
+                       return retval;
+       }
+
+       /* Start the device. */
+       retval  = rte_eth_dev_start(port);
+       if (retval < 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "Failed to start the device.\n");
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       rte_eth_macaddr_get(port, &vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port]);
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Max virtio devices supported: %u\n", num_devices);
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Port %u MAC: %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8
+                       " %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8" %02"PRIx8"\n",
+                       (unsigned)port,
+                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[0],
+                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[1],
+                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[2],
+                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[3],
+                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[4],
+                       vmdq_ports_eth_addr[port].addr_bytes[5]);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set character device basename.
+ */
+static int
+us_vhost_parse_basename(const char *q_arg)
+{
+       /* parse number string */
+
+       if (strnlen(q_arg, MAX_BASENAME_SZ) > MAX_BASENAME_SZ)
+               return -1;
+       else
+               snprintf((char*)&dev_basename, MAX_BASENAME_SZ, "%s", q_arg);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the portmask provided at run time.
+ */
+static int
+parse_portmask(const char *portmask)
+{
+       char *end = NULL;
+       unsigned long pm;
+
+       errno = 0;
+
+       /* parse hexadecimal string */
+       pm = strtoul(portmask, &end, 16);
+       if ((portmask[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0))
+               return -1;
+
+       if (pm == 0)
+               return -1;
+
+       return pm;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse num options at run time.
+ */
+static int
+parse_num_opt(const char *q_arg, uint32_t max_valid_value)
+{
+       char *end = NULL;
+       unsigned long num;
+
+       errno = 0;
+
+       /* parse unsigned int string */
+       num = strtoul(q_arg, &end, 10);
+       if ((q_arg[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0))
+               return -1;
+
+       if (num > max_valid_value)
+               return -1;
+
+       return num;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Display usage
+ */
+static void
+us_vhost_usage(const char *prgname)
+{
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "%s [EAL options] -- -p PORTMASK\n"
+       "               --vm2vm [0|1|2]\n"
+       "               --rx_retry [0|1] --mergeable [0|1] --stats [0-N]\n"
+       "               --dev-basename <name> --dev-index [0-N]\n"
+       "               --nb-devices ND\n"
+       "               -p PORTMASK: Set mask for ports to be used by application\n"
+       "               --vm2vm [0|1|2]: disable/software(default)/hardware vm2vm comms\n"
+       "               --rx-retry [0|1]: disable/enable(default) retries on rx. Enable retry if destintation queue is full\n"
+       "               --rx-retry-delay [0-N]: timeout(in usecond) between retries on RX. This makes effect only if retries on rx enabled\n"
+       "               --rx-retry-num [0-N]: the number of retries on rx. This makes effect only if retries on rx enabled\n"
+       "               --mergeable [0|1]: disable(default)/enable RX mergeable buffers\n"
+       "               --stats [0-N]: 0: Disable stats, N: Time in seconds to print stats\n"
+       "               --dev-basename: The basename to be used for the character device.\n"
+       "               --dev-index [0-N]: Defaults to zero if not used. Index is appended to basename.\n"
+       "               --zero-copy [0|1]: disable(default)/enable rx/tx "
+                       "zero copy\n"
+       "               --rx-desc-num [0-N]: the number of descriptors on rx, "
+                       "used only when zero copy is enabled.\n"
+       "               --tx-desc-num [0-N]: the number of descriptors on tx, "
+                       "used only when zero copy is enabled.\n",
+              prgname);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the arguments given in the command line of the application.
+ */
+static int
+us_vhost_parse_args(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+       int opt, ret;
+       int option_index;
+       unsigned i;
+       const char *prgname = argv[0];
+       static struct option long_option[] = {
+               {"vm2vm", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"rx-retry", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"rx-retry-delay", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"rx-retry-num", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"mergeable", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"stats", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"dev-basename", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"dev-index", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"zero-copy", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"rx-desc-num", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {"tx-desc-num", required_argument, NULL, 0},
+               {NULL, 0, 0, 0},
+       };
+
+       /* Parse command line */
+       while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "p:",long_option, &option_index)) != EOF) {
+               switch (opt) {
+               /* Portmask */
+               case 'p':
+                       enabled_port_mask = parse_portmask(optarg);
+                       if (enabled_port_mask == 0) {
+                               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid portmask\n");
+                               us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+                       break;
+
+               case 0:
+                       /* Enable/disable vm2vm comms. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "vm2vm",
+                               MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, (VM2VM_LAST - 1));
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
+                                               "Invalid argument for "
+                                               "vm2vm [0|1|2]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       vm2vm_mode = (vm2vm_type)ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Enable/disable retries on RX. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "rx-retry", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, 1);
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for rx-retry [0|1]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       enable_retry = ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Specify the retries delay time (in useconds) on RX. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "rx-retry-delay", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for rx-retry-delay [0-N]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       burst_rx_delay_time = ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Specify the retries number on RX. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "rx-retry-num", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for rx-retry-num [0-N]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       burst_rx_retry_num = ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Enable/disable RX mergeable buffers. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "mergeable", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, 1);
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for mergeable [0|1]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       if (ret) {
+                                               vmdq_conf_default.rxmode.jumbo_frame = 1;
+                                               vmdq_conf_default.rxmode.max_rx_pkt_len
+                                                       = JUMBO_FRAME_MAX_SIZE;
+                                               VHOST_FEATURES = (1ULL << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Enable/disable stats. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "stats", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for stats [0..N]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       enable_stats = ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Set character device basename. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "dev-basename", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               if (us_vhost_parse_basename(optarg) == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for character device basename (Max %d characters)\n", MAX_BASENAME_SZ);
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Set character device index. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name, "dev-index", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, INT32_MAX);
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG, "Invalid argument for character device index [0..N]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else
+                                       dev_index = ret;
+                       }
+
+                       /* Enable/disable rx/tx zero copy. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name,
+                               "zero-copy", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, 1);
+                               if (ret == -1) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
+                                               "Invalid argument"
+                                               " for zero-copy [0|1]\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else
+                                       zero_copy = ret;
+
+                               if (zero_copy) {
+#ifdef RTE_MBUF_REFCNT
+                                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Before running "
+                                       "zero copy vhost APP, please "
+                                       "disable RTE_MBUF_REFCNT\n"
+                                       "in config file and then rebuild DPDK "
+                                       "core lib!\n"
+                                       "Otherwise please disable zero copy "
+                                       "flag in command line!\n");
+                                       return -1;
+#endif
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Specify the descriptor number on RX. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name,
+                               "rx-desc-num", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, MAX_RING_DESC);
+                               if ((ret == -1) || (!POWEROF2(ret))) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
+                                       "Invalid argument for rx-desc-num[0-N],"
+                                       "power of 2 required.\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       num_rx_descriptor = ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       /* Specify the descriptor number on TX. */
+                       if (!strncmp(long_option[option_index].name,
+                               "tx-desc-num", MAX_LONG_OPT_SZ)) {
+                               ret = parse_num_opt(optarg, MAX_RING_DESC);
+                               if ((ret == -1) || (!POWEROF2(ret))) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_CONFIG,
+                                       "Invalid argument for tx-desc-num [0-N],"
+                                       "power of 2 required.\n");
+                                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                                       return -1;
+                               } else {
+                                       num_tx_descriptor = ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       break;
+
+                       /* Invalid option - print options. */
+               default:
+                       us_vhost_usage(prgname);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS; i++) {
+               if (enabled_port_mask & (1 << i))
+                       ports[num_ports++] = (uint8_t)i;
+       }
+
+       if ((num_ports ==  0) || (num_ports > MAX_SUP_PORTS)) {
+               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Current enabled port number is %u,"
+                       "but only %u port can be enabled\n",num_ports, MAX_SUP_PORTS);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       if ((zero_copy == 1) && (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_SOFTWARE)) {
+               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT,
+                       "Vhost zero copy doesn't support software vm2vm,"
+                       "please specify 'vm2vm 2' to use hardware vm2vm.\n");
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       if ((zero_copy == 1) && (vmdq_conf_default.rxmode.jumbo_frame == 1)) {
+               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT,
+                       "Vhost zero copy doesn't support jumbo frame,"
+                       "please specify '--mergeable 0' to disable the "
+                       "mergeable feature.\n");
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Update the global var NUM_PORTS and array PORTS according to system ports number
+ * and return valid ports number
+ */
+static unsigned check_ports_num(unsigned nb_ports)
+{
+       unsigned valid_num_ports = num_ports;
+       unsigned portid;
+
+       if (num_ports > nb_ports) {
+               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "\nSpecified port number(%u) exceeds total system port number(%u)\n",
+                       num_ports, nb_ports);
+               num_ports = nb_ports;
+       }
+
+       for (portid = 0; portid < num_ports; portid ++) {
+               if (ports[portid] >= nb_ports) {
+                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "\nSpecified port ID(%u) exceeds max system port ID(%u)\n",
+                               ports[portid], (nb_ports - 1));
+                       ports[portid] = INVALID_PORT_ID;
+                       valid_num_ports--;
+               }
+       }
+       return valid_num_ports;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Macro to print out packet contents. Wrapped in debug define so that the
+ * data path is not effected when debug is disabled.
+ */
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#define PRINT_PACKET(device, addr, size, header) do {                                                                                                                          \
+       char *pkt_addr = (char*)(addr);                                                                                                                                                                 \
+       unsigned int index;                                                                                                                                                                                             \
+       char packet[MAX_PRINT_BUFF];                                                                                                                                                                    \
+                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       \
+       if ((header))                                                                                                                                                                                                   \
+               snprintf(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF, "(%"PRIu64") Header size %d: ", (device->device_fh), (size));                          \
+       else                                                                                                                                                                                                                    \
+               snprintf(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF, "(%"PRIu64") Packet size %d: ", (device->device_fh), (size));                          \
+       for (index = 0; index < (size); index++) {                                                                                                                                              \
+               snprintf(packet + strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF), MAX_PRINT_BUFF - strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF),    \
+                       "%02hhx ", pkt_addr[index]);                                                                                                                                                    \
+       }                                                                                                                                                                                                                               \
+       snprintf(packet + strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF), MAX_PRINT_BUFF - strnlen(packet, MAX_PRINT_BUFF), "\n");     \
+                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       \
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "%s", packet);                                                                                                                                                                    \
+} while(0)
+#else
+#define PRINT_PACKET(device, addr, size, header) do{} while(0)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Function to convert guest physical addresses to vhost virtual addresses. This
+ * is used to convert virtio buffer addresses.
+ */
+static inline uint64_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+gpa_to_vva(struct virtio_net *dev, uint64_t guest_pa)
+{
+       struct virtio_memory_regions *region;
+       uint32_t regionidx;
+       uint64_t vhost_va = 0;
+
+       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
+               region = &dev->mem->regions[regionidx];
+               if ((guest_pa >= region->guest_phys_address) &&
+                       (guest_pa <= region->guest_phys_address_end)) {
+                       vhost_va = region->address_offset + guest_pa;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") GPA %p| VVA %p\n",
+               dev->device_fh, (void*)(uintptr_t)guest_pa, (void*)(uintptr_t)vhost_va);
+
+       return vhost_va;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function to convert guest physical addresses to vhost physical addresses.
+ * This is used to convert virtio buffer addresses.
+ */
+static inline uint64_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+gpa_to_hpa(struct virtio_net *dev, uint64_t guest_pa,
+       uint32_t buf_len, hpa_type *addr_type)
+{
+       struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa *region;
+       uint32_t regionidx;
+       uint64_t vhost_pa = 0;
+
+       *addr_type = PHYS_ADDR_INVALID;
+
+       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions_hpa; regionidx++) {
+               region = &dev->mem->regions_hpa[regionidx];
+               if ((guest_pa >= region->guest_phys_address) &&
+                       (guest_pa <= region->guest_phys_address_end)) {
+                       vhost_pa = region->host_phys_addr_offset + guest_pa;
+                       if (likely((guest_pa + buf_len - 1)
+                               <= region->guest_phys_address_end))
+                               *addr_type = PHYS_ADDR_CONTINUOUS;
+                       else
+                               *addr_type = PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") GPA %p| HPA %p\n",
+               dev->device_fh, (void *)(uintptr_t)guest_pa,
+               (void *)(uintptr_t)vhost_pa);
+
+       return vhost_pa;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function adds buffers to the virtio devices RX virtqueue. Buffers can
+ * be received from the physical port or from another virtio device. A packet
+ * count is returned to indicate the number of packets that were succesfully
+ * added to the RX queue. This function works when mergeable is disabled.
+ */
+static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_dev_rx(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf **pkts, uint32_t count)
+{
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       struct vring_desc *desc;
+       struct rte_mbuf *buff;
+       /* The virtio_hdr is initialised to 0. */
+       struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf virtio_hdr = {{0,0,0,0,0,0},0};
+       uint64_t buff_addr = 0;
+       uint64_t buff_hdr_addr = 0;
+       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST], packet_len = 0;
+       uint32_t head_idx, packet_success = 0;
+       uint32_t retry = 0;
+       uint16_t avail_idx, res_cur_idx;
+       uint16_t res_base_idx, res_end_idx;
+       uint16_t free_entries;
+       uint8_t success = 0;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_rx()\n", dev->device_fh);
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
+       count = (count > MAX_PKT_BURST) ? MAX_PKT_BURST : count;
+
+       /* As many data cores may want access to available buffers, they need to be reserved. */
+       do {
+               res_base_idx = vq->last_used_idx_res;
+               avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+
+               free_entries = (avail_idx - res_base_idx);
+               /* If retry is enabled and the queue is full then we wait and retry to avoid packet loss. */
+               if (enable_retry && unlikely(count > free_entries)) {
+                       for (retry = 0; retry < burst_rx_retry_num; retry++) {
+                               rte_delay_us(burst_rx_delay_time);
+                               avail_idx =
+                                       *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+                               free_entries = (avail_idx - res_base_idx);
+                               if (count <= free_entries)
+                                       break;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /*check that we have enough buffers*/
+               if (unlikely(count > free_entries))
+                       count = free_entries;
+
+               if (count == 0)
+                       return 0;
+
+               res_end_idx = res_base_idx + count;
+               /* vq->last_used_idx_res is atomically updated. */
+               success = rte_atomic16_cmpset(&vq->last_used_idx_res, res_base_idx,
+                                                                       res_end_idx);
+       } while (unlikely(success == 0));
+       res_cur_idx = res_base_idx;
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Current Index %d| End Index %d\n", dev->device_fh, res_cur_idx, res_end_idx);
+
+       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve indexes. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
+
+       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
+       for (head_idx = 0; head_idx < count; head_idx++)
+               head[head_idx] = vq->avail->ring[(res_cur_idx + head_idx) & (vq->size - 1)];
+
+       /*Prefetch descriptor index. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
+
+       while (res_cur_idx != res_end_idx) {
+               /* Get descriptor from available ring */
+               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
+
+               buff = pkts[packet_success];
+
+               /* Convert from gpa to vva (guest physical addr -> vhost virtual addr) */
+               buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
+               rte_prefetch0((void*)(uintptr_t)buff_addr);
+
+               /* Copy virtio_hdr to packet and increment buffer address */
+               buff_hdr_addr = buff_addr;
+               packet_len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff) + vq->vhost_hlen;
+
+               /*
+                * If the descriptors are chained the header and data are
+                * placed in separate buffers.
+                */
+               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
+                       desc->len = vq->vhost_hlen;
+                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
+                       /* Buffer address translation. */
+                       buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+                       desc->len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff);
+               } else {
+                       buff_addr += vq->vhost_hlen;
+                       desc->len = packet_len;
+               }
+
+               /* Update used ring with desc information */
+               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id = head[packet_success];
+               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len = packet_len;
+
+               /* Copy mbuf data to buffer */
+               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_addr,
+                       rte_pktmbuf_mtod(buff, const void *),
+                       rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff));
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_addr,
+                       rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff), 0);
+
+               res_cur_idx++;
+               packet_success++;
+
+               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr,
+                       (const void *)&virtio_hdr, vq->vhost_hlen);
+
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr, vq->vhost_hlen, 1);
+
+               if (res_cur_idx < res_end_idx) {
+                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
+               }
+       }
+
+       rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+       /* Wait until it's our turn to add our buffer to the used ring. */
+       while (unlikely(vq->last_used_idx != res_base_idx))
+               rte_pause();
+
+       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += count;
+       vq->last_used_idx = res_end_idx;
+
+       /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
+       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
+               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
+       return count;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+copy_from_mbuf_to_vring(struct virtio_net *dev,
+       uint16_t res_base_idx, uint16_t res_end_idx,
+       struct rte_mbuf *pkt)
+{
+       uint32_t vec_idx = 0;
+       uint32_t entry_success = 0;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       /* The virtio_hdr is initialised to 0. */
+       struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf virtio_hdr = {
+               {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, 0};
+       uint16_t cur_idx = res_base_idx;
+       uint64_t vb_addr = 0;
+       uint64_t vb_hdr_addr = 0;
+       uint32_t seg_offset = 0;
+       uint32_t vb_offset = 0;
+       uint32_t seg_avail;
+       uint32_t vb_avail;
+       uint32_t cpy_len, entry_len;
+
+       if (pkt == NULL)
+               return 0;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Current Index %d| "
+               "End Index %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, cur_idx, res_end_idx);
+
+       /*
+        * Convert from gpa to vva
+        * (guest physical addr -> vhost virtual addr)
+        */
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
+       vb_addr =
+               gpa_to_vva(dev, vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
+       vb_hdr_addr = vb_addr;
+
+       /* Prefetch buffer address. */
+       rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
+
+       virtio_hdr.num_buffers = res_end_idx - res_base_idx;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") RX: Num merge buffers %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, virtio_hdr.num_buffers);
+
+       rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_hdr_addr,
+               (const void *)&virtio_hdr, vq->vhost_hlen);
+
+       PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)vb_hdr_addr, vq->vhost_hlen, 1);
+
+       seg_avail = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(pkt);
+       vb_offset = vq->vhost_hlen;
+       vb_avail =
+               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len - vq->vhost_hlen;
+
+       entry_len = vq->vhost_hlen;
+
+       if (vb_avail == 0) {
+               uint32_t desc_idx =
+                       vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
+               vq->desc[desc_idx].len = vq->vhost_hlen;
+
+               if ((vq->desc[desc_idx].flags
+                       & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) == 0) {
+                       /* Update used ring with desc information */
+                       vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
+                               = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
+                       vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
+                               = entry_len;
+
+                       entry_len = 0;
+                       cur_idx++;
+                       entry_success++;
+               }
+
+               vec_idx++;
+               vb_addr =
+                       gpa_to_vva(dev, vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
+
+               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
+               rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
+               vb_offset = 0;
+               vb_avail = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len;
+       }
+
+       cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
+
+       while (cpy_len > 0) {
+               /* Copy mbuf data to vring buffer */
+               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)(vb_addr + vb_offset),
+                       (const void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(pkt, char*) + seg_offset),
+                       cpy_len);
+
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev,
+                       (uintptr_t)(vb_addr + vb_offset),
+                       cpy_len, 0);
+
+               seg_offset += cpy_len;
+               vb_offset += cpy_len;
+               seg_avail -= cpy_len;
+               vb_avail -= cpy_len;
+               entry_len += cpy_len;
+
+               if (seg_avail != 0) {
+                       /*
+                        * The virtio buffer in this vring
+                        * entry reach to its end.
+                        * But the segment doesn't complete.
+                        */
+                       if ((vq->desc[vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx].flags &
+                               VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) == 0) {
+                               /* Update used ring with desc information */
+                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
+                                       = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
+                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
+                                       = entry_len;
+                               entry_len = 0;
+                               cur_idx++;
+                               entry_success++;
+                       }
+
+                       vec_idx++;
+                       vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev,
+                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
+                       vb_offset = 0;
+                       vb_avail = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len;
+                       cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * This current segment complete, need continue to
+                        * check if the whole packet complete or not.
+                        */
+                       pkt = pkt->next;
+                       if (pkt != NULL) {
+                               /*
+                                * There are more segments.
+                                */
+                               if (vb_avail == 0) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * This current buffer from vring is
+                                        * used up, need fetch next buffer
+                                        * from buf_vec.
+                                        */
+                                       uint32_t desc_idx =
+                                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
+                                       vq->desc[desc_idx].len = vb_offset;
+
+                                       if ((vq->desc[desc_idx].flags &
+                                               VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) == 0) {
+                                               uint16_t wrapped_idx =
+                                                       cur_idx & (vq->size - 1);
+                                               /*
+                                                * Update used ring with the
+                                                * descriptor information
+                                                */
+                                               vq->used->ring[wrapped_idx].id
+                                                       = desc_idx;
+                                               vq->used->ring[wrapped_idx].len
+                                                       = entry_len;
+                                               entry_success++;
+                                               entry_len = 0;
+                                               cur_idx++;
+                                       }
+
+                                       /* Get next buffer from buf_vec. */
+                                       vec_idx++;
+                                       vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev,
+                                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr);
+                                       vb_avail =
+                                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len;
+                                       vb_offset = 0;
+                               }
+
+                               seg_offset = 0;
+                               seg_avail = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(pkt);
+                               cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
+                       } else {
+                               /*
+                                * This whole packet completes.
+                                */
+                               uint32_t desc_idx =
+                                       vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
+                               vq->desc[desc_idx].len = vb_offset;
+
+                               while (vq->desc[desc_idx].flags &
+                                       VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
+                                       desc_idx = vq->desc[desc_idx].next;
+                                        vq->desc[desc_idx].len = 0;
+                               }
+
+                               /* Update used ring with desc information */
+                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
+                                       = vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx;
+                               vq->used->ring[cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
+                                       = entry_len;
+                               entry_len = 0;
+                               cur_idx++;
+                               entry_success++;
+                               seg_avail = 0;
+                               cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       return entry_success;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function adds buffers to the virtio devices RX virtqueue. Buffers can
+ * be received from the physical port or from another virtio device. A packet
+ * count is returned to indicate the number of packets that were succesfully
+ * added to the RX queue. This function works for mergeable RX.
+ */
+static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_dev_merge_rx(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf **pkts,
+       uint32_t count)
+{
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       uint32_t pkt_idx = 0, entry_success = 0;
+       uint32_t retry = 0;
+       uint16_t avail_idx, res_cur_idx;
+       uint16_t res_base_idx, res_end_idx;
+       uint8_t success = 0;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_merge_rx()\n",
+               dev->device_fh);
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
+       count = RTE_MIN((uint32_t)MAX_PKT_BURST, count);
+
+       if (count == 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       for (pkt_idx = 0; pkt_idx < count; pkt_idx++) {
+               uint32_t secure_len = 0;
+               uint16_t need_cnt;
+               uint32_t vec_idx = 0;
+               uint32_t pkt_len = pkts[pkt_idx]->pkt_len + vq->vhost_hlen;
+               uint16_t i, id;
+
+               do {
+                       /*
+                        * As many data cores may want access to available
+                        * buffers, they need to be reserved.
+                        */
+                       res_base_idx = vq->last_used_idx_res;
+                       res_cur_idx = res_base_idx;
+
+                       do {
+                               avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+                               if (unlikely(res_cur_idx == avail_idx)) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * If retry is enabled and the queue is
+                                        * full then we wait and retry to avoid
+                                        * packet loss.
+                                        */
+                                       if (enable_retry) {
+                                               uint8_t cont = 0;
+                                               for (retry = 0; retry < burst_rx_retry_num; retry++) {
+                                                       rte_delay_us(burst_rx_delay_time);
+                                                       avail_idx =
+                                                               *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+                                                       if (likely(res_cur_idx != avail_idx)) {
+                                                               cont = 1;
+                                                               break;
+                                                       }
+                                               }
+                                               if (cont == 1)
+                                                       continue;
+                                       }
+
+                                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                                               "(%"PRIu64") Failed "
+                                               "to get enough desc from "
+                                               "vring\n",
+                                               dev->device_fh);
+                                       return pkt_idx;
+                               } else {
+                                       uint16_t wrapped_idx =
+                                               (res_cur_idx) & (vq->size - 1);
+                                       uint32_t idx =
+                                               vq->avail->ring[wrapped_idx];
+                                       uint8_t next_desc;
+
+                                       do {
+                                               next_desc = 0;
+                                               secure_len += vq->desc[idx].len;
+                                               if (vq->desc[idx].flags &
+                                                       VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
+                                                       idx = vq->desc[idx].next;
+                                                       next_desc = 1;
+                                               }
+                                       } while (next_desc);
+
+                                       res_cur_idx++;
+                               }
+                       } while (pkt_len > secure_len);
+
+                       /* vq->last_used_idx_res is atomically updated. */
+                       success = rte_atomic16_cmpset(&vq->last_used_idx_res,
+                                                       res_base_idx,
+                                                       res_cur_idx);
+               } while (success == 0);
+
+               id = res_base_idx;
+               need_cnt = res_cur_idx - res_base_idx;
+
+               for (i = 0; i < need_cnt; i++, id++) {
+                       uint16_t wrapped_idx = id & (vq->size - 1);
+                       uint32_t idx = vq->avail->ring[wrapped_idx];
+                       uint8_t next_desc;
+                       do {
+                               next_desc = 0;
+                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_addr =
+                                       vq->desc[idx].addr;
+                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].buf_len =
+                                       vq->desc[idx].len;
+                               vq->buf_vec[vec_idx].desc_idx = idx;
+                               vec_idx++;
+
+                               if (vq->desc[idx].flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
+                                       idx = vq->desc[idx].next;
+                                       next_desc = 1;
+                               }
+                       } while (next_desc);
+               }
+
+               res_end_idx = res_cur_idx;
+
+               entry_success = copy_from_mbuf_to_vring(dev, res_base_idx,
+                       res_end_idx, pkts[pkt_idx]);
+
+               rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+               /*
+                * Wait until it's our turn to add our buffer
+                * to the used ring.
+                */
+               while (unlikely(vq->last_used_idx != res_base_idx))
+                       rte_pause();
+
+               *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += entry_success;
+               vq->last_used_idx = res_end_idx;
+
+               /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
+               if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
+                       eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
+       }
+
+       return count;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compares a packet destination MAC address to a device MAC address.
+ */
+static inline int __attribute__((always_inline))
+ether_addr_cmp(struct ether_addr *ea, struct ether_addr *eb)
+{
+       return (((*(uint64_t *)ea ^ *(uint64_t *)eb) & MAC_ADDR_CMP) == 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function learns the MAC address of the device and registers this along with a
+ * vlan tag to a VMDQ.
+ */
+static int
+link_vmdq(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf *m)
+{
+       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr;
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
+       int i, ret;
+
+       /* Learn MAC address of guest device from packet */
+       pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
+
+       dev_ll = ll_root_used;
+
+       while (dev_ll != NULL) {
+               if (ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->s_addr), &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
+                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") WARNING: This device is using an existing MAC address and has not been registered.\n", dev->device_fh);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ETHER_ADDR_LEN; i++)
+               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[i] = pkt_hdr->s_addr.addr_bytes[i];
+
+       /* vlan_tag currently uses the device_id. */
+       dev->vlan_tag = vlan_tags[dev->device_fh];
+
+       /* Print out VMDQ registration info. */
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") MAC_ADDRESS %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x and VLAN_TAG %d registered\n",
+               dev->device_fh,
+               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[0], dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[1],
+               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[2], dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[3],
+               dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[4], dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[5],
+               dev->vlan_tag);
+
+       /* Register the MAC address. */
+       ret = rte_eth_dev_mac_addr_add(ports[0], &dev->mac_address, (uint32_t)dev->device_fh);
+       if (ret)
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to add device MAC address to VMDQ\n",
+                                       dev->device_fh);
+
+       /* Enable stripping of the vlan tag as we handle routing. */
+       rte_eth_dev_set_vlan_strip_on_queue(ports[0], (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, 1);
+
+       /* Set device as ready for RX. */
+       dev->ready = DEVICE_RX;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Removes MAC address and vlan tag from VMDQ. Ensures that nothing is adding buffers to the RX
+ * queue before disabling RX on the device.
+ */
+static inline void
+unlink_vmdq(struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       unsigned i = 0;
+       unsigned rx_count;
+       struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
+
+       if (dev->ready == DEVICE_RX) {
+               /*clear MAC and VLAN settings*/
+               rte_eth_dev_mac_addr_remove(ports[0], &dev->mac_address);
+               for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
+                       dev->mac_address.addr_bytes[i] = 0;
+
+               dev->vlan_tag = 0;
+
+               /*Clear out the receive buffers*/
+               rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
+                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst, MAX_PKT_BURST);
+
+               while (rx_count) {
+                       for (i = 0; i < rx_count; i++)
+                               rte_pktmbuf_free(pkts_burst[i]);
+
+                       rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
+                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst, MAX_PKT_BURST);
+               }
+
+               dev->ready = DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check if the packet destination MAC address is for a local device. If so then put
+ * the packet on that devices RX queue. If not then return.
+ */
+static inline unsigned __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_tx_local(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf *m)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
+       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr;
+       uint64_t ret = 0;
+
+       pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
+
+       /*get the used devices list*/
+       dev_ll = ll_root_used;
+
+       while (dev_ll != NULL) {
+               if ((dev_ll->dev->ready == DEVICE_RX) && ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->d_addr),
+                                         &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
+
+                       /* Drop the packet if the TX packet is destined for the TX device. */
+                       if (dev_ll->dev->device_fh == dev->device_fh) {
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") TX: Source and destination MAC addresses are the same. Dropping packet.\n",
+                                                       dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+
+
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") TX: MAC address is local\n", dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
+
+                       if (dev_ll->dev->remove) {
+                               /*drop the packet if the device is marked for removal*/
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Device is marked for removal\n", dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
+                       } else {
+                               uint32_t mergeable =
+                                       dev_ll->dev->features &
+                                       (1 << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
+
+                               /*send the packet to the local virtio device*/
+                               if (likely(mergeable == 0))
+                                       ret = virtio_dev_rx(dev_ll->dev, &m, 1);
+                               else
+                                       ret = virtio_dev_merge_rx(dev_ll->dev,
+                                               &m, 1);
+
+                               if (enable_stats) {
+                                       rte_atomic64_add(
+                                       &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_total_atomic,
+                                       1);
+                                       rte_atomic64_add(
+                                       &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_atomic,
+                                       ret);
+                                       dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx_total++;
+                                       dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx += ret;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+       }
+
+       return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function routes the TX packet to the correct interface. This may be a local device
+ * or the physical port.
+ */
+static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_tx_route(struct virtio_net* dev, struct rte_mbuf *m, struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool, uint16_t vlan_tag)
+{
+       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
+       struct vlan_ethhdr *vlan_hdr;
+       struct rte_mbuf **m_table;
+       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf, *prev;
+       unsigned len, ret, offset = 0;
+       const uint16_t lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll = ll_root_used;
+       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
+
+       /*check if destination is local VM*/
+       if ((vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_SOFTWARE) && (virtio_tx_local(dev, m) == 0))
+               return;
+
+       if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
+               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
+                       if ((dev_ll->dev->ready == DEVICE_RX)
+                               && ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->d_addr),
+                               &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
+                               /*
+                                * Drop the packet if the TX packet is
+                                * destined for the TX device.
+                                */
+                               if (dev_ll->dev->device_fh == dev->device_fh) {
+                                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                                       "(%"PRIu64") TX: Source and destination"
+                                       " MAC addresses are the same. Dropping "
+                                       "packet.\n",
+                                       dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                               offset = 4;
+                               vlan_tag =
+                               (uint16_t)
+                               vlan_tags[(uint16_t)dev_ll->dev->device_fh];
+
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") TX: pkt to local VM device id:"
+                               "(%"PRIu64") vlan tag: %d.\n",
+                               dev->device_fh, dev_ll->dev->device_fh,
+                               vlan_tag);
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") TX: MAC address is external\n", dev->device_fh);
+
+       /*Add packet to the port tx queue*/
+       tx_q = &lcore_tx_queue[lcore_id];
+       len = tx_q->len;
+
+       /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
+       mbuf = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
+       if (unlikely(mbuf == NULL)) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
+                       "Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       mbuf->data_len = m->data_len + VLAN_HLEN + offset;
+       mbuf->pkt_len = m->pkt_len + VLAN_HLEN + offset;
+       mbuf->nb_segs = m->nb_segs;
+
+       /* Copy ethernet header to mbuf. */
+       rte_memcpy(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, void *),
+               rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, const void *),
+               ETH_HLEN);
+
+
+       /* Setup vlan header. Bytes need to be re-ordered for network with htons()*/
+       vlan_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, struct vlan_ethhdr *);
+       vlan_hdr->h_vlan_encapsulated_proto = vlan_hdr->h_vlan_proto;
+       vlan_hdr->h_vlan_proto = htons(ETH_P_8021Q);
+       vlan_hdr->h_vlan_TCI = htons(vlan_tag);
+
+       /* Copy the remaining packet contents to the mbuf. */
+       rte_memcpy((void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, uint8_t *) + VLAN_ETH_HLEN),
+               (const void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, uint8_t *) + ETH_HLEN),
+               (m->data_len - ETH_HLEN));
+
+       /* Copy the remaining segments for the whole packet. */
+       prev = mbuf;
+       while (m->next) {
+               /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
+               struct rte_mbuf *next_mbuf = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
+               if (unlikely(next_mbuf == NULL)) {
+                       rte_pktmbuf_free(mbuf);
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
+                               "Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               m = m->next;
+               prev->next = next_mbuf;
+               prev = next_mbuf;
+               next_mbuf->data_len = m->data_len;
+
+               /* Copy data to next mbuf. */
+               rte_memcpy(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(next_mbuf, void *),
+                       rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, const void *), m->data_len);
+       }
+
+       tx_q->m_table[len] = mbuf;
+       len++;
+       if (enable_stats) {
+               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx_total++;
+               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx++;
+       }
+
+       if (unlikely(len == MAX_PKT_BURST)) {
+               m_table = (struct rte_mbuf **)tx_q->m_table;
+               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(ports[0], (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id, m_table, (uint16_t) len);
+               /* Free any buffers not handled by TX and update the port stats. */
+               if (unlikely(ret < len)) {
+                       do {
+                               rte_pktmbuf_free(m_table[ret]);
+                       } while (++ret < len);
+               }
+
+               len = 0;
+       }
+
+       tx_q->len = len;
+       return;
+}
+
+static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_dev_tx(struct virtio_net* dev, struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool)
+{
+       struct rte_mbuf m;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       struct vring_desc *desc;
+       uint64_t buff_addr = 0;
+       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST];
+       uint32_t used_idx;
+       uint32_t i;
+       uint16_t free_entries, packet_success = 0;
+       uint16_t avail_idx;
+
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
+       avail_idx =  *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+
+       /* If there are no available buffers then return. */
+       if (vq->last_used_idx == avail_idx)
+               return;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_tx()\n", dev->device_fh);
+
+       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve head indexes. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
+
+       /*get the number of free entries in the ring*/
+       free_entries = (avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx);
+
+       /* Limit to MAX_PKT_BURST. */
+       if (free_entries > MAX_PKT_BURST)
+               free_entries = MAX_PKT_BURST;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Buffers available %d\n", dev->device_fh, free_entries);
+       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
+       for (i = 0; i < free_entries; i++)
+               head[i] = vq->avail->ring[(vq->last_used_idx + i) & (vq->size - 1)];
+
+       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
+
+       while (packet_success < free_entries) {
+               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
+
+               /* Discard first buffer as it is the virtio header */
+               desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
+
+               /* Buffer address translation. */
+               buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
+               rte_prefetch0((void*)(uintptr_t)buff_addr);
+
+               used_idx = vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1);
+
+               if (packet_success < (free_entries - 1)) {
+                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success+1]]);
+                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[(used_idx + 1) & (vq->size - 1)]);
+               }
+
+               /* Update used index buffer information. */
+               vq->used->ring[used_idx].id = head[packet_success];
+               vq->used->ring[used_idx].len = 0;
+
+               /* Setup dummy mbuf. This is copied to a real mbuf if transmitted out the physical port. */
+               m.data_len = desc->len;
+               m.pkt_len = desc->len;
+               m.data_off = 0;
+
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_addr, desc->len, 0);
+
+               /* If this is the first received packet we need to learn the MAC and setup VMDQ */
+               if (dev->ready == DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING) {
+                       if (dev->remove || (link_vmdq(dev, &m) == -1)) {
+                               /*discard frame if device is scheduled for removal or a duplicate MAC address is found. */
+                               packet_success += free_entries;
+                               vq->last_used_idx += packet_success;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+               virtio_tx_route(dev, &m, mbuf_pool, (uint16_t)dev->device_fh);
+
+               vq->last_used_idx++;
+               packet_success++;
+       }
+
+       rte_compiler_barrier();
+       vq->used->idx += packet_success;
+       /* Kick guest if required. */
+       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
+               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
+}
+
+/* This function works for TX packets with mergeable feature enabled. */
+static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_dev_merge_tx(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool)
+{
+       struct rte_mbuf *m, *prev;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       struct vring_desc *desc;
+       uint64_t vb_addr = 0;
+       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST];
+       uint32_t used_idx;
+       uint32_t i;
+       uint16_t free_entries, entry_success = 0;
+       uint16_t avail_idx;
+       uint32_t buf_size = MBUF_SIZE - (sizeof(struct rte_mbuf)
+                       + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM);
+
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
+       avail_idx =  *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+
+       /* If there are no available buffers then return. */
+       if (vq->last_used_idx == avail_idx)
+               return;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_merge_tx()\n",
+               dev->device_fh);
+
+       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve head indexes. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
+
+       /*get the number of free entries in the ring*/
+       free_entries = (avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx);
+
+       /* Limit to MAX_PKT_BURST. */
+       free_entries = RTE_MIN(free_entries, MAX_PKT_BURST);
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Buffers available %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, free_entries);
+       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
+       for (i = 0; i < free_entries; i++)
+               head[i] = vq->avail->ring[(vq->last_used_idx + i) & (vq->size - 1)];
+
+       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[entry_success]]);
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
+
+       while (entry_success < free_entries) {
+               uint32_t vb_avail, vb_offset;
+               uint32_t seg_avail, seg_offset;
+               uint32_t cpy_len;
+               uint32_t seg_num = 0;
+               struct rte_mbuf *cur;
+               uint8_t alloc_err = 0;
+
+               desc = &vq->desc[head[entry_success]];
+
+               /* Discard first buffer as it is the virtio header */
+               desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
+
+               /* Buffer address translation. */
+               vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
+               rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
+
+               used_idx = vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1);
+
+               if (entry_success < (free_entries - 1)) {
+                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[entry_success+1]]);
+                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[(used_idx + 1) & (vq->size - 1)]);
+               }
+
+               /* Update used index buffer information. */
+               vq->used->ring[used_idx].id = head[entry_success];
+               vq->used->ring[used_idx].len = 0;
+
+               vb_offset = 0;
+               vb_avail = desc->len;
+               seg_offset = 0;
+               seg_avail = buf_size;
+               cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
+
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)vb_addr, desc->len, 0);
+
+               /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
+               m = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
+               if (unlikely(m == NULL)) {
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
+                               "Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               seg_num++;
+               cur = m;
+               prev = m;
+               while (cpy_len != 0) {
+                       rte_memcpy((void *)(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(cur, char *) + seg_offset),
+                               (void *)((uintptr_t)(vb_addr + vb_offset)),
+                               cpy_len);
+
+                       seg_offset += cpy_len;
+                       vb_offset += cpy_len;
+                       vb_avail -= cpy_len;
+                       seg_avail -= cpy_len;
+
+                       if (vb_avail != 0) {
+                               /*
+                                * The segment reachs to its end,
+                                * while the virtio buffer in TX vring has
+                                * more data to be copied.
+                                */
+                               cur->data_len = seg_offset;
+                               m->pkt_len += seg_offset;
+                               /* Allocate mbuf and populate the structure. */
+                               cur = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
+                               if (unlikely(cur == NULL)) {
+                                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "Failed to "
+                                               "allocate memory for mbuf.\n");
+                                       rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
+                                       alloc_err = 1;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+
+                               seg_num++;
+                               prev->next = cur;
+                               prev = cur;
+                               seg_offset = 0;
+                               seg_avail = buf_size;
+                       } else {
+                               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * There are more virtio buffers in
+                                        * same vring entry need to be copied.
+                                        */
+                                       if (seg_avail == 0) {
+                                               /*
+                                                * The current segment hasn't
+                                                * room to accomodate more
+                                                * data.
+                                                */
+                                               cur->data_len = seg_offset;
+                                               m->pkt_len += seg_offset;
+                                               /*
+                                                * Allocate an mbuf and
+                                                * populate the structure.
+                                                */
+                                               cur = rte_pktmbuf_alloc(mbuf_pool);
+                                               if (unlikely(cur == NULL)) {
+                                                       RTE_LOG(ERR,
+                                                               VHOST_DATA,
+                                                               "Failed to "
+                                                               "allocate memory "
+                                                               "for mbuf\n");
+                                                       rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
+                                                       alloc_err = 1;
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                                               seg_num++;
+                                               prev->next = cur;
+                                               prev = cur;
+                                               seg_offset = 0;
+                                               seg_avail = buf_size;
+                                       }
+
+                                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
+
+                                       /* Buffer address translation. */
+                                       vb_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+                                       /* Prefetch buffer address. */
+                                       rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)vb_addr);
+                                       vb_offset = 0;
+                                       vb_avail = desc->len;
+
+                                       PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)vb_addr,
+                                               desc->len, 0);
+                               } else {
+                                       /* The whole packet completes. */
+                                       cur->data_len = seg_offset;
+                                       m->pkt_len += seg_offset;
+                                       vb_avail = 0;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       cpy_len = RTE_MIN(vb_avail, seg_avail);
+               }
+
+               if (unlikely(alloc_err == 1))
+                       break;
+
+               m->nb_segs = seg_num;
+
+               /*
+                * If this is the first received packet we need to learn
+                * the MAC and setup VMDQ
+                */
+               if (dev->ready == DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING) {
+                       if (dev->remove || (link_vmdq(dev, m) == -1)) {
+                               /*
+                                * Discard frame if device is scheduled for
+                                * removal or a duplicate MAC address is found.
+                                */
+                               entry_success = free_entries;
+                               vq->last_used_idx += entry_success;
+                               rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               virtio_tx_route(dev, m, mbuf_pool, (uint16_t)dev->device_fh);
+               vq->last_used_idx++;
+               entry_success++;
+               rte_pktmbuf_free(m);
+       }
+
+       rte_compiler_barrier();
+       vq->used->idx += entry_success;
+       /* Kick guest if required. */
+       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
+               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function is called by each data core. It handles all RX/TX registered with the
+ * core. For TX the specific lcore linked list is used. For RX, MAC addresses are compared
+ * with all devices in the main linked list.
+ */
+static int
+switch_worker(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg)
+{
+       struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool = arg;
+       struct virtio_net *dev = NULL;
+       struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
+       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
+       volatile struct lcore_ll_info *lcore_ll;
+       const uint64_t drain_tsc = (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) / US_PER_S * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;
+       uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc, ret_count = 0;
+       unsigned ret, i;
+       const uint16_t lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
+       const uint16_t num_cores = (uint16_t)rte_lcore_count();
+       uint16_t rx_count = 0;
+       uint32_t mergeable = 0;
+
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "Procesing on Core %u started\n", lcore_id);
+       lcore_ll = lcore_info[lcore_id].lcore_ll;
+       prev_tsc = 0;
+
+       tx_q = &lcore_tx_queue[lcore_id];
+       for (i = 0; i < num_cores; i ++) {
+               if (lcore_ids[i] == lcore_id) {
+                       tx_q->txq_id = i;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       while(1) {
+               cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
+               /*
+                * TX burst queue drain
+                */
+               diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
+               if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
+
+                       if (tx_q->len) {
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "TX queue drained after timeout with burst size %u \n", tx_q->len);
+
+                               /*Tx any packets in the queue*/
+                               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(ports[0], (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id,
+                                                                          (struct rte_mbuf **)tx_q->m_table,
+                                                                          (uint16_t)tx_q->len);
+                               if (unlikely(ret < tx_q->len)) {
+                                       do {
+                                               rte_pktmbuf_free(tx_q->m_table[ret]);
+                                       } while (++ret < tx_q->len);
+                               }
+
+                               tx_q->len = 0;
+                       }
+
+                       prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
+
+               }
+
+               rte_prefetch0(lcore_ll->ll_root_used);
+               /*
+                * Inform the configuration core that we have exited the linked list and that no devices are
+                * in use if requested.
+                */
+               if (lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag == REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL)
+                       lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = ACK_DEV_REMOVAL;
+
+               /*
+                * Process devices
+                */
+               dev_ll = lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
+
+               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
+                       /*get virtio device ID*/
+                       dev = dev_ll->dev;
+                       mergeable =
+                               dev->features & (1 << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
+
+                       if (dev->remove) {
+                               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+                               unlink_vmdq(dev);
+                               dev->ready = DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE;
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       if (likely(dev->ready == DEVICE_RX)) {
+                               /*Handle guest RX*/
+                               rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
+                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst, MAX_PKT_BURST);
+
+                               if (rx_count) {
+                                       if (likely(mergeable == 0))
+                                               ret_count =
+                                                       virtio_dev_rx(dev,
+                                                       pkts_burst, rx_count);
+                                       else
+                                               ret_count =
+                                                       virtio_dev_merge_rx(dev,
+                                                       pkts_burst, rx_count);
+
+                                       if (enable_stats) {
+                                               rte_atomic64_add(
+                                               &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_total_atomic,
+                                               rx_count);
+                                               rte_atomic64_add(
+                                               &dev_statistics[dev_ll->dev->device_fh].rx_atomic, ret_count);
+                                       }
+                                       while (likely(rx_count)) {
+                                               rx_count--;
+                                               rte_pktmbuf_free(pkts_burst[rx_count]);
+                                       }
+
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (!dev->remove) {
+                               /*Handle guest TX*/
+                               if (likely(mergeable == 0))
+                                       virtio_dev_tx(dev, mbuf_pool);
+                               else
+                                       virtio_dev_merge_tx(dev, mbuf_pool);
+                       }
+
+                       /*move to the next device in the list*/
+                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function gets available ring number for zero copy rx.
+ * Only one thread will call this funciton for a paticular virtio device,
+ * so, it is designed as non-thread-safe function.
+ */
+static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+get_available_ring_num_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
+       uint16_t avail_idx;
+
+       avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+       return (uint32_t)(avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx_res);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function gets available ring index for zero copy rx,
+ * it will retry 'burst_rx_retry_num' times till it get enough ring index.
+ * Only one thread will call this funciton for a paticular virtio device,
+ * so, it is designed as non-thread-safe function.
+ */
+static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+get_available_ring_index_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev,
+       uint16_t *res_base_idx, uint32_t count)
+{
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
+       uint16_t avail_idx;
+       uint32_t retry = 0;
+       uint16_t free_entries;
+
+       *res_base_idx = vq->last_used_idx_res;
+       avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+       free_entries = (avail_idx - *res_base_idx);
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") in get_available_ring_index_zcp: "
+                       "avail idx: %d, "
+                       "res base idx:%d, free entries:%d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, avail_idx, *res_base_idx,
+                       free_entries);
+
+       /*
+        * If retry is enabled and the queue is full then we wait
+        * and retry to avoid packet loss.
+        */
+       if (enable_retry && unlikely(count > free_entries)) {
+               for (retry = 0; retry < burst_rx_retry_num; retry++) {
+                       rte_delay_us(burst_rx_delay_time);
+                       avail_idx = *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+                       free_entries = (avail_idx - *res_base_idx);
+                       if (count <= free_entries)
+                               break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*check that we have enough buffers*/
+       if (unlikely(count > free_entries))
+               count = free_entries;
+
+       if (unlikely(count == 0)) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") Fail in get_available_ring_index_zcp: "
+                       "avail idx: %d, res base idx:%d, free entries:%d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, avail_idx,
+                       *res_base_idx, free_entries);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       vq->last_used_idx_res = *res_base_idx + count;
+
+       return count;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function put descriptor back to used list.
+ */
+static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
+put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq, uint16_t desc_idx)
+{
+       uint16_t res_cur_idx = vq->last_used_idx;
+       vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
+       vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len = 0;
+       rte_compiler_barrier();
+       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += 1;
+       vq->last_used_idx += 1;
+
+       /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
+       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
+               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function get available descriptor from vitio vring and un-attached mbuf
+ * from vpool->ring, and then attach them together. It needs adjust the offset
+ * for buff_addr and phys_addr accroding to PMD implementation, otherwise the
+ * frame data may be put to wrong location in mbuf.
+ */
+static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
+attach_rxmbuf_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       uint16_t res_base_idx, desc_idx;
+       uint64_t buff_addr, phys_addr;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       struct vring_desc *desc;
+       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf = NULL;
+       struct vpool *vpool;
+       hpa_type addr_type;
+
+       vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
+
+       do {
+               if (unlikely(get_available_ring_index_zcp(dev, &res_base_idx,
+                               1) != 1))
+                       return;
+               desc_idx = vq->avail->ring[(res_base_idx) & (vq->size - 1)];
+
+               desc = &vq->desc[desc_idx];
+               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
+                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
+                       buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+                       phys_addr = gpa_to_hpa(dev, desc->addr, desc->len,
+                                       &addr_type);
+               } else {
+                       buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev,
+                                       desc->addr + vq->vhost_hlen);
+                       phys_addr = gpa_to_hpa(dev,
+                                       desc->addr + vq->vhost_hlen,
+                                       desc->len, &addr_type);
+               }
+
+               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_INVALID)) {
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Invalid frame buffer"
+                               " address found when attaching RX frame buffer"
+                               " address!\n", dev->device_fh);
+                       put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Check if the frame buffer address from guest crosses
+                * sub-region or not.
+                */
+               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG)) {
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") Frame buffer address cross "
+                               "sub-regioin found when attaching RX frame "
+                               "buffer address!\n",
+                               dev->device_fh);
+                       put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
+                       continue;
+               }
+       } while (unlikely(phys_addr == 0));
+
+       rte_ring_sc_dequeue(vpool->ring, (void **)&mbuf);
+       if (unlikely(mbuf == NULL)) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") in attach_rxmbuf_zcp: "
+                       "ring_sc_dequeue fail.\n",
+                       dev->device_fh);
+               put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (unlikely(vpool->buf_size > desc->len)) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") in attach_rxmbuf_zcp: frame buffer "
+                       "length(%d) of descriptor idx: %d less than room "
+                       "size required: %d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, desc->len, desc_idx, vpool->buf_size);
+               put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
+               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool->ring, (void *)mbuf);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       mbuf->buf_addr = (void *)(uintptr_t)(buff_addr - RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM);
+       mbuf->data_off = RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
+       mbuf->buf_physaddr = phys_addr - RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
+       mbuf->data_len = desc->len;
+       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf) = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in attach_rxmbuf_zcp: res base idx:%d, "
+               "descriptor idx:%d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, res_base_idx, desc_idx);
+
+       __rte_mbuf_raw_free(mbuf);
+
+       return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Detach an attched packet mbuf -
+ *  - restore original mbuf address and length values.
+ *  - reset pktmbuf data and data_len to their default values.
+ *  All other fields of the given packet mbuf will be left intact.
+ *
+ * @param m
+ *   The attached packet mbuf.
+ */
+static inline void pktmbuf_detach_zcp(struct rte_mbuf *m)
+{
+       const struct rte_mempool *mp = m->pool;
+       void *buf = RTE_MBUF_TO_BADDR(m);
+       uint32_t buf_ofs;
+       uint32_t buf_len = mp->elt_size - sizeof(*m);
+       m->buf_physaddr = rte_mempool_virt2phy(mp, m) + sizeof(*m);
+
+       m->buf_addr = buf;
+       m->buf_len = (uint16_t)buf_len;
+
+       buf_ofs = (RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM <= m->buf_len) ?
+                       RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM : m->buf_len;
+       m->data_off = buf_ofs;
+
+       m->data_len = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function is called after packets have been transimited. It fetchs mbuf
+ * from vpool->pool, detached it and put into vpool->ring. It also update the
+ * used index and kick the guest if necessary.
+ */
+static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+txmbuf_clean_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev, struct vpool *vpool)
+{
+       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
+       uint32_t used_idx = vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1);
+       uint32_t index = 0;
+       uint32_t mbuf_count = rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool);
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in mempool before "
+               "clean is: %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, mbuf_count);
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in  ring before "
+               "clean  is : %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
+
+       for (index = 0; index < mbuf_count; index++) {
+               mbuf = __rte_mbuf_raw_alloc(vpool->pool);
+               if (likely(RTE_MBUF_INDIRECT(mbuf)))
+                       pktmbuf_detach_zcp(mbuf);
+               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool->ring, mbuf);
+
+               /* Update used index buffer information. */
+               vq->used->ring[used_idx].id = MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf);
+               vq->used->ring[used_idx].len = 0;
+
+               used_idx = (used_idx + 1) & (vq->size - 1);
+       }
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in mempool after "
+               "clean is: %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool));
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: mbuf count in  ring after "
+               "clean  is : %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: before updated "
+               "vq->last_used_idx:%d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx);
+
+       vq->last_used_idx += mbuf_count;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in txmbuf_clean_zcp: after updated "
+               "vq->last_used_idx:%d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx);
+
+       rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += mbuf_count;
+
+       /* Kick guest if required. */
+       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
+               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function is called when a virtio device is destroy.
+ * It fetchs mbuf from vpool->pool, and detached it, and put into vpool->ring.
+ */
+static void mbuf_destroy_zcp(struct vpool *vpool)
+{
+       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf = NULL;
+       uint32_t index, mbuf_count = rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool);
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in mempool before "
+               "mbuf_destroy_zcp is: %d\n",
+               mbuf_count);
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in  ring before "
+               "mbuf_destroy_zcp  is : %d\n",
+               rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
+
+       for (index = 0; index < mbuf_count; index++) {
+               mbuf = __rte_mbuf_raw_alloc(vpool->pool);
+               if (likely(mbuf != NULL)) {
+                       if (likely(RTE_MBUF_INDIRECT(mbuf)))
+                               pktmbuf_detach_zcp(mbuf);
+                       rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool->ring, (void *)mbuf);
+               }
+       }
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in mempool after "
+               "mbuf_destroy_zcp is: %d\n",
+               rte_mempool_count(vpool->pool));
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+               "in mbuf_destroy_zcp: mbuf count in ring after "
+               "mbuf_destroy_zcp is : %d\n",
+               rte_ring_count(vpool->ring));
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function update the use flag and counter.
+ */
+static inline uint32_t __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_dev_rx_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf **pkts,
+       uint32_t count)
+{
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       struct vring_desc *desc;
+       struct rte_mbuf *buff;
+       /* The virtio_hdr is initialised to 0. */
+       struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf virtio_hdr
+               = {{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, 0};
+       uint64_t buff_hdr_addr = 0;
+       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST], packet_len = 0;
+       uint32_t head_idx, packet_success = 0;
+       uint16_t res_cur_idx;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_rx()\n", dev->device_fh);
+
+       if (count == 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ];
+       count = (count > MAX_PKT_BURST) ? MAX_PKT_BURST : count;
+
+       res_cur_idx = vq->last_used_idx;
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Current Index %d| End Index %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, res_cur_idx, res_cur_idx + count);
+
+       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
+       for (head_idx = 0; head_idx < count; head_idx++)
+               head[head_idx] = MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(pkts[head_idx]);
+
+       /*Prefetch descriptor index. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
+
+       while (packet_success != count) {
+               /* Get descriptor from available ring */
+               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
+
+               buff = pkts[packet_success];
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") in dev_rx_zcp: update the used idx for "
+                       "pkt[%d] descriptor idx: %d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, packet_success,
+                       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(buff));
+
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev,
+                       (uintptr_t)(((uint64_t)(uintptr_t)buff->buf_addr)
+                       + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM),
+                       rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff), 0);
+
+               /* Buffer address translation for virtio header. */
+               buff_hdr_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+               packet_len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff) + vq->vhost_hlen;
+
+               /*
+                * If the descriptors are chained the header and data are
+                * placed in separate buffers.
+                */
+               if (desc->flags & VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) {
+                       desc->len = vq->vhost_hlen;
+                       desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
+                       desc->len = rte_pktmbuf_data_len(buff);
+               } else {
+                       desc->len = packet_len;
+               }
+
+               /* Update used ring with desc information */
+               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].id
+                       = head[packet_success];
+               vq->used->ring[res_cur_idx & (vq->size - 1)].len
+                       = packet_len;
+               res_cur_idx++;
+               packet_success++;
+
+               /* A header is required per buffer. */
+               rte_memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr,
+                       (const void *)&virtio_hdr, vq->vhost_hlen);
+
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_hdr_addr, vq->vhost_hlen, 1);
+
+               if (likely(packet_success < count)) {
+                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
+               }
+       }
+
+       rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in dev_rx_zcp: before update used idx: "
+               "vq.last_used_idx: %d, vq->used->idx: %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx, vq->used->idx);
+
+       *(volatile uint16_t *)&vq->used->idx += count;
+       vq->last_used_idx += count;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in dev_rx_zcp: after  update used idx: "
+               "vq.last_used_idx: %d, vq->used->idx: %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, vq->last_used_idx, vq->used->idx);
+
+       /* Kick the guest if necessary. */
+       if (!(vq->avail->flags & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
+               eventfd_write((int)vq->kickfd, 1);
+
+       return count;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function routes the TX packet to the correct interface.
+ * This may be a local device or the physical port.
+ */
+static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_tx_route_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev, struct rte_mbuf *m,
+       uint32_t desc_idx, uint8_t need_copy)
+{
+       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
+       struct rte_mbuf **m_table;
+       struct rte_mbuf *mbuf = NULL;
+       unsigned len, ret, offset = 0;
+       struct vpool *vpool;
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll = ll_root_used;
+       struct ether_hdr *pkt_hdr = rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, struct ether_hdr *);
+       uint16_t vlan_tag = (uint16_t)vlan_tags[(uint16_t)dev->device_fh];
+
+       /*Add packet to the port tx queue*/
+       tx_q = &tx_queue_zcp[(uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+       len = tx_q->len;
+
+       /* Allocate an mbuf and populate the structure. */
+       vpool = &vpool_array[MAX_QUEUES + (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+       rte_ring_sc_dequeue(vpool->ring, (void **)&mbuf);
+       if (unlikely(mbuf == NULL)) {
+               struct vhost_virtqueue *vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for mbuf.\n",
+                       dev->device_fh);
+               put_desc_to_used_list_zcp(vq, desc_idx);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
+               /* Avoid using a vlan tag from any vm for external pkt, such as
+                * vlan_tags[dev->device_fh], oterwise, it conflicts when pool
+                * selection, MAC address determines it as an external pkt
+                * which should go to network, while vlan tag determine it as
+                * a vm2vm pkt should forward to another vm. Hardware confuse
+                * such a ambiguous situation, so pkt will lost.
+                */
+               vlan_tag = external_pkt_default_vlan_tag;
+               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
+                       if (likely(dev_ll->dev->ready == DEVICE_RX) &&
+                               ether_addr_cmp(&(pkt_hdr->d_addr),
+                               &dev_ll->dev->mac_address)) {
+
+                               /*
+                                * Drop the packet if the TX packet is destined
+                                * for the TX device.
+                                */
+                               if (unlikely(dev_ll->dev->device_fh
+                                       == dev->device_fh)) {
+                                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                                       "(%"PRIu64") TX: Source and destination"
+                                       "MAC addresses are the same. Dropping "
+                                       "packet.\n",
+                                       dev_ll->dev->device_fh);
+                                       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf)
+                                               = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
+                                       __rte_mbuf_raw_free(mbuf);
+                                       return;
+                               }
+
+                               /*
+                                * Packet length offset 4 bytes for HW vlan
+                                * strip when L2 switch back.
+                                */
+                               offset = 4;
+                               vlan_tag =
+                               (uint16_t)
+                               vlan_tags[(uint16_t)dev_ll->dev->device_fh];
+
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") TX: pkt to local VM device id:"
+                               "(%"PRIu64") vlan tag: %d.\n",
+                               dev->device_fh, dev_ll->dev->device_fh,
+                               vlan_tag);
+
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       mbuf->nb_segs = m->nb_segs;
+       mbuf->next = m->next;
+       mbuf->data_len = m->data_len + offset;
+       mbuf->pkt_len = mbuf->data_len;
+       if (unlikely(need_copy)) {
+               /* Copy the packet contents to the mbuf. */
+               rte_memcpy(rte_pktmbuf_mtod(mbuf, void *),
+                       rte_pktmbuf_mtod(m, void *),
+                       m->data_len);
+       } else {
+               mbuf->data_off = m->data_off;
+               mbuf->buf_physaddr = m->buf_physaddr;
+               mbuf->buf_addr = m->buf_addr;
+       }
+       mbuf->ol_flags = PKT_TX_VLAN_PKT;
+       mbuf->vlan_tci = vlan_tag;
+       mbuf->l2_len = sizeof(struct ether_hdr);
+       mbuf->l3_len = sizeof(struct ipv4_hdr);
+       MBUF_HEADROOM_UINT32(mbuf) = (uint32_t)desc_idx;
+
+       tx_q->m_table[len] = mbuf;
+       len++;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+               "(%"PRIu64") in tx_route_zcp: pkt: nb_seg: %d, next:%s\n",
+               dev->device_fh,
+               mbuf->nb_segs,
+               (mbuf->next == NULL) ? "null" : "non-null");
+
+       if (enable_stats) {
+               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx_total++;
+               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].tx++;
+       }
+
+       if (unlikely(len == MAX_PKT_BURST)) {
+               m_table = (struct rte_mbuf **)tx_q->m_table;
+               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(ports[0],
+                       (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id, m_table, (uint16_t) len);
+
+               /*
+                * Free any buffers not handled by TX and update
+                * the port stats.
+                */
+               if (unlikely(ret < len)) {
+                       do {
+                               rte_pktmbuf_free(m_table[ret]);
+                       } while (++ret < len);
+               }
+
+               len = 0;
+               txmbuf_clean_zcp(dev, vpool);
+       }
+
+       tx_q->len = len;
+
+       return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function TX all available packets in virtio TX queue for one
+ * virtio-net device. If it is first packet, it learns MAC address and
+ * setup VMDQ.
+ */
+static inline void __attribute__((always_inline))
+virtio_dev_tx_zcp(struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       struct rte_mbuf m;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+       struct vring_desc *desc;
+       uint64_t buff_addr = 0, phys_addr;
+       uint32_t head[MAX_PKT_BURST];
+       uint32_t i;
+       uint16_t free_entries, packet_success = 0;
+       uint16_t avail_idx;
+       uint8_t need_copy = 0;
+       hpa_type addr_type;
+
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ];
+       avail_idx =  *((volatile uint16_t *)&vq->avail->idx);
+
+       /* If there are no available buffers then return. */
+       if (vq->last_used_idx_res == avail_idx)
+               return;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") virtio_dev_tx()\n", dev->device_fh);
+
+       /* Prefetch available ring to retrieve head indexes. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->avail->ring[vq->last_used_idx_res & (vq->size - 1)]);
+
+       /* Get the number of free entries in the ring */
+       free_entries = (avail_idx - vq->last_used_idx_res);
+
+       /* Limit to MAX_PKT_BURST. */
+       free_entries
+               = (free_entries > MAX_PKT_BURST) ? MAX_PKT_BURST : free_entries;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Buffers available %d\n",
+               dev->device_fh, free_entries);
+
+       /* Retrieve all of the head indexes first to avoid caching issues. */
+       for (i = 0; i < free_entries; i++)
+               head[i]
+                       = vq->avail->ring[(vq->last_used_idx_res + i)
+                       & (vq->size - 1)];
+
+       vq->last_used_idx_res += free_entries;
+
+       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success]]);
+       rte_prefetch0(&vq->used->ring[vq->last_used_idx & (vq->size - 1)]);
+
+       while (packet_success < free_entries) {
+               desc = &vq->desc[head[packet_success]];
+
+               /* Discard first buffer as it is the virtio header */
+               desc = &vq->desc[desc->next];
+
+               /* Buffer address translation. */
+               buff_addr = gpa_to_vva(dev, desc->addr);
+               phys_addr = gpa_to_hpa(dev, desc->addr, desc->len, &addr_type);
+
+               if (likely(packet_success < (free_entries - 1)))
+                       /* Prefetch descriptor index. */
+                       rte_prefetch0(&vq->desc[head[packet_success + 1]]);
+
+               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_INVALID)) {
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") Invalid frame buffer address found"
+                               "when TX packets!\n",
+                               dev->device_fh);
+                       packet_success++;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /* Prefetch buffer address. */
+               rte_prefetch0((void *)(uintptr_t)buff_addr);
+
+               /*
+                * Setup dummy mbuf. This is copied to a real mbuf if
+                * transmitted out the physical port.
+                */
+               m.data_len = desc->len;
+               m.nb_segs = 1;
+               m.next = NULL;
+               m.data_off = 0;
+               m.buf_addr = (void *)(uintptr_t)buff_addr;
+               m.buf_physaddr = phys_addr;
+
+               /*
+                * Check if the frame buffer address from guest crosses
+                * sub-region or not.
+                */
+               if (unlikely(addr_type == PHYS_ADDR_CROSS_SUBREG)) {
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_DATA,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") Frame buffer address cross "
+                               "sub-regioin found when attaching TX frame "
+                               "buffer address!\n",
+                               dev->device_fh);
+                       need_copy = 1;
+               } else
+                       need_copy = 0;
+
+               PRINT_PACKET(dev, (uintptr_t)buff_addr, desc->len, 0);
+
+               /*
+                * If this is the first received packet we need to learn
+                * the MAC and setup VMDQ
+                */
+               if (unlikely(dev->ready == DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING)) {
+                       if (dev->remove || (link_vmdq(dev, &m) == -1)) {
+                               /*
+                                * Discard frame if device is scheduled for
+                                * removal or a duplicate MAC address is found.
+                                */
+                               packet_success += free_entries;
+                               vq->last_used_idx += packet_success;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               virtio_tx_route_zcp(dev, &m, head[packet_success], need_copy);
+               packet_success++;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function is called by each data core. It handles all RX/TX registered
+ * with the core. For TX the specific lcore linked list is used. For RX, MAC
+ * addresses are compared with all devices in the main linked list.
+ */
+static int
+switch_worker_zcp(__attribute__((unused)) void *arg)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev = NULL;
+       struct rte_mbuf *pkts_burst[MAX_PKT_BURST];
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
+       struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
+       volatile struct lcore_ll_info *lcore_ll;
+       const uint64_t drain_tsc
+               = (rte_get_tsc_hz() + US_PER_S - 1) / US_PER_S
+               * BURST_TX_DRAIN_US;
+       uint64_t prev_tsc, diff_tsc, cur_tsc, ret_count = 0;
+       unsigned ret;
+       const uint16_t lcore_id = rte_lcore_id();
+       uint16_t count_in_ring, rx_count = 0;
+
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "Procesing on Core %u started\n", lcore_id);
+
+       lcore_ll = lcore_info[lcore_id].lcore_ll;
+       prev_tsc = 0;
+
+       while (1) {
+               cur_tsc = rte_rdtsc();
+
+               /* TX burst queue drain */
+               diff_tsc = cur_tsc - prev_tsc;
+               if (unlikely(diff_tsc > drain_tsc)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Get mbuf from vpool.pool and detach mbuf and
+                        * put back into vpool.ring.
+                        */
+                       dev_ll = lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
+                       while ((dev_ll != NULL) && (dev_ll->dev != NULL)) {
+                               /* Get virtio device ID */
+                               dev = dev_ll->dev;
+
+                               if (likely(!dev->remove)) {
+                                       tx_q = &tx_queue_zcp[(uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+                                       if (tx_q->len) {
+                                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_DATA,
+                                               "TX queue drained after timeout"
+                                               " with burst size %u\n",
+                                               tx_q->len);
+
+                                               /*
+                                                * Tx any packets in the queue
+                                                */
+                                               ret = rte_eth_tx_burst(
+                                                       ports[0],
+                                                       (uint16_t)tx_q->txq_id,
+                                                       (struct rte_mbuf **)
+                                                       tx_q->m_table,
+                                                       (uint16_t)tx_q->len);
+                                               if (unlikely(ret < tx_q->len)) {
+                                                       do {
+                                                               rte_pktmbuf_free(
+                                                                       tx_q->m_table[ret]);
+                                                       } while (++ret < tx_q->len);
+                                               }
+                                               tx_q->len = 0;
+
+                                               txmbuf_clean_zcp(dev,
+                                                       &vpool_array[MAX_QUEUES+dev->vmdq_rx_q]);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+                       }
+                       prev_tsc = cur_tsc;
+               }
+
+               rte_prefetch0(lcore_ll->ll_root_used);
+
+               /*
+                * Inform the configuration core that we have exited the linked
+                * list and that no devices are in use if requested.
+                */
+               if (lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag == REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL)
+                       lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = ACK_DEV_REMOVAL;
+
+               /* Process devices */
+               dev_ll = lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
+
+               while ((dev_ll != NULL) && (dev_ll->dev != NULL)) {
+                       dev = dev_ll->dev;
+                       if (unlikely(dev->remove)) {
+                               dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+                               unlink_vmdq(dev);
+                               dev->ready = DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE;
+                               continue;
+                       }
+
+                       if (likely(dev->ready == DEVICE_RX)) {
+                               uint32_t index = dev->vmdq_rx_q;
+                               uint16_t i;
+                               count_in_ring
+                               = rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring);
+                               uint16_t free_entries
+                               = (uint16_t)get_available_ring_num_zcp(dev);
+
+                               /*
+                                * Attach all mbufs in vpool.ring and put back
+                                * into vpool.pool.
+                                */
+                               for (i = 0;
+                               i < RTE_MIN(free_entries,
+                               RTE_MIN(count_in_ring, MAX_PKT_BURST));
+                               i++)
+                                       attach_rxmbuf_zcp(dev);
+
+                               /* Handle guest RX */
+                               rx_count = rte_eth_rx_burst(ports[0],
+                                       (uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q, pkts_burst,
+                                       MAX_PKT_BURST);
+
+                               if (rx_count) {
+                                       ret_count = virtio_dev_rx_zcp(dev,
+                                                       pkts_burst, rx_count);
+                                       if (enable_stats) {
+                                               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].rx_total
+                                                       += rx_count;
+                                               dev_statistics[dev->device_fh].rx
+                                                       += ret_count;
+                                       }
+                                       while (likely(rx_count)) {
+                                               rx_count--;
+                                               pktmbuf_detach_zcp(
+                                                       pkts_burst[rx_count]);
+                                               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(
+                                                       vpool_array[index].ring,
+                                                       (void *)pkts_burst[rx_count]);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (likely(!dev->remove))
+                               /* Handle guest TX */
+                               virtio_dev_tx_zcp(dev);
+
+                       /* Move to the next device in the list */
+                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Add an entry to a used linked list. A free entry must first be found
+ * in the free linked list using get_data_ll_free_entry();
+ */
+static void
+add_data_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr,
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll = *ll_root_addr;
+
+       /* Set next as NULL and use a compiler barrier to avoid reordering. */
+       ll_dev->next = NULL;
+       rte_compiler_barrier();
+
+       /* If ll == NULL then this is the first device. */
+       if (ll) {
+               /* Increment to the tail of the linked list. */
+               while ((ll->next != NULL) )
+                       ll = ll->next;
+
+               ll->next = ll_dev;
+       } else {
+               *ll_root_addr = ll_dev;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove an entry from a used linked list. The entry must then be added to
+ * the free linked list using put_data_ll_free_entry().
+ */
+static void
+rm_data_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr,
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev,
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev_last)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll = *ll_root_addr;
+
+       if (unlikely((ll == NULL) || (ll_dev == NULL)))
+               return;
+
+       if (ll_dev == ll)
+               *ll_root_addr = ll_dev->next;
+       else
+               if (likely(ll_dev_last != NULL))
+                       ll_dev_last->next = ll_dev->next;
+               else
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Remove entry form ll failed.\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find and return an entry from the free linked list.
+ */
+static struct virtio_net_data_ll *
+get_data_ll_free_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_free = *ll_root_addr;
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev;
+
+       if (ll_free == NULL)
+               return NULL;
+
+       ll_dev = ll_free;
+       *ll_root_addr = ll_free->next;
+
+       return ll_dev;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Place an entry back on to the free linked list.
+ */
+static void
+put_data_ll_free_entry(struct virtio_net_data_ll **ll_root_addr,
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_free = *ll_root_addr;
+
+       if (ll_dev == NULL)
+               return;
+
+       ll_dev->next = ll_free;
+       *ll_root_addr = ll_dev;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Creates a linked list of a given size.
+ */
+static struct virtio_net_data_ll *
+alloc_data_ll(uint32_t size)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_new;
+       uint32_t i;
+
+       /* Malloc and then chain the linked list. */
+       ll_new = malloc(size * sizeof(struct virtio_net_data_ll));
+       if (ll_new == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Failed to allocate memory for ll_new.\n");
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < size - 1; i++) {
+               ll_new[i].dev = NULL;
+               ll_new[i].next = &ll_new[i+1];
+       }
+       ll_new[i].next = NULL;
+
+       return (ll_new);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create the main linked list along with each individual cores linked list. A used and a free list
+ * are created to manage entries.
+ */
+static int
+init_data_ll (void)
+{
+       int lcore;
+
+       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
+               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll = malloc(sizeof(struct lcore_ll_info));
+               if (lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll == NULL) {
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Failed to allocate memory for lcore_ll.\n");
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->device_num = 0;
+               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = ACK_DEV_REMOVAL;
+               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->ll_root_used = NULL;
+               if (num_devices % num_switching_cores)
+                       lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->ll_root_free = alloc_data_ll((num_devices / num_switching_cores) + 1);
+               else
+                       lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->ll_root_free = alloc_data_ll(num_devices / num_switching_cores);
+       }
+
+       /* Allocate devices up to a maximum of MAX_DEVICES. */
+       ll_root_free = alloc_data_ll(MIN((num_devices), MAX_DEVICES));
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set virtqueue flags so that we do not receive interrupts.
+ */
+static void
+set_irq_status (struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->used->flags = VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY;
+       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->used->flags = VRING_USED_F_NO_NOTIFY;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove a device from the specific data core linked list and from the main linked list. Synchonization
+ * occurs through the use of the lcore dev_removal_flag. Device is made volatile here to avoid re-ordering
+ * of dev->remove=1 which can cause an infinite loop in the rte_pause loop.
+ */
+static void
+destroy_device (volatile struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_lcore_dev_cur;
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_main_dev_cur;
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_lcore_dev_last = NULL;
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_main_dev_last = NULL;
+       int lcore;
+
+       dev->flags &= ~VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING;
+
+       /*set the remove flag. */
+       dev->remove = 1;
+
+       while(dev->ready != DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE) {
+               rte_pause();
+       }
+
+       /* Search for entry to be removed from lcore ll */
+       ll_lcore_dev_cur = lcore_info[dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_used;
+       while (ll_lcore_dev_cur != NULL) {
+               if (ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev == dev) {
+                       break;
+               } else {
+                       ll_lcore_dev_last = ll_lcore_dev_cur;
+                       ll_lcore_dev_cur = ll_lcore_dev_cur->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (ll_lcore_dev_cur == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find the dev to be destroy.\n",
+                       dev->device_fh);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* Search for entry to be removed from main ll */
+       ll_main_dev_cur = ll_root_used;
+       ll_main_dev_last = NULL;
+       while (ll_main_dev_cur != NULL) {
+               if (ll_main_dev_cur->dev == dev) {
+                       break;
+               } else {
+                       ll_main_dev_last = ll_main_dev_cur;
+                       ll_main_dev_cur = ll_main_dev_cur->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Remove entries from the lcore and main ll. */
+       rm_data_ll_entry(&lcore_info[ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_used, ll_lcore_dev_cur, ll_lcore_dev_last);
+       rm_data_ll_entry(&ll_root_used, ll_main_dev_cur, ll_main_dev_last);
+
+       /* Set the dev_removal_flag on each lcore. */
+       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
+               lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag = REQUEST_DEV_REMOVAL;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Once each core has set the dev_removal_flag to ACK_DEV_REMOVAL we can be sure that
+        * they can no longer access the device removed from the linked lists and that the devices
+        * are no longer in use.
+        */
+       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
+               while (lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->dev_removal_flag != ACK_DEV_REMOVAL) {
+                       rte_pause();
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Add the entries back to the lcore and main free ll.*/
+       put_data_ll_free_entry(&lcore_info[ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_free, ll_lcore_dev_cur);
+       put_data_ll_free_entry(&ll_root_free, ll_main_dev_cur);
+
+       /* Decrement number of device on the lcore. */
+       lcore_info[ll_lcore_dev_cur->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->device_num--;
+
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Device has been removed from data core\n", dev->device_fh);
+
+       if (zero_copy) {
+               struct vpool *vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+
+               /* Stop the RX queue. */
+               if (rte_eth_dev_rx_queue_stop(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") In destroy_device: Failed to stop "
+                               "rx queue:%d\n",
+                               dev->device_fh,
+                               dev->vmdq_rx_q);
+               }
+
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") in destroy_device: Start put mbuf in "
+                       "mempool back to ring for RX queue: %d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
+
+               mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
+
+               /* Stop the TX queue. */
+               if (rte_eth_dev_tx_queue_stop(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") In destroy_device: Failed to "
+                               "stop tx queue:%d\n",
+                               dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
+               }
+
+               vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q + MAX_QUEUES];
+
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") destroy_device: Start put mbuf in mempool "
+                       "back to ring for TX queue: %d, dev:(%"PRIu64")\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, (dev->vmdq_rx_q + MAX_QUEUES),
+                       dev->device_fh);
+
+               mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
+       }
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * A new device is added to a data core. First the device is added to the main linked list
+ * and the allocated to a specific data core.
+ */
+static int
+new_device (struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *ll_dev;
+       int lcore, core_add = 0;
+       uint32_t device_num_min = num_devices;
+
+       /* Add device to main ll */
+       ll_dev = get_data_ll_free_entry(&ll_root_free);
+       if (ll_dev == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") No free entry found in linked list. Device limit "
+                       "of %d devices per core has been reached\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, num_devices);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       ll_dev->dev = dev;
+       add_data_ll_entry(&ll_root_used, ll_dev);
+       ll_dev->dev->vmdq_rx_q
+               = ll_dev->dev->device_fh * (num_queues / num_devices);
+
+       if (zero_copy) {
+               uint32_t index = ll_dev->dev->vmdq_rx_q;
+               uint32_t count_in_ring, i;
+               struct mbuf_table *tx_q;
+
+               count_in_ring = rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring);
+
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in mempool "
+                       "before attach is: %d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh,
+                       rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool));
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in  ring "
+                       "before attach  is : %d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh, count_in_ring);
+
+               /*
+                * Attach all mbufs in vpool.ring and put back intovpool.pool.
+                */
+               for (i = 0; i < count_in_ring; i++)
+                       attach_rxmbuf_zcp(dev);
+
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in "
+                       "mempool after attach is: %d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh,
+                       rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool));
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") in new_device: mbuf count in "
+                       "ring after attach  is : %d\n",
+                       dev->device_fh,
+                       rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring));
+
+               tx_q = &tx_queue_zcp[(uint16_t)dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+               tx_q->txq_id = dev->vmdq_rx_q;
+
+               if (rte_eth_dev_tx_queue_start(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
+                       struct vpool *vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") In new_device: Failed to start "
+                               "tx queue:%d\n",
+                               dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
+
+                       mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               if (rte_eth_dev_rx_queue_start(ports[0], dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
+                       struct vpool *vpool = &vpool_array[dev->vmdq_rx_q];
+
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "(%"PRIu64") In new_device: Failed to start "
+                               "rx queue:%d\n",
+                               dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
+
+                       /* Stop the TX queue. */
+                       if (rte_eth_dev_tx_queue_stop(ports[0],
+                               dev->vmdq_rx_q) != 0) {
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                                       "(%"PRIu64") In new_device: Failed to "
+                                       "stop tx queue:%d\n",
+                                       dev->device_fh, dev->vmdq_rx_q);
+                       }
+
+                       mbuf_destroy_zcp(vpool);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+       }
+
+       /*reset ready flag*/
+       dev->ready = DEVICE_MAC_LEARNING;
+       dev->remove = 0;
+
+       /* Find a suitable lcore to add the device. */
+       RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore) {
+               if (lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->device_num < device_num_min) {
+                       device_num_min = lcore_info[lcore].lcore_ll->device_num;
+                       core_add = lcore;
+               }
+       }
+       /* Add device to lcore ll */
+       ll_dev->dev->coreid = core_add;
+       ll_dev = get_data_ll_free_entry(&lcore_info[ll_dev->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_free);
+       if (ll_dev == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to add device to data core\n", dev->device_fh);
+               dev->ready = DEVICE_SAFE_REMOVE;
+               destroy_device(dev);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       ll_dev->dev = dev;
+       add_data_ll_entry(&lcore_info[ll_dev->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->ll_root_used, ll_dev);
+
+       /* Initialize device stats */
+       memset(&dev_statistics[dev->device_fh], 0, sizeof(struct device_statistics));
+
+       /* Disable notifications. */
+       set_irq_status(dev);
+       lcore_info[ll_dev->dev->coreid].lcore_ll->device_num++;
+       dev->flags |= VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING;
+
+       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_DATA, "(%"PRIu64") Device has been added to data core %d\n", dev->device_fh, dev->coreid);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * These callback allow devices to be added to the data core when configuration
+ * has been fully complete.
+ */
+static const struct virtio_net_device_ops virtio_net_device_ops =
+{
+       .new_device =  new_device,
+       .destroy_device = destroy_device,
+};
+
+/*
+ * This is a thread will wake up after a period to print stats if the user has
+ * enabled them.
+ */
+static void
+print_stats(void)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_data_ll *dev_ll;
+       uint64_t tx_dropped, rx_dropped;
+       uint64_t tx, tx_total, rx, rx_total;
+       uint32_t device_fh;
+       const char clr[] = { 27, '[', '2', 'J', '\0' };
+       const char top_left[] = { 27, '[', '1', ';', '1', 'H','\0' };
+
+       while(1) {
+               sleep(enable_stats);
+
+               /* Clear screen and move to top left */
+               printf("%s%s", clr, top_left);
+
+               printf("\nDevice statistics ====================================");
+
+               dev_ll = ll_root_used;
+               while (dev_ll != NULL) {
+                       device_fh = (uint32_t)dev_ll->dev->device_fh;
+                       tx_total = dev_statistics[device_fh].tx_total;
+                       tx = dev_statistics[device_fh].tx;
+                       tx_dropped = tx_total - tx;
+                       if (zero_copy == 0) {
+                               rx_total = rte_atomic64_read(
+                                       &dev_statistics[device_fh].rx_total_atomic);
+                               rx = rte_atomic64_read(
+                                       &dev_statistics[device_fh].rx_atomic);
+                       } else {
+                               rx_total = dev_statistics[device_fh].rx_total;
+                               rx = dev_statistics[device_fh].rx;
+                       }
+                       rx_dropped = rx_total - rx;
+
+                       printf("\nStatistics for device %"PRIu32" ------------------------------"
+                                       "\nTX total:            %"PRIu64""
+                                       "\nTX dropped:          %"PRIu64""
+                                       "\nTX successful:               %"PRIu64""
+                                       "\nRX total:            %"PRIu64""
+                                       "\nRX dropped:          %"PRIu64""
+                                       "\nRX successful:               %"PRIu64"",
+                                       device_fh,
+                                       tx_total,
+                                       tx_dropped,
+                                       tx,
+                                       rx_total,
+                                       rx_dropped,
+                                       rx);
+
+                       dev_ll = dev_ll->next;
+               }
+               printf("\n======================================================\n");
+       }
+}
+
+static void
+setup_mempool_tbl(int socket, uint32_t index, char *pool_name,
+       char *ring_name, uint32_t nb_mbuf)
+{
+       uint16_t roomsize = VIRTIO_DESCRIPTOR_LEN_ZCP + RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
+       vpool_array[index].pool
+               = rte_mempool_create(pool_name, nb_mbuf, MBUF_SIZE_ZCP,
+               MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP, sizeof(struct rte_pktmbuf_pool_private),
+               rte_pktmbuf_pool_init, (void *)(uintptr_t)roomsize,
+               rte_pktmbuf_init, NULL, socket, 0);
+       if (vpool_array[index].pool != NULL) {
+               vpool_array[index].ring
+                       = rte_ring_create(ring_name,
+                               rte_align32pow2(nb_mbuf + 1),
+                               socket, RING_F_SP_ENQ | RING_F_SC_DEQ);
+               if (likely(vpool_array[index].ring != NULL)) {
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "in setup_mempool_tbl: mbuf count in "
+                               "mempool is: %d\n",
+                               rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool));
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "in setup_mempool_tbl: mbuf count in "
+                               "ring   is: %d\n",
+                               rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring));
+               } else {
+                       rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "ring_create(%s) failed",
+                               ring_name);
+               }
+
+               /* Need consider head room. */
+               vpool_array[index].buf_size = roomsize - RTE_PKTMBUF_HEADROOM;
+       } else {
+               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "mempool_create(%s) failed", pool_name);
+       }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Main function, does initialisation and calls the per-lcore functions. The CUSE
+ * device is also registered here to handle the IOCTLs.
+ */
+int
+MAIN(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+       struct rte_mempool *mbuf_pool = NULL;
+       unsigned lcore_id, core_id = 0;
+       unsigned nb_ports, valid_num_ports;
+       int ret;
+       uint8_t portid, queue_id = 0;
+       static pthread_t tid;
+
+       /* init EAL */
+       ret = rte_eal_init(argc, argv);
+       if (ret < 0)
+               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Error with EAL initialization\n");
+       argc -= ret;
+       argv += ret;
+
+       /* parse app arguments */
+       ret = us_vhost_parse_args(argc, argv);
+       if (ret < 0)
+               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid argument\n");
+
+       for (lcore_id = 0; lcore_id < RTE_MAX_LCORE; lcore_id ++)
+               if (rte_lcore_is_enabled(lcore_id))
+                       lcore_ids[core_id ++] = lcore_id;
+
+       if (rte_lcore_count() > RTE_MAX_LCORE)
+               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,"Not enough cores\n");
+
+       /*set the number of swithcing cores available*/
+       num_switching_cores = rte_lcore_count()-1;
+
+       /* Get the number of physical ports. */
+       nb_ports = rte_eth_dev_count();
+       if (nb_ports > RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS)
+               nb_ports = RTE_MAX_ETHPORTS;
+
+       /*
+        * Update the global var NUM_PORTS and global array PORTS
+        * and get value of var VALID_NUM_PORTS according to system ports number
+        */
+       valid_num_ports = check_ports_num(nb_ports);
+
+       if ((valid_num_ports ==  0) || (valid_num_ports > MAX_SUP_PORTS)) {
+               RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT, "Current enabled port number is %u,"
+                       "but only %u port can be enabled\n",num_ports, MAX_SUP_PORTS);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       if (zero_copy == 0) {
+               /* Create the mbuf pool. */
+               mbuf_pool = rte_mempool_create(
+                               "MBUF_POOL",
+                               NUM_MBUFS_PER_PORT
+                               * valid_num_ports,
+                               MBUF_SIZE, MBUF_CACHE_SIZE,
+                               sizeof(struct rte_pktmbuf_pool_private),
+                               rte_pktmbuf_pool_init, NULL,
+                               rte_pktmbuf_init, NULL,
+                               rte_socket_id(), 0);
+               if (mbuf_pool == NULL)
+                       rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot create mbuf pool\n");
+
+               for (queue_id = 0; queue_id < MAX_QUEUES + 1; queue_id++)
+                       vpool_array[queue_id].pool = mbuf_pool;
+
+               if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
+                       /* Enable VT loop back to let L2 switch to do it. */
+                       vmdq_conf_default.rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf.enable_loop_back = 1;
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "Enable loop back for L2 switch in vmdq.\n");
+               }
+       } else {
+               uint32_t nb_mbuf;
+               char pool_name[RTE_MEMPOOL_NAMESIZE];
+               char ring_name[RTE_MEMPOOL_NAMESIZE];
+
+               /*
+                * Zero copy defers queue RX/TX start to the time when guest
+                * finishes its startup and packet buffers from that guest are
+                * available.
+                */
+               rx_conf_default.rx_deferred_start = (uint8_t)zero_copy;
+               rx_conf_default.rx_drop_en = 0;
+               tx_conf_default.tx_deferred_start = (uint8_t)zero_copy;
+               nb_mbuf = num_rx_descriptor
+                       + num_switching_cores * MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP
+                       + num_switching_cores * MAX_PKT_BURST;
+
+               for (queue_id = 0; queue_id < MAX_QUEUES; queue_id++) {
+                       snprintf(pool_name, sizeof(pool_name),
+                               "rxmbuf_pool_%u", queue_id);
+                       snprintf(ring_name, sizeof(ring_name),
+                               "rxmbuf_ring_%u", queue_id);
+                       setup_mempool_tbl(rte_socket_id(), queue_id,
+                               pool_name, ring_name, nb_mbuf);
+               }
+
+               nb_mbuf = num_tx_descriptor
+                               + num_switching_cores * MBUF_CACHE_SIZE_ZCP
+                               + num_switching_cores * MAX_PKT_BURST;
+
+               for (queue_id = 0; queue_id < MAX_QUEUES; queue_id++) {
+                       snprintf(pool_name, sizeof(pool_name),
+                               "txmbuf_pool_%u", queue_id);
+                       snprintf(ring_name, sizeof(ring_name),
+                               "txmbuf_ring_%u", queue_id);
+                       setup_mempool_tbl(rte_socket_id(),
+                               (queue_id + MAX_QUEUES),
+                               pool_name, ring_name, nb_mbuf);
+               }
+
+               if (vm2vm_mode == VM2VM_HARDWARE) {
+                       /* Enable VT loop back to let L2 switch to do it. */
+                       vmdq_conf_default.rx_adv_conf.vmdq_rx_conf.enable_loop_back = 1;
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "Enable loop back for L2 switch in vmdq.\n");
+               }
+       }
+       /* Set log level. */
+       rte_set_log_level(LOG_LEVEL);
+
+       /* initialize all ports */
+       for (portid = 0; portid < nb_ports; portid++) {
+               /* skip ports that are not enabled */
+               if ((enabled_port_mask & (1 << portid)) == 0) {
+                       RTE_LOG(INFO, VHOST_PORT,
+                               "Skipping disabled port %d\n", portid);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (port_init(portid) != 0)
+                       rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,
+                               "Cannot initialize network ports\n");
+       }
+
+       /* Initialise all linked lists. */
+       if (init_data_ll() == -1)
+               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE, "Failed to initialize linked list\n");
+
+       /* Initialize device stats */
+       memset(&dev_statistics, 0, sizeof(dev_statistics));
+
+       /* Enable stats if the user option is set. */
+       if (enable_stats)
+               pthread_create(&tid, NULL, (void*)print_stats, NULL );
+
+       /* Launch all data cores. */
+       if (zero_copy == 0) {
+               RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore_id) {
+                       rte_eal_remote_launch(switch_worker,
+                               mbuf_pool, lcore_id);
+               }
+       } else {
+               uint32_t count_in_mempool, index, i;
+               for (index = 0; index < 2*MAX_QUEUES; index++) {
+                       /* For all RX and TX queues. */
+                       count_in_mempool
+                               = rte_mempool_count(vpool_array[index].pool);
+
+                       /*
+                        * Transfer all un-attached mbufs from vpool.pool
+                        * to vpoo.ring.
+                        */
+                       for (i = 0; i < count_in_mempool; i++) {
+                               struct rte_mbuf *mbuf
+                                       = __rte_mbuf_raw_alloc(
+                                               vpool_array[index].pool);
+                               rte_ring_sp_enqueue(vpool_array[index].ring,
+                                               (void *)mbuf);
+                       }
+
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "in MAIN: mbuf count in mempool at initial "
+                               "is: %d\n", count_in_mempool);
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "in MAIN: mbuf count in  ring at initial  is :"
+                               " %d\n",
+                               rte_ring_count(vpool_array[index].ring));
+               }
+
+               RTE_LCORE_FOREACH_SLAVE(lcore_id)
+                       rte_eal_remote_launch(switch_worker_zcp, NULL,
+                               lcore_id);
+       }
+
+       /* Register CUSE device to handle IOCTLs. */
+       ret = register_cuse_device((char*)&dev_basename, dev_index, get_virtio_net_callbacks());
+       if (ret != 0)
+               rte_exit(EXIT_FAILURE,"CUSE device setup failure.\n");
+
+       init_virtio_net(&virtio_net_device_ops);
+
+       /* Start CUSE session. */
+       start_cuse_session_loop();
+       return 0;
+
+}
+
diff --git a/lib/librte_vhost/virtio-net.c b/lib/librte_vhost/virtio-net.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..5e659c7
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1165 @@
+/*-
+ *   BSD LICENSE
+ *
+ *   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+ *   All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ *   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ *   are met:
+ *
+ *     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *       distribution.
+ *     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+ *       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+ *       from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ *   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+ *   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+ *   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ *   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ *   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+ *   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ *   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ *   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ *   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ *   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <fuse/cuse_lowlevel.h>
+#include <linux/vhost.h>
+#include <linux/virtio_net.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/eventfd.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <rte_ethdev.h>
+#include <rte_log.h>
+#include <rte_string_fns.h>
+#include <rte_memory.h>
+
+#include "main.h"
+#include "virtio-net.h"
+#include "vhost-net-cdev.h"
+#include "eventfd_link/eventfd_link.h"
+
+const char eventfd_cdev[] = "/dev/eventfd-link";
+
+extern uint32_t num_devices;
+static uint32_t num_cur_devices = 0;
+
+/* device ops to add/remove device to data core. */
+static struct virtio_net_device_ops const * notify_ops;
+/* Root address of the linked list in the configuration core. */
+static struct virtio_net_config_ll                     *ll_root = NULL;
+
+/* Features supported by this application. RX merge buffers are disabled by default. */
+uint64_t VHOST_FEATURES = (0ULL << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF);
+
+/* Line size for reading maps file. */
+const uint32_t BUFSIZE = PATH_MAX;
+
+/* Size of prot char array in procmap. */
+#define PROT_SZ 5
+
+/* Number of elements in procmap struct. */
+#define PROCMAP_SZ 8
+
+/* Structure containing information gathered from maps file. */
+struct procmap
+{
+       uint64_t        va_start;                       /* Start virtual address in file. */
+       uint64_t        len;                            /* Size of file. */
+       uint64_t        pgoff;                          /* Not used. */
+       uint32_t        maj;                            /* Not used. */
+       uint32_t        min;                            /* Not used. */
+       uint32_t        ino;                            /* Not used. */
+       char            prot[PROT_SZ];          /* Not used. */
+       char            fname[PATH_MAX];        /* File name. */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Converts QEMU virtual address to Vhost virtual address. This function is used
+ * to convert the ring addresses to our address space.
+ */
+static uint64_t
+qva_to_vva(struct virtio_net *dev, uint64_t qemu_va)
+{
+       struct virtio_memory_regions *region;
+       uint64_t vhost_va = 0;
+       uint32_t regionidx = 0;
+
+       /* Find the region where the address lives. */
+       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
+               region = &dev->mem->regions[regionidx];
+               if ((qemu_va >= region->userspace_address) &&
+                               (qemu_va <= region->userspace_address +
+                               region->memory_size)) {
+                       vhost_va = dev->mem->mapped_address + qemu_va - dev->mem->base_address;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       return vhost_va;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Locate the file containing QEMU's memory space and map it to our address space.
+ */
+static int
+host_memory_map (struct virtio_net *dev, struct virtio_memory *mem, pid_t pid, uint64_t addr)
+{
+       struct dirent *dptr = NULL;
+       struct procmap procmap;
+       DIR *dp = NULL;
+       int fd;
+       int i;
+       char memfile[PATH_MAX];
+       char mapfile[PATH_MAX];
+       char procdir[PATH_MAX];
+       char resolved_path[PATH_MAX];
+       FILE            *fmap;
+       void            *map;
+       uint8_t         found = 0;
+       char            line[BUFSIZE];
+       char dlm[] = "-   :   ";
+       char *str, *sp, *in[PROCMAP_SZ];
+       char *end = NULL;
+
+       /* Path where mem files are located. */
+       snprintf (procdir, PATH_MAX, "/proc/%u/fd/", pid);
+       /* Maps file used to locate mem file. */
+       snprintf (mapfile, PATH_MAX, "/proc/%u/maps", pid);
+
+       fmap = fopen(mapfile, "r");
+       if (fmap == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to open maps file for pid %d\n", dev->device_fh, pid);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /* Read through maps file until we find out base_address. */
+       while (fgets(line, BUFSIZE, fmap) != 0) {
+               str = line;
+               errno = 0;
+               /* Split line in to fields. */
+               for (i = 0; i < PROCMAP_SZ; i++) {
+                       if (((in[i] = strtok_r(str, &dlm[i], &sp)) == NULL) || (errno != 0)) {
+                               fclose(fmap);
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+                       str = NULL;
+               }
+
+               /* Convert/Copy each field as needed. */
+               procmap.va_start = strtoull(in[0], &end, 16);
+               if ((in[0] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
+                       fclose(fmap);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               procmap.len = strtoull(in[1], &end, 16);
+               if ((in[1] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
+                       fclose(fmap);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               procmap.pgoff = strtoull(in[3], &end, 16);
+               if ((in[3] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
+                       fclose(fmap);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               procmap.maj = strtoul(in[4], &end, 16);
+               if ((in[4] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
+                       fclose(fmap);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               procmap.min = strtoul(in[5], &end, 16);
+               if ((in[5] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
+                       fclose(fmap);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               procmap.ino = strtoul(in[6], &end, 16);
+               if ((in[6] == '\0') || (end == NULL) || (*end != '\0') || (errno != 0)) {
+                       fclose(fmap);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               memcpy(&procmap.prot, in[2], PROT_SZ);
+               memcpy(&procmap.fname, in[7], PATH_MAX);
+
+               if (procmap.va_start == addr) {
+                       procmap.len = procmap.len - procmap.va_start;
+                       found = 1;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       fclose(fmap);
+
+       if (!found) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find memory file in pid %d maps file\n", dev->device_fh, pid);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /* Find the guest memory file among the process fds. */
+       dp = opendir(procdir);
+       if (dp == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Cannot open pid %d process directory \n", dev->device_fh, pid);
+               return -1;
+
+       }
+
+       found = 0;
+
+       /* Read the fd directory contents. */
+       while (NULL != (dptr = readdir(dp))) {
+               snprintf (memfile, PATH_MAX, "/proc/%u/fd/%s", pid, dptr->d_name);
+           realpath(memfile, resolved_path);
+               if (resolved_path == NULL) {
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to resolve fd directory\n", dev->device_fh);
+                       closedir(dp);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               if (strncmp(resolved_path, procmap.fname,
+                       strnlen(procmap.fname, PATH_MAX)) == 0) {
+                       found = 1;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       closedir(dp);
+
+       if (found == 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find memory file for pid %d\n", dev->device_fh, pid);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       /* Open the shared memory file and map the memory into this process. */
+       fd = open(memfile, O_RDWR);
+
+       if (fd == -1) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to open %s for pid %d\n", dev->device_fh, memfile, pid);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       map = mmap(0, (size_t)procmap.len, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE , MAP_POPULATE|MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
+       close (fd);
+
+       if (map == MAP_FAILED) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Error mapping the file %s for pid %d\n",  dev->device_fh, memfile, pid);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /* Store the memory address and size in the device data structure */
+       mem->mapped_address = (uint64_t)(uintptr_t)map;
+       mem->mapped_size = procmap.len;
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Mem File: %s->%s - Size: %llu - VA: %p\n", dev->device_fh,
+               memfile, resolved_path, (long long unsigned)mem->mapped_size, map);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Retrieves an entry from the devices configuration linked list.
+ */
+static struct virtio_net_config_ll *
+get_config_ll_entry(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev = ll_root;
+
+       /* Loop through linked list until the device_fh is found. */
+       while (ll_dev != NULL) {
+               if (ll_dev->dev.device_fh == ctx.fh)
+                       return ll_dev;
+               ll_dev = ll_dev->next;
+       }
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Searches the configuration core linked list and retrieves the device if it exists.
+ */
+static struct virtio_net *
+get_device(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev;
+
+       ll_dev = get_config_ll_entry(ctx);
+
+       /* If a matching entry is found in the linked list, return the device in that entry. */
+       if (ll_dev) {
+               return &ll_dev->dev;
+       }
+
+       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Device not found in linked list.\n", ctx.fh);
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add entry containing a device to the device configuration linked list.
+ */
+static void
+add_config_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_config_ll *new_ll_dev)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev = ll_root;
+
+       /* If ll_dev == NULL then this is the first device so go to else */
+       if (ll_dev) {
+               /* If the 1st device_fh != 0 then we insert our device here. */
+               if (ll_dev->dev.device_fh != 0) {
+                       new_ll_dev->dev.device_fh = 0;
+                       new_ll_dev->next = ll_dev;
+                       ll_root = new_ll_dev;
+               } else {
+                       /* Increment through the ll until we find un unused device_fh. Insert the device at that entry*/
+                       while ((ll_dev->next != NULL) && (ll_dev->dev.device_fh == (ll_dev->next->dev.device_fh - 1)))
+                               ll_dev = ll_dev->next;
+
+                       new_ll_dev->dev.device_fh = ll_dev->dev.device_fh + 1;
+                       new_ll_dev->next = ll_dev->next;
+                       ll_dev->next = new_ll_dev;
+               }
+       } else {
+               ll_root = new_ll_dev;
+               ll_root->dev.device_fh = 0;
+       }
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Unmap any memory, close any file descriptors and free any memory owned by a device.
+ */
+static void
+cleanup_device(struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       /* Unmap QEMU memory file if mapped. */
+       if (dev->mem) {
+               munmap((void*)(uintptr_t)dev->mem->mapped_address, (size_t)dev->mem->mapped_size);
+               if (dev->mem->regions_hpa)
+                       free(dev->mem->regions_hpa);
+               free(dev->mem);
+       }
+
+       /* Close any event notifiers opened by device. */
+       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->callfd)
+               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->callfd);
+       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->kickfd)
+               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->kickfd);
+       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->callfd)
+               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->callfd);
+       if (dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->kickfd)
+               close((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->kickfd);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release virtqueues and device memory.
+ */
+static void
+free_device(struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev)
+{
+       /* Free any malloc'd memory */
+       free(ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]);
+       free(ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]);
+       free(ll_dev);
+}
+/*
+ * Remove an entry from the device configuration linked list.
+ */
+static struct virtio_net_config_ll *
+rm_config_ll_entry(struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev, struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev_last)
+{
+       /* First remove the device and then clean it up. */
+       if (ll_dev == ll_root) {
+               ll_root = ll_dev->next;
+               cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
+               free_device(ll_dev);
+               return ll_root;
+       } else {
+               if (likely(ll_dev_last != NULL)) {
+                       ll_dev_last->next = ll_dev->next;
+                       cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
+                       free_device(ll_dev);
+                       return ll_dev_last->next;
+               } else {
+                       cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
+                       free_device(ll_dev);
+                       RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "Remove entry from config_ll failed\n");
+                       return NULL;
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Initialise all variables in device structure.
+ */
+static void
+init_device(struct virtio_net *dev)
+{
+       uint64_t vq_offset;
+
+       /* Virtqueues have already been malloced so we don't want to set them to NULL. */
+       vq_offset = offsetof(struct virtio_net, mem);
+
+       /* Set everything to 0. */
+       memset((void*)(uintptr_t)((uint64_t)(uintptr_t)dev + vq_offset), 0,
+               (sizeof(struct virtio_net) - (size_t)vq_offset));
+       memset(dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ], 0, sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
+       memset(dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ], 0, sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
+
+       /* Backends are set to -1 indicating an inactive device. */
+       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->backend = VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED;
+       dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->backend = VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function is called from the CUSE open function. The device structure is
+ * initialised and a new entry is added to the device configuration linked
+ * list.
+ */
+static int
+new_device(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll *new_ll_dev;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *virtqueue_rx, *virtqueue_tx;
+
+       /*check the number of devices in the system*/
+       if (num_cur_devices == num_devices) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "() Max num devices (%u) exceeded\n", num_devices);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /* Setup device and virtqueues. */
+       new_ll_dev = malloc(sizeof(struct virtio_net_config_ll));
+       if (new_ll_dev == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for dev.\n", ctx.fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       virtqueue_rx = malloc(sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
+       if (virtqueue_rx == NULL) {
+               free(new_ll_dev);
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for virtqueue_rx.\n", ctx.fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       virtqueue_tx = malloc(sizeof(struct vhost_virtqueue));
+       if (virtqueue_tx == NULL) {
+               free(virtqueue_rx);
+               free(new_ll_dev);
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for virtqueue_tx.\n", ctx.fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       new_ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ] = virtqueue_rx;
+       new_ll_dev->dev.virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ] = virtqueue_tx;
+
+       /* Initialise device and virtqueues. */
+       init_device(&new_ll_dev->dev);
+
+       new_ll_dev->next = NULL;
+
+       /* Add entry to device configuration linked list. */
+       add_config_ll_entry(new_ll_dev);
+
+       /*increment the number of devices in the system*/
+       num_cur_devices++;
+
+       return new_ll_dev->dev.device_fh;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function is called from the CUSE release function. This function will cleanup
+ * the device and remove it from device configuration linked list.
+ */
+static void
+destroy_device(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev_cur_ctx, *ll_dev_last = NULL;
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev_cur = ll_root;
+
+       /* Find the linked list entry for the device to be removed. */
+       ll_dev_cur_ctx = get_config_ll_entry(ctx);
+       while (ll_dev_cur != NULL) {
+               /* If the device is found or a device that doesn't exist is found then it is removed. */
+               if (ll_dev_cur == ll_dev_cur_ctx) {
+                       /*
+                        * If the device is running on a data core then call the function to remove it from
+                        * the data core.
+                        */
+                       if ((ll_dev_cur->dev.flags & VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING))
+                               notify_ops->destroy_device(&(ll_dev_cur->dev));
+                       ll_dev_cur = rm_config_ll_entry(ll_dev_cur, ll_dev_last);
+               } else {
+                       ll_dev_last = ll_dev_cur;
+                       ll_dev_cur = ll_dev_cur->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*decrement the number of devices in the system*/
+       num_cur_devices--;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_OWNER
+ * This function just returns success at the moment unless the device hasn't been initialised.
+ */
+static int
+set_owner(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_RESET_OWNER
+ */
+static int
+reset_owner(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx)
+{
+       struct virtio_net_config_ll *ll_dev;
+
+       ll_dev = get_config_ll_entry(ctx);
+
+       cleanup_device(&ll_dev->dev);
+       init_device(&ll_dev->dev);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_GET_FEATURES
+ * The features that we support are requested.
+ */
+static int
+get_features(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, uint64_t *pu)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       /* Send our supported features. */
+       *pu = VHOST_FEATURES;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_FEATURES
+ * We receive the negotiated set of features supported by us and the virtio device.
+ */
+static int
+set_features(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, uint64_t *pu)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+       if (*pu & ~VHOST_FEATURES)
+               return -1;
+
+       /* Store the negotiated feature list for the device. */
+       dev->features = *pu;
+
+       /* Set the vhost_hlen depending on if VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF is set. */
+       if (dev->features & (1 << VIRTIO_NET_F_MRG_RXBUF)) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Mergeable RX buffers enabled\n", dev->device_fh);
+               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf);
+               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr_mrg_rxbuf);
+       } else {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Mergeable RX buffers disabled\n", dev->device_fh);
+               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr);
+               dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->vhost_hlen = sizeof(struct virtio_net_hdr);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate the region count of physical continous regions for one particular
+ * region of whose vhost virtual address is continous. The particular region
+ * start from vva_start, with size of 'size' in argument.
+ */
+static uint32_t check_hpa_regions(uint64_t vva_start, uint64_t size)
+{
+       uint32_t i, nregions = 0, page_size = PAGE_SIZE;
+       uint64_t cur_phys_addr = 0, next_phys_addr = 0;
+       if (vva_start % page_size) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "in check_countinous: vva start(%p) mod page_size(%d) "
+                       "has remainder\n",
+                       (void *)(uintptr_t)vva_start, page_size);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if (size % page_size) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "in check_countinous: "
+                       "size((%"PRIu64")) mod page_size(%d) has remainder\n",
+                       size, page_size);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < size - page_size; i = i + page_size) {
+               cur_phys_addr
+                       = rte_mem_virt2phy((void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + i));
+               next_phys_addr = rte_mem_virt2phy(
+                       (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + i + page_size));
+               if ((cur_phys_addr + page_size) != next_phys_addr) {
+                       ++nregions;
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "in check_continuous: hva addr:(%p) is not "
+                               "continuous with hva addr:(%p), diff:%d\n",
+                               (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + (uint64_t)i),
+                               (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + (uint64_t)i
+                               + page_size), page_size);
+                       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                               "in check_continuous: hpa addr:(%p) is not "
+                               "continuous with hpa addr:(%p), "
+                               "diff:(%"PRIu64")\n",
+                               (void *)(uintptr_t)cur_phys_addr,
+                               (void *)(uintptr_t)next_phys_addr,
+                               (next_phys_addr-cur_phys_addr));
+               }
+       }
+       return nregions;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Divide each region whose vhost virtual address is continous into a few
+ * sub-regions, make sure the physical address within each sub-region are
+ * continous. And fill offset(to GPA) and size etc. information of each
+ * sub-region into regions_hpa.
+ */
+static uint32_t fill_hpa_memory_regions(void *memory)
+{
+       uint32_t regionidx, regionidx_hpa = 0, i, k, page_size = PAGE_SIZE;
+       uint64_t cur_phys_addr = 0, next_phys_addr = 0, vva_start;
+       struct virtio_memory *virtio_memory = (struct virtio_memory *)memory;
+       struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa *mem_region_hpa
+               = virtio_memory->regions_hpa;
+
+       if (mem_region_hpa == NULL)
+               return 0;
+
+       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < virtio_memory->nregions; regionidx++) {
+               vva_start = virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address
+                       + virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].address_offset;
+               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address
+                       = virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address;
+               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset =
+                       rte_mem_virt2phy((void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start))
+                       - mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address;
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr start[%d]:(%p)\n",
+                       regionidx_hpa,
+                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address));
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "in fill_hpa_regions: host  phys addr start[%d]:(%p)\n",
+                       regionidx_hpa,
+                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset));
+               for (i = 0, k = 0;
+                       i < virtio_memory->regions[regionidx].memory_size
+                               - page_size;
+                       i += page_size) {
+                       cur_phys_addr = rte_mem_virt2phy(
+                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start + i));
+                       next_phys_addr = rte_mem_virt2phy(
+                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)(vva_start
+                                       + i + page_size));
+                       if ((cur_phys_addr + page_size) != next_phys_addr) {
+                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end =
+                                       mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address
+                                       + k + page_size;
+                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size
+                                       = k + page_size;
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest "
+                                       "phys addr end  [%d]:(%p)\n",
+                                       regionidx_hpa,
+                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end));
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                                       "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr "
+                                       "size [%d]:(%p)\n",
+                                       regionidx_hpa,
+                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size));
+                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa + 1].guest_phys_address
+                                       = mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end;
+                               ++regionidx_hpa;
+                               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset =
+                                       next_phys_addr
+                                       - mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address;
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest"
+                                       " phys addr start[%d]:(%p)\n",
+                                       regionidx_hpa,
+                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address));
+                               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG,
+                                       "in fill_hpa_regions: host  phys addr "
+                                       "start[%d]:(%p)\n",
+                                       regionidx_hpa,
+                                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].host_phys_addr_offset));
+                               k = 0;
+                       } else {
+                               k += page_size;
+                       }
+               }
+               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end
+                       = mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address
+                       + k + page_size;
+               mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size = k + page_size;
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr end  "
+                       "[%d]:(%p)\n", regionidx_hpa,
+                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].guest_phys_address_end));
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "in fill_hpa_regions: guest phys addr size "
+                       "[%d]:(%p)\n", regionidx_hpa,
+                       (void *)(uintptr_t)
+                       (mem_region_hpa[regionidx_hpa].memory_size));
+               ++regionidx_hpa;
+       }
+       return regionidx_hpa;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE
+ * This function creates and populates the memory structure for the device. This includes
+ * storing offsets used to translate buffer addresses.
+ */
+static int
+set_mem_table(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, const void *mem_regions_addr, uint32_t nregions)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+       struct vhost_memory_region *mem_regions;
+       struct virtio_memory *mem;
+       uint64_t size = offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions);
+       uint32_t regionidx, valid_regions;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       if (dev->mem) {
+               munmap((void*)(uintptr_t)dev->mem->mapped_address, (size_t)dev->mem->mapped_size);
+               free(dev->mem);
+       }
+
+       /* Malloc the memory structure depending on the number of regions. */
+       mem = calloc(1, sizeof(struct virtio_memory) + (sizeof(struct virtio_memory_regions) * nregions));
+       if (mem == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for dev->mem.\n", dev->device_fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       mem->nregions = nregions;
+
+       mem_regions = (void*)(uintptr_t)((uint64_t)(uintptr_t)mem_regions_addr + size);
+
+       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
+               /* Populate the region structure for each region. */
+               mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address = mem_regions[regionidx].guest_phys_addr;
+               mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address_end = mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address +
+                       mem_regions[regionidx].memory_size;
+               mem->regions[regionidx].memory_size = mem_regions[regionidx].memory_size;
+               mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address = mem_regions[regionidx].userspace_addr;
+
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") REGION: %u - GPA: %p - QEMU VA: %p - SIZE (%"PRIu64")\n", dev->device_fh,
+                               regionidx, (void*)(uintptr_t)mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address,
+                               (void*)(uintptr_t)mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address,
+                               mem->regions[regionidx].memory_size);
+
+               /*set the base address mapping*/
+               if (mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address == 0x0) {
+                       mem->base_address = mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address;
+                       /* Map VM memory file */
+                       if (host_memory_map(dev, mem, ctx.pid, mem->base_address) != 0) {
+                               free(mem);
+                               return -1;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Check that we have a valid base address. */
+       if (mem->base_address == 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find base address of qemu memory file.\n", dev->device_fh);
+               free(mem);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /* Check if all of our regions have valid mappings. Usually one does not exist in the QEMU memory file. */
+       valid_regions = mem->nregions;
+       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
+               if ((mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address < mem->base_address) ||
+                       (mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address > (mem->base_address + mem->mapped_size)))
+                               valid_regions--;
+       }
+
+       /* If a region does not have a valid mapping we rebuild our memory struct to contain only valid entries. */
+       if (valid_regions != mem->nregions) {
+               LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Not all memory regions exist in the QEMU mem file. Re-populating mem structure\n",
+                       dev->device_fh);
+
+               /* Re-populate the memory structure with only valid regions. Invalid regions are over-written with memmove. */
+               valid_regions = 0;
+
+               for (regionidx = mem->nregions; 0 != regionidx--;) {
+                       if ((mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address < mem->base_address) ||
+                                       (mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address > (mem->base_address + mem->mapped_size))) {
+                               memmove(&mem->regions[regionidx], &mem->regions[regionidx + 1],
+                                       sizeof(struct virtio_memory_regions) * valid_regions);
+                       } else {
+                               valid_regions++;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       mem->nregions = valid_regions;
+       mem->nregions_hpa = mem->nregions;
+       dev->mem = mem;
+
+       /*
+        * Calculate the address offset for each region. This offset is used to identify the vhost virtual address
+        * corresponding to a QEMU guest physical address.
+        */
+       for (regionidx = 0; regionidx < dev->mem->nregions; regionidx++) {
+               dev->mem->regions[regionidx].address_offset = dev->mem->regions[regionidx].userspace_address - dev->mem->base_address
+                       + dev->mem->mapped_address - dev->mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address;
+
+               dev->mem->nregions_hpa
+                       += check_hpa_regions(
+                               dev->mem->regions[regionidx].guest_phys_address
+                               + dev->mem->regions[regionidx].address_offset,
+                               dev->mem->regions[regionidx].memory_size);
+       }
+       if (dev->mem->regions_hpa != NULL) {
+               free(dev->mem->regions_hpa);
+               dev->mem->regions_hpa = NULL;
+       }
+
+       dev->mem->regions_hpa = (struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa *) calloc(1,
+               (sizeof(struct virtio_memory_regions_hpa)
+               * dev->mem->nregions_hpa));
+       if (dev->mem->regions_hpa == NULL) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "(%"PRIu64") Failed to allocate memory for "
+                       "dev->mem->regions_hpa.\n", dev->device_fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       if (fill_hpa_memory_regions(
+               (void *)dev->mem) != dev->mem->nregions_hpa) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG,
+                       "in set_mem_table: hpa memory regions number mismatch: "
+                       "[%d]\n", dev->mem->nregions_hpa);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_NUM
+ * The virtio device sends us the size of the descriptor ring.
+ */
+static int
+set_vring_num(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *state)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       /* State->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
+       dev->virtqueue[state->index]->size = state->num;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_ADDR
+ * The virtio device sends us the desc, used and avail ring addresses. This function
+ * then converts these to our address space.
+ */
+static int
+set_vring_addr(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_addr *addr)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       /* addr->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[addr->index];
+
+       /* The addresses are converted from QEMU virtual to Vhost virtual. */
+       vq->desc = (struct vring_desc*)(uintptr_t)qva_to_vva(dev, addr->desc_user_addr);
+       if (vq->desc == 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find descriptor ring address.\n", dev->device_fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       vq->avail = (struct vring_avail*)(uintptr_t)qva_to_vva(dev, addr->avail_user_addr);
+       if (vq->avail == 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find available ring address.\n", dev->device_fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       vq->used = (struct vring_used*)(uintptr_t)qva_to_vva(dev, addr->used_user_addr);
+       if (vq->used == 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") Failed to find used ring address.\n", dev->device_fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") mapped address desc: %p\n", dev->device_fh, vq->desc);
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") mapped address avail: %p\n", dev->device_fh, vq->avail);
+       LOG_DEBUG(VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") mapped address used: %p\n", dev->device_fh, vq->used);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_BASE
+ * The virtio device sends us the available ring last used index.
+ */
+static int
+set_vring_base(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_state *state)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       /* State->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
+       dev->virtqueue[state->index]->last_used_idx = state->num;
+       dev->virtqueue[state->index]->last_used_idx_res = state->num;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_GET_VRING_BASE
+ * We send the virtio device our available ring last used index.
+ */
+static int
+get_vring_base(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, uint32_t index, struct vhost_vring_state *state)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       state->index = index;
+       /* State->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
+       state->num = dev->virtqueue[state->index]->last_used_idx;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function uses the eventfd_link kernel module to copy an eventfd file descriptor
+ * provided by QEMU in to our process space.
+ */
+static int
+eventfd_copy(struct virtio_net *dev, struct eventfd_copy *eventfd_copy)
+{
+       int eventfd_link, ret;
+
+       /* Open the character device to the kernel module. */
+       eventfd_link = open(eventfd_cdev, O_RDWR);
+       if (eventfd_link < 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") eventfd_link module is not loaded\n",  dev->device_fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /* Call the IOCTL to copy the eventfd. */
+       ret = ioctl(eventfd_link, EVENTFD_COPY, eventfd_copy);
+       close(eventfd_link);
+
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               RTE_LOG(ERR, VHOST_CONFIG, "(%"PRIu64") EVENTFD_COPY ioctl failed\n",  dev->device_fh);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_CALL
+ * The virtio device sends an eventfd to interrupt the guest. This fd gets copied in
+ * to our process space.
+ */
+static int
+set_vring_call(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *file)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+       struct eventfd_copy     eventfd_kick;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       /* file->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[file->index];
+
+       if (vq->kickfd)
+               close((int)vq->kickfd);
+
+       /* Populate the eventfd_copy structure and call eventfd_copy. */
+       vq->kickfd = eventfd(0, EFD_NONBLOCK | EFD_CLOEXEC);
+       eventfd_kick.source_fd = vq->kickfd;
+       eventfd_kick.target_fd = file->fd;
+       eventfd_kick.target_pid = ctx.pid;
+
+       if (eventfd_copy(dev, &eventfd_kick))
+               return -1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_SET_VRING_KICK
+ * The virtio device sends an eventfd that it can use to notify us. This fd gets copied in
+ * to our process space.
+ */
+static int
+set_vring_kick(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *file)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+       struct eventfd_copy eventfd_call;
+       struct vhost_virtqueue *vq;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+       /* file->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
+       vq = dev->virtqueue[file->index];
+
+       if (vq->callfd)
+               close((int)vq->callfd);
+
+       /* Populate the eventfd_copy structure and call eventfd_copy. */
+       vq->callfd = eventfd(0, EFD_NONBLOCK | EFD_CLOEXEC);
+       eventfd_call.source_fd = vq->callfd;
+       eventfd_call.target_fd = file->fd;
+       eventfd_call.target_pid = ctx.pid;
+
+       if (eventfd_copy(dev, &eventfd_call))
+        return -1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called from CUSE IOCTL: VHOST_NET_SET_BACKEND
+ * To complete device initialisation when the virtio driver is loaded we are provided with a
+ * valid fd for a tap device (not used by us). If this happens then we can add the device to a
+ * data core. When the virtio driver is removed we get fd=-1. At that point we remove the device
+ * from the data core. The device will still exist in the device configuration linked list.
+ */
+static int
+set_backend(struct vhost_device_ctx ctx, struct vhost_vring_file *file)
+{
+       struct virtio_net *dev;
+
+       dev = get_device(ctx);
+       if (dev == NULL) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /* file->index refers to the queue index. The TX queue is 1, RX queue is 0. */
+       dev->virtqueue[file->index]->backend = file->fd;
+
+       /* If the device isn't already running and both backend fds are set we add the device. */
+       if (!(dev->flags & VIRTIO_DEV_RUNNING)) {
+               if (((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_TXQ]->backend != VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED) &&
+                       ((int)dev->virtqueue[VIRTIO_RXQ]->backend != VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED))
+                       return notify_ops->new_device(dev);
+       /* Otherwise we remove it. */
+       } else
+               if (file->fd == VIRTIO_DEV_STOPPED) {
+                       notify_ops->destroy_device(dev);
+               }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Function pointers are set for the device operations to allow CUSE to call functions
+ * when an IOCTL, device_add or device_release is received.
+ */
+static const struct vhost_net_device_ops vhost_device_ops =
+{
+       .new_device = new_device,
+       .destroy_device = destroy_device,
+
+       .get_features = get_features,
+       .set_features = set_features,
+
+       .set_mem_table = set_mem_table,
+
+       .set_vring_num = set_vring_num,
+       .set_vring_addr = set_vring_addr,
+       .set_vring_base = set_vring_base,
+       .get_vring_base = get_vring_base,
+
+       .set_vring_kick = set_vring_kick,
+       .set_vring_call = set_vring_call,
+
+       .set_backend = set_backend,
+
+       .set_owner = set_owner,
+       .reset_owner = reset_owner,
+};
+
+/*
+ * Called by main to setup callbacks when registering CUSE device.
+ */
+struct vhost_net_device_ops const *
+get_virtio_net_callbacks(void)
+{
+       return &vhost_device_ops;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Register ops so that we can add/remove device to data core.
+ */
+int
+init_virtio_net(struct virtio_net_device_ops const * const ops)
+{
+       notify_ops = ops;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Currently not used as we Ctrl+c to exit application.
+ */
+int
+deinit_virtio_net(void)
+{
+       return 0;
+}